PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Rhodophyceae

Taxonomy

Rhodophyceae was named by Ruprecht (1851). It is extant.

It was assigned to Archaeplastida by Adl et al. (2005); and to Rhodophyta by James et al. (1988), Moussavian and Kuss (1990), Braga and Aguirre (1995), Rasser and Piller (1999), Vannucci et al. (2000), Stockar (2000), Saxena et al. (2005), Misra et al. (2006), Taylor et al. (2008), Singh et al. (2009), Gale (2009), Vannucci et al. (2010), Misra et al. (2011), Carrera and Casadío (2016) and Roozpeykar et al. (2019).

Subtaxa

Acrochaetium, Angulocellularia, Angusticellularia, Aoujgaliaceae, Archaeolithophyllales, Arthrodendron, Calcifoliida, Florideae, Foliophycus, Gymnocodiaceae, Lomentarites, Solenoporaceae

Sister taxa

Aoujgaliaceae, Gymnocodiaceae, Solenoporaceae

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1851	Rhodophyceae Ruprecht
1988	Rhodophyceae James et al.
1990	Rhodophyceae Moussavian and Kuss
1995	Rhodophyceae Braga and Aguirre
1999	Rhodophyceae Rasser and Piller p. 72
2000	Rhodophyceae Stockar p. 413
2000	Rhodophyceae Vannucci et al.
2005	Rhodophyceae Adl et al. p. 401 figs. Table 1
2005	Rhodophyceae Saxena et al. p. 281
2006	Rhodophyceae Misra et al. p. 32
2008	Rhodophyceae Taylor et al. p. 1027
2009	Rhodophyceae Gale p. 90
2009	Rhodophyceae Singh et al. p. 21
2010	Rhodophyceae Vannucci et al. p. 224
2011	Rhodophyceae Misra et al. p. 357
2016	Rhodophyceae Carrera and Casadío
2019	Rhodophyceae Roozpeykar et al. p. 1605

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Plantae
subkingdom	Rhodoplantae	Saunders and Hommersand 2004
phylum	Rhodophyta	Wettstein 1922

Rank	Name	Author
class	Rhodophyceae	Ruprecht 1851
class	Rhodophyceae	Ruprecht 1851

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. Rhodophyceae Ruprecht 1851

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G. Acrochaetium Nägeli 1858

G. Angulocellularia Vologdin 1962

†Angulocellularia anisotoma Vologdin 1962

G. †Angusticellularia Vologdin 1962

†Angusticellularia anisotoma Vologdin 1962

Fm. †Aoujgaliaceae Termier and Vachard 1975

G. †Aoujgalia Termier and Termier 1950

†Aoujgalia variabilis Termier and Termier 1950

G. †Dromastacheoides Perret and Vachard 1977

G. †Fourstonella Cummings 1955

G. †Mametella Brenckle 1977

G. †Roquesselsia Termier 1977

G. †Stacheia Brady 1876

†Stacheia amplexa Vine 1882

†Stacheia congesta Brady 1876

†Stacheia cuspidata Chapman 1895

†Stacheia dispansa Chapman 1895

†Stacheia intermedia Chapman 1895

†Stacheia marginuloides Brady 1876

†Stacheia triradiata Chapman 1895

G. †Stacheoidella Mamet and Roux 1987

Or. †Archaeolithophyllales Chuvashov 1987

Fm. †Palaeoaplysinidae Chuvashov 1973

G. †Ditabulipora Wu 1991

†Ditabulipora longidens Wu 1991

Fm. †Palaoaplysinaceae Vachard and Kabanov 2007

G. †Eopalaeoaplysina Anderson and Beauchamp 2014

G. †Palaeoaplysina Krotov 1888

†Palaeoaplysina laminaeformis Krotov 1888

G. †Arthrodendron Ulrich 1904

†Arthrodendron diffusum Ulrich 1904

Or. †Calcifoliida Termier 1977

Fm. †Calcifoliaceae Termier 1977

G. †Calcifolium Shvetsov and Birina 1935

†Calcifolium okense Shvetsov and Birina 1935

G. †Falsocalcifolium Vachard and Cozar 2005

G. †Frustulata Saltovskaya 1984

Invalid names: Pseudodonezella Mamet and Herbig 1990 [synonym]

Fm. †Fasciellidae Shuysky 1999

G. †Fasciella

G. †Praedonezella Kulik 1973

Invalid names: Iberiaella Racz 1984 [synonym]

Subcl. †Florideae

G. †Corematocladus Ruedemann 1909

†Corematocladus densa Ruedemann 1909

Fm. †Dzhulfanellaceae Korde 1965

G. †Dzhulfanella Korde 1965

†Dzhulfanella gelatinosa Korde 1965

G. †Ungdarella Maslov 1956

†Ungdarella stellata Korde 1965

†Ungdarella uralica Maslov 1956

Fm. †Ungdarellaceae Maslov 1956

G. †Cheggatella Poncet 1989

G. †Foliophycus Johnson 1960

†Foliophycus llanoensis Johnson 1960

Fm. †Gymnocodiaceae Elliot 1955

G. †Asterocalculus Sokac and Grgasovic 1998

†Asterocalculus heraki Sokac and Grgasovic 1998

G. †Diversocallis Dragastan 1967

†Diversocallis undulatus Dragastan 1967

G. †Gymnocodium Pia 1927

†Gymnocodium gracile Korde 1965

†Gymnocodium nodosum Ogilvie Gordon 1927

†Gymnocodium novum Korde 1965

G. †Nanjinophycus Mu and Riding 1983

G. †Permocalculus Elliott 1955

†Permocalculus ampullaceus Elliott 1959

†Permocalculus armenianus Korde 1965

†Permocalculus dragastani Bucur 1985

†Permocalculus fragilis Pia 1937

†Permocalculus minutus Bucur 1994

†Permocalculus multiformis Korde 1965

G. †Succodium Konishi 1954

†Succodium ambiguum Korde 1965

†Succodium difficile Korde 1965

†Succodium multipilularum Konishi 1955

G. †Lomentarites Fliche 1905

†Lomentarites borneti Fliche 1905

Fm. †Solenoporaceae Pia 1927

G. †Cordilites Pocta 1887

G. †Dendronella Moussavian and Senowbari-Daryan 1988

G. †Elianella

†Elianella elegans Pfender and Basse 1947

G. †Eolithoporella Johnson 1966

†Eolithoporella dawsoni Johnson 1966

G. †Komia Korde 1951

†Komia abundans Korde 1951

G. †Marinella Pfender 1939

†Marinella lugeoni Pfender 1939

G. †Metasolenopora Yabe 1912

†Metasolenopora rothpletzi Yabe 1912

G. †Neosolenopora Mastrorilli 1955

†Neosolenopora armoricana Graham 1973

G. †Parachaetetes Deninger 1906

†Parachaetetes asvapatii Pia 1936

†Parachaetetes cassiana Flugel 1961

†Parachaetetes dizluensis Senowbari-Daryan et al. 2008

†Parachaetetes johnsoni Maslov 1962

†Parachaetetes lamellatus Konishi 1954

†Parachaetetes ternquisti Deninger 1906

G. †Protoaulopora

G. †Pycnoporidium Yabe and Toyama 1928

†Pycnoporidium levantinum Johnson 1964

†Pycnoporidium lobatum Yabe and Toyama 1928

†Pycnoporidium sinuosum Johnson and Konishi 1960

G. †Solenomeris Douvillé 1924

†Solenomeris ogormani Douvillé 1924

G. †Solenopora Dybowski 1877

†Solenopora alcicornis Ott 1966

†Solenopora concentrica Senowbari-Daryan et al. 2006

†Solenopora coromandelensis Rao 1944

†Solenopora guangxiensis Wu 1991

†Solenopora guangxiensis sinuosa Wu 1991

†Solenopora jurassica Brown 1894

†Solenopora paraconcentrica Senowbari-Daryan et al. 2006

†Solenopora rectangulata Senowbari-Daryan et al. 2008

†Solenopora sahnii Rao and Gowda 1954

†Solenopora spongioides Dybowski 1877

†Solenopora tiruchiensis Rao and Gowda 1954

†Solenopora triasina Vinassa de Regny 1915

†Solenopora urgoniana Pfenfer 1930

†Solenopora vachardi Senowbari-Daryan et al. 2006

G. †Solenoporella Rothpletz 1908

†Solenoporella jurassica Brown 1908

G. †Tauristorea Senowbari-Daryan and Link 2005

†Tauristorea discursa Senowbari-Daryan et al. 2006

†Tauristorea parallela Senowbari-Daryan and Link 2005

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

high Mg calcitec

Architecture:

porousc

Environment:

coastal, inner shelf, marinec

Locomotion:

stationaryc

Life habit:

epifaunalc

Diet:

"photoautotroph"c

Created:

2006-07-05 08:27:21

Modified:

2006-07-05 10:27:21

Source: c = class

Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Botomian to the top of the Langhian or 516.00000 to 13.82000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 512.9 Ma

Collections (940 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Atdabanian - Botomian	521.0 - 512.9	Mongolia	Angulocellularia sp. (22939 22941)
Botomian - Toyonian	516.0 - 510.2	USA (Nevada)	Angulocellularia sp. (81005)
Millardan	497.0 - 485.4	USA (Nevada)	Angusticellularia sp. (200142)
Tremadoc - Floian	486.5 - 470.0	China (Jianxin)	Angulocellularia sp. (154811)
Arenig	478.6 - 466.0	Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador)	Solenopora sp. (80774)
Chazyan	470.0 - 457.3	USA (Vermont)	Solenopora sp. (80821 175904 175905) Solenopora sp., Solenopora embrunensis (63297)
Chazyan	470.0 - 457.3	USA (New York)	Solenopora compacta (171705) Solenopora sp. (63307)
Chazyan	470.0 - 457.3	Canada (Quebec)	Parachaetetes sp. (45281) Solenopora compacta (172352) Solenopora sp. (80006 175234)
Whiterockian	470.0 - 457.3	Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador)	Solenopora sp. (45283)
Whiterockian	470.0 - 457.3	USA (Vermont)	Solenopora sp. (103298)
Llanvirn - Llandeilian	468.0 - 460.9	South Korea (Kangweondo (Gangwon-do))	Solenopora sp. (198260)
Llanvirn	468.0 - 458.4	USA (Virginia)	Solenopora sp. (34738)
Soudleyan - Marshbrookian	458.4 - 454.0	Norway	Solenopora spongioides (3251)
Sandbian	458.4 - 453.0	China	Angusticellularia sp. (220534)
Soudleyan - Actonian	458.4 - 453.0	Norway	Solenopora sp. (34843 34844)
Caradoc	458.4 - 449.5	USA (Tennessee)	Solenopora sp., Parachaetetes sp. (80005)
Caradoc	458.4 - 449.5	China	Solenopora sp. (91572)
Caradoc	458.4 - 449.5	USA (Alabama)	Solenopora sp. (80602)
Caradoc	458.4 - 449.5	USA (Virginia)	Solenopora compacta (34007 34028 34029 34030 34031 34032 34152 34153 34167 34168 34169 34224 34235 34237 34241 34243 34244 34245 34246) Solenopora sp. (33528 34172 34173 34174 34175 34176)
Caradoc	458.4 - 449.5	USA (Georgia)	Solenopora compacta (32872 32873 32874 32875 32879 33103 33104 33105 33106 33107 33182 33186 33188) Solenopora sp. (32468 32469)