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Pinaceae

Pinopsida - Pinales - Pinaceae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1830Pinaceae Rudolphi p. 65
1919Pinaceae Knowlton
1974Pinaceae Ozaki
1977Pinaceae Hickey
1983Pinaceae Hueber p. 271
1984Pinaceae Meyen p. 90
1989Pinaceae Shoshani et al. p. 434
1994Pinaceae Upchurch et al.
2000Pinaceae Mabberley
2008Pinaceae Taylor et al. p. 1029

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
phylumPinophyta
classPinopsidaBurnett 1833
RankNameAuthor
orderPinales
familyPinaceae
familyPinaceae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Pinaceae Rudolphi 1830
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G. †Abiespollenites Raatz 1938
+
†Abiespollenites kashmirensis Thiergart and Frantz 1962
Subfm. Abietoideae Bercht and Presl
+
G. Abies Miller 1754 [fir]
+
Abies balsamea Linnaeus 1753
†Abies concoloroides Brown 1940
+
Invalid names: Pinus webbiana Wallich 1828 [synonym]
G. Keteleeria Carrière 1866
+
†Keteleeria ezoana Tanai 1961
†Keteleeria farjonii Wheeler et al. 2023
G. Pseudolarix Gordon and Glendinning 1858
G. Tsuga Carrière 1855
+
Tsuga mertensiana Bongard 1832
†Tsuga miosieboldiana Ozaki 1974
†Tsuga nanfengensis Bondarenko et al. 2015
†Tsuga xianfengensis Xing and Zhou 2013
G. †Archaeolarix Teslenko 1970
+
†Archaeolarix argunensis Teslenko 1970
G. †Cedroxylon Kraus 1870
+
†Cedroxylon hermanni Schenk 1882
†Cedroxylon withami Lindley and Hutton 1832
G. Cedrus Trew 1757 [cedar]
+
Cedrus deodara Roxburgh 1824
†Cedrus leei Fontaine 1905
G. †Colchidia Kolakovskii and Schakryl 1968
+
†Colchidia angustissima Kolakovskii and Schakryl 1968
G. †Eathiestrobus Rothwell et al. 2012
+
†Eathiestrobus mackenziei Rothwell et al. 2012
G. †Indostrobus Sahni 1931
+
G. †Megalomyelon Cribbs 1940
+
†Megalomyelon myriodesmon Cribbs 1940
G. †Midoriphyllum Stockey and Wiebe 2008
G. †Nansenia Sveshnikova and Budantsev 1967
+
†Nansenia arctica Sveshnikova and Budantsev 1967
G. †Obirastrobus Ohsawa et al. 1992
G. †Piceapollenites Potonié
+
†Piceapollenites naeransus Mathur and Mathur 1969
G. †Piceoxylon Gothan 1906
+
†Piceoxylon pseudotsugae Gothan 1906
G. †Pinicutis Schneider 1969
+
†Pinicutis hexacytica Schneider 1969
Subfm. Pinoideae Linnaeus
+
G. Cathaya Chun and Kuang 1962
G. Larix Miller 1768 [larch]
+
†Larix churchbridgensis Penhallow 1892
Larix laricina Koch 1873
G. Picea Dietrich 1824 [spruce]
+
Picea alba Link 1842
†Picea albertensis Penhallow 1908
†Picea cliffwoodensis Berry 1906
†Picea columbiensis Penhallow 1907 [spruce]
†Picea harrimani Knowlton 1904
Picea mariana Miller 1768
†Picea quilchensis Penhallow 1908
Picea sitchensis Bongard 1832
Picea smithiana Wallich 1832 [morinda spruce]
†Picea tranquillensis Penhallow 1908
G. Pseudotsuga Carrière 1867
+
†Pseudotsuga huziokana Ozaki 1974
†Pseudotsuga miocena Penhallow 1903
Pseudotsuga taxifolia Lambert 1803
G. †Pinoxylon Knowlton 1900
G. Pinus Linnaeus 1753 [pine]
+
Pinus abies Linnaeus 1753
†Pinus andraei Coemans 1867
†Pinus anthraciticus Dawson 1892
†Pinus armstrongi Heer 1868
Pinus attenuata Lemmon 1892
†Pinus bathursti Heer 1868
†Pinus bowerbanki Carruthers 1878
Pinus canadensis Linnaeus 1763
Pinus caribaea Morelet 1855
Pinus cedrus Linnaeus 1753
Pinus cembra Linnaeus 1753
†Pinus columbiana Penhallow 1907
†Pinus conoides Perkins 1904
†Pinus cuneatus Perkins 1904
†Pinus delicatulus Berry 1904
†Pinus dixoni Gardner 1890
Pinus echinata Miller 1768
†Pinus florissanti Lesquereux 1883
†Pinus fordi Chandler 1978
†Pinus gracilistrobus Knowlton 1899
†Pinus granulatum Heer 1883
†Pinus hambachi Kirchner 1898
†Pinus iddingsi Knowlton 1899
†Pinus lardyana Heer 1855
Pinus larix Linnaeus 1753
†Pinus lindgreni Knowlton 1901
†Pinus lundgreni Nathorst 1878
†Pinus macclurii Heer 1868
†Pinus macrocephala Lindley and Hutton 1834
†Pinus macrolepis Knowlton 1899
Pinus massoniana Lambert 1803
†Pinus mattewanensis Berry 1903
†Pinus miocenica Tanai 1961
†Pinus nanfengensis Wang et al. 2017
†Pinus nordenskioeldi Heer 1876
†Pinus peregrinus Hickey 1977
Pinus picea Linnaeus 1753
Pinus pinea Linnaeus 1753
†Pinus prekesiya Xing et al. 2010
†Pinus prelambertiana Axelrod 1958
†Pinus premurrayana Knowlton 1899
†Pinus prestwichi Gardner 1884
†Pinus protoscleropitys Holden 1913
†Pinus quenstedti Heer 1869
†Pinus quinquefolia Hollick and Jeffrey 1909
Pinus radiata Don 1837
†Pinus raritanensis Berry 1910
Pinus rigida Miller 1768
Pinus roxburghii Sargent 1897 [chir pine]
†Pinus scituatensiformis Bailey 1911
†Pinus shastensis Fontaine 1905
†Pinus sheppyensis Ettinghausen and Gardner 1879
†Pinus steenstrupiana Heer 1908
Pinus strobus Linnaeus 1753
†Pinus sturgisi Cockerell 1908
†Pinus susquaensis Dawson 1882
Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus 1753
Pinus taeda Linnaeus 1753
†Pinus tetraphylla Jeffrey 1908
†Pinus triphylla Hollick and Jeffrey 1909
†Pinus trunculus Dawson 1888
†Pinus tulameenensis Penhallow 1908
†Pinus uniseriata Wang et al. 2017
†Pinus vernonensis Ward 1905
+
Invalid names: Pinus schista Ward 1905 [synonym]
†Pinus vulcaniamniensis Ellenberger 1970
Pinus wallichiana Jackson 1938 [blue pine]
†Pinus wardii Knowlton 1899
†Pinus wheeleri Cockerell 1908
G. †Pinuspollenites Raatz 1938
+
†Pinuspollenites entomophilus Krassilov 1982
†Pinuspollenites globosaccus Filatoff 1975
G. †Pityosporites Seward 1914
+
†Pityosporites potoniaei Lakhanpal et al. 1959
†Pityosporites sewardii Virkki 1946
G. †Pityostrobus Dutt 1916
+
†Pityostrobus beardii Smith and Stockey 2002
†Pityostrobus californiensis Smith and Stockey 2001
†Pityostrobus macrocephalus Lindley and Hutton 1916
G. †Pseudoaraucaria Fliche 1896
+
G. †Pseudolaricixylon Khudaiberdyev 1958
+
†Pseudolaricixylon firmoides Khudaiberdyev 1958
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Desmoinesian to the top of the Holocene or 312.80000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 307.0 Ma

Collections (932 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Carboniferous - Permian358.86 - 251.902USA (Arizona) Pityosporites sp. (10750)
Middle Pennsylvanian315.2 - 307.0USA (Illinois) Pityosporites sp. (127301 127303)
Middle Pennsylvanian315.2 - 307.0USA (Oklahoma) Pityosporites westphalensis (127310)
Middle Pennsylvanian - Late/Upper Pennsylvanian315.2 - 298.9USA (Oklahoma) Pityosporites sp. (127304)
Moscovian - Artinskian315.2 - 283.3USA (Arizona) Pityosporites sp. (11170)
Desmoinesian312.8 - 306.0USA (Kansas) Pityosporites sp. (10743 10779 10780 10781 10782 10783 10784 10785 10786 10787 10788 10790 10793 10794)
Late/Upper Pennsylvanian307.0 - 298.9USA (Ohio) Pityosporites westphalensis (11241 11252 11267)
Missourian306.0 - 303.7USA (Kansas) Pityosporites sp. (10796 10797)
Virgilian303.7 - 298.9USA (New Mexico) Pityosporites sp. (11307 11308)
Cisuralian298.9 - 274.4India (Madhya Pradesh) Pityosporites sp. (224680)
Permian298.9 - 251.902Hungary Pityosporites sp. (24307)
Permian298.9 - 251.902India (West Bengal) Pityosporites sp. (225790)
Permian298.9 - 251.902USA (Oklahoma) Pityosporites sp. (31422)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1India Pityosporites sp. (30143 30145)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4India (Chhattisgarh) Pityosporites sp. (224737 224750)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4India Pityosporites sp. (30152 30154)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4India (Odisha) Pityosporites sp. (225489)
Rotliegendes - Ufimian283.3 - 274.4Norway Piceapollenites spp. (31370 31371)
Kazanian - Zechstein274.4 - 254.14Norway Piceapollenites sp. (31352) Piceapollenites spp. (31376 31377 31380 31386)
Wordian - Lopingian266.9 - 251.902India (Madhya Pradesh) Pityosporites sp., Pityosporites sewardii (30175)