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Diospyros
Taxonomy
Diospyros was named by Linnaeus (1753). It is not extant. It is considered to be a form taxon.
It was assigned to Ebenaceae by Knowlton (1899), Berry (1914), Knowlton (1919), Knowlton (1926), MacGinitie (1941), Chandler (1962), Lakhanpal et al. (1976), Srivastava (1991), Antal and Awasthi (1993), Liu et al. (1996), Mabberley (2000), Prasad (2008).
It was assigned to Ebenaceae by Knowlton (1899), Berry (1914), Knowlton (1919), Knowlton (1926), MacGinitie (1941), Chandler (1962), Lakhanpal et al. (1976), Srivastava (1991), Antal and Awasthi (1993), Liu et al. (1996), Mabberley (2000), Prasad (2008).
Species
D. alaskana (syn. D. lancifolia), D. ambigua, D. amboyensis (syn. Phyllites ellipticus), D. anceps, D. andersonae, D. apiculata, D. brachysepala (syn. Rhamnus inaequalis, D. princetonia, Andromeda dubia), D. celastroides, D. darwajensis, D. elliptica, D. embryopterisites, D. eminens, D. ficoidea, D. foliosa, D. haguei, D. headonensis, D. hexaphylla, D. judithae, D. kathgodamensis, D. koilabasensis, D. lamarensis, D. leei, D. lesquereuxi, D. microcalyx, D. microphylla, D. miocenicus, D. miokaki, D. nainitalensis, D. nebraskana (syn. D. ambigua), D. nitida, D. obtusata, D. palaeoebenum, D. palaeoeriantha, D. pretoposia, D. primaeva, D. prodromus, D. provecta, D. pseudoanceps, D. purniyagiriensis, D. raritanensis, D. retinervis, D. rotundifolia, D. rotundifolius, D. steenstrupi, D. stenosepala, D. vancouverensis, D. vera, D. virginiana, D. wilcoxiana
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1753 | Diospyros Linnaeus |
| 1899 | Diospyros Knowlton |
| 1914 | Diospyros Berry p. 61 |
| 1919 | Diospyros Knowlton |
| 1926 | Diospyros Knowlton |
| 1941 | Diospyros MacGinitie |
| 1962 | Diospyros Chandler p. 133 |
| 1976 | Diospyros Lakhanpal et al. |
| 1991 | Diospyros Srivastava |
| 1993 | Diospyros Antal and Awasthi |
| 1996 | Diospyros Liu et al. |
| 2000 | Diospyros Mabberley |
| 2008 | Diospyros Prasad |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Diospyros Linnaeus 1753
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Diospyros ambigua Ventenat 1803
†Diospyros anceps Heer 1859
†Diospyros andersonae Knowlton 1926
†Diospyros apiculata Lesquereux 1891
†Diospyros brachysepala Braun 1845
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Invalid names: Andromeda dubia Lesquereux 1859 [synonym], Diospyros princetonia Cockerell 1906 [synonym], Rhamnus inaequalis Lesquereux 1873 [synonym]
†Diospyros celastroides Lesquereux 1891
†Diospyros darwajensis Prasad et al. 1990
†Diospyros elliptica Knowlton 1902
†Diospyros embryopterisites Varma 1968
†Diospyros eminens Dawson 1893
†Diospyros ficoidea Lesquereux 1875
Diospyros foliosa Bakhuizen 1941
†Diospyros haguei Knowlton 1899
†Diospyros headonensis Chandler 1961
†Diospyros hexaphylla Lesquereux 1872
†Diospyros judithae Knowlton 1916
†Diospyros kathgodamensis Prasad 1994
†Diospyros koilabasensis Prasad 1990
†Diospyros lamarensis Knowlton 1899
†Diospyros leei Knowlton 1917
†Diospyros lesquereuxi Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
†Diospyros microcalyx Knowlton 1926
Diospyros microphylla Beddome 1872
†Diospyros miocenicus Prasad and Awasthi 1996
†Diospyros miokaki Awasthi and Prasad 1990
†Diospyros nainitalensis Prasad et al. 2004
†Diospyros nebraskana Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
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Invalid names: Diospyros ambigua Lesquereux 1883 [replaced]
†Diospyros nitida Dawson 1882
†Diospyros obtusata Ward 1885
†Diospyros palaeoebenum Prasad 1994
†Diospyros palaeoeriantha Prasad et al. 2004
†Diospyros pretoposia Prasad 1990
†Diospyros primaeva Heer 1866
†Diospyros prodromus Heer 1882
†Diospyros provecta Velenovsky 1884
†Diospyros pseudoanceps Lesquereux 1891
†Diospyros purniyagiriensis Shashi et al. 2007
†Diospyros raritanensis Berry 1910
†Diospyros retinervis MacGinitie 1941
Diospyros rotundifolia Hiern 1873
†Diospyros rotundifolius Lesquereux 1874
†Diospyros steenstrupi Heer 1883
†Diospyros stenosepala Heer 1869
†Diospyros vancouverensis Dawson 1882
†Diospyros vera Berry 1911
Diospyros virginiana Linnaeus 1753
†Diospyros wilcoxiana Berry 1916
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: p = phylum | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Cenomanian to the top of the Early/Lower Pleistocene or 100.50000 to 0.77400 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma
Collections (52 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albian - Cenomanian | Russian Federation | D. streenstrupii (34796) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Canada (British Columbia) | D. lesquereuxi (35067) | |
| Campanian | USA (South Carolina) | D. primaeva (210091 210093 210094 210095) D. rotundifolia, D. primaeva (210092) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Wyoming) | D. stenosepala (35579) | |
| Paleocene | USA (Wyoming) | Calycites hexaphylla (40088) | |
| Paleocene | USA (Montana) | Calycites hexaphylla (53964 53965) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | Canada (British Columbia) | D. dawsoni (227791) | |
| Ypresian | United Kingdom (England) | D. eocenica, D. pleadum (22811) D. headonensis (23398) | |
| Eocene | Japan (Yamaguchi) | D. lanceolata (24472 24474) D. lanceolata, D. ubensis (24481) | |
| Middle Eocene | USA (Wyoming) | D. brachysepala (24154) D. haguei (24087) D. lamarensis (24198 35583) | |
| Middle Eocene | USA (California) | D. retinervis (23995 23998) | |
| Priabonian | United Kingdom (England) | D. headonensis (27663) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | Australia (Victoria) | D. sp. (169006 169007 169237) | |
| Rupelian - Tertiary | Germany (Brandenburg) | D. rugosa (24318) | |
| Chattian | France (Bouches-Du-Rhone) | D. rugosa (113682) | |
| Miocene - Oligocene | USA (Montana) | D. oregoniana (23975) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Brazil (Para) | D. sculpta (112580) | |
| Miocene | USA (Montana) | D. oregoniana (23973) | |
| Miocene | India (Tamil Nadu) | D. sp. (224618) | |
| Miocene | USA (Washington) | D. andersonae, D. microcalyx (224391) | |
| Miocene | Nepal | D. koilabasensis, D. pretoposia, D. darwajensis (222898) | |
| Miocene | India (Maharashtra) | D. sp., D. foliosa, D. microphylla (227811) | |
| Miocene - Pliocene | Uganda | D. sp. (22390) | |
| Miocene - Pliocene | India (Uttarakhand) | D. embryopterisites (222793) D. palaeoebenum, D. purniyagiriensis (222808) | |
| Miocene - Pliocene | India (West Bengal) | D. koilabasensis (223486) | |
| Miocene - Pliocene | Nepal | D. miokaki, D. miocenicus (222975) | |
| Burdigalian | China (Shandong) | D. miokaki (223803) | |
| Burdigalian | USA (Nevada) | D. oregonianum (27701) | |
| Barstovian - Clarendonian | USA (Nebraska) | D. miotexana (23401) | |
| Langhian | Germany (Brandenburg) | D. rugosa (23043) | |
| MN 5 | Switzerland (Zürich) | D. brachysepala (46225) | |
| Middle Miocene | India (Uttarakhand) | D. kathgodamensis, D. palaeoebenum, D. nainitalensis, D. palaeoeriantha (222797) | |
| Middle Miocene | USA (California) | D. oregoniana, Phyllites ellipticus (35412) | |
| Middle Miocene | Taiwan | D. sp. (223908) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | Congo-Kinshasa | D. sp. (22346) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Australia (Victoria) | Diospyros indet. (172883 172884) |