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Araliaceae
Taxonomy
Araliaceae was named by Jussieu (1789). It is extant.
It was assigned to Umbellales by Knowlton (1919); and to Apiales by Mabberley (2000), Taylor et al. (2008), The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016).
It was assigned to Umbellales by Knowlton (1919); and to Apiales by Mabberley (2000), Taylor et al. (2008), The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1789 | Araliaceae Jussieu p. 217 |
| 1919 | Araliaceae Knowlton |
| 2000 | Araliaceae Mabberley |
| 2008 | Araliaceae Taylor et al. p. 1030 |
| 2016 | Araliaceae The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group p. 20 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Araliaceae Jussieu 1789
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G. Aralia Linnaeus 1753 [spikenard]
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†Aralia berberidifolia Lesquereux 1891
†Aralia brittoniana Berry 1903
Aralia chinensis Linnaeus 1753
†Aralia coloradensis Knowlton 1917
†Aralia coriacea Velenovsky 1884
†Aralia cottondalensis Berry 1919
†Aralia dakotana Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
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Invalid names: Aralia acerifolia Lesquereux 1883 [replaced]
Aralia digitata Roxburgh 1814
†Aralia dissecta Lesquereux 1883
†Aralia eutawensis Berry 1914
†Aralia formosa Heer 1869
†Aralia gracilis Lesquereux 1871
†Aralia groenlandica Heer 1882
†Aralia jorgenseni Heer 1883
†Aralia lasseniana Lesquereux 1888
†Aralia looziana Saporta and Marion 1878
Aralia macrophylla Lindley 1844
†Aralia masoni Lesquereux 1891
†Aralia mattewanensis Berry 1903
†Aralia nassauensis Hollick 1894
†Aralia notata Lesquereux 1878
Aralia nudicaulis Linnaeus 1753
†Aralia patens Newberry 1895
†Aralia polymorpha Newberry 1895
†Aralia quinquepartita Lesquereux 1875
Aralia racemosa Linnaeus 1753
†Aralia radiata Lesquereux 1883
†Aralia ravniana Heer 1882
†Aralia rotundata Dawson 1885
†Aralia rotundiloba Newberry 1895
†Aralia saportana Lesquereux 1875
†Aralia serrata Knowlton 1917
†Aralia serrulata Knowlton 1899
Aralia spinosa Linnaeus 1753
†Aralia stratosa Zhu et al. 2015
†Aralia subemarginata Lesquereux 1883
†Aralia tenuinervis Lesquereux 1883
†Aralia towneri Lesquereux 1875
†Aralia triloba Newberry 1868
†Aralia veatchii Knowlton 1917
†Aralia vernonensis Fontaine 1905
†Aralia washingtoniana Berry 1910
†Aralia westoni Dawson 1885
†Aralia wrightii Knowlton 1899
†Aralia zaddachi Heer 1869
G. †Araliaephyllum Fontaine 1889
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†Araliaephyllum cachetamanense Menéndez 1959
†Araliaephyllum crassinerve Fontaine 1889
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Invalid names: Araliaephyllum acutilobum Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Araliaephyllum obtusilobum Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
†Araliaephyllum magnifolium Fontaine 1889
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Invalid names: Aceriphyllum aralioides Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Araliaephyllum aceroides Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Hederaephyllum angulatum Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
†Araliaephyllum quinquelobatus Cantrill 1996
G. †Aralianthea Massalongo 1893
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†Aralianthea brongniarti Massalongo 1893
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Invalid names: Fucoides obtusus Brongniart 1828 [replaced]
G. †Aralinium Platen 1908
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†Aralinium excellens Platen 1908
†Aralinium lindgreni Platen 1907
†Aralinium multiradiatum Platen 1908
†Aralinium parenchymaticum Platen 1908
G. †Chondrophyllum Necker 1790
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†Chondrophyllum obovatum Newberry 1895
†Chondrophyllum orbiculatum Heer 1874
†Chondrophyllum reticulatum Hollick 1895
G. Hedera Linnaeus 1753 [ivy]
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†Hedera auriculata Heer 1869
†Hedera bruneri Ward 1885
†Hedera cecilensis Berry 1910
†Hedera cretacea Lesquereux 1891
†Hedera decurrens Lesquereux 1891
Hedera helix Linnaeus 1753
†Hedera macclurii Heer 1868
†Hedera marginata Lesquereux 1883
†Hedera microphylla Lesquereux 1891
†Hedera minima Ward 1885
Hedera nepalensis Koch 1853
†Hedera obliqua Newberry 1891
†Hedera orbiculata Heer 1874
†Hedera ovalis Lesquereux 1874
†Hedera parvula Ward 1885
†Hedera platanoidea Lesquereux 1874
†Hedera primordialis Saporta 1879
Hedera quinquefolia Linnaeus 1753
†Hedera rotundifolia Knowlton 1918
†Hedera schimperi Lesquereux 1875
†Hedera simplex Hollick 1906
G. Heteropanax Seemann 1866
G. Kalopanax Miquel 1863
G. Mackinlaya Mueller 1864
G. Oreopanax Decaisne and Planchon 1854
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†Oreopanax minor Berry 1916
†Oreopanax oxfordensis Berry 1916
G. Polyscias Forster and Forster 1775
G. Schefflera Forster and Forster 1775
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: p = phylum | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Albian to the top of the Holocene or 106.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma
Collections (145 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Cretaceous | Canada (British Columbia) | Aralia wellingtoniana (31384) | |
| Cretaceous | Argentina (Chubut) | Araliaephyllum cachetamanense (153393) | |
| Albian | Canada (Alberta) | Aralia sp. (24840) Araliaephyllum westoni (24838 24839 24842) | |
| Albian | Canada (British Columbia) | Araliaephyllum westoni (24892) | |
| Albian | USA (Kansas) | Aralia newberryi (102722) Aralia polymorpha, Aralia ravniana (29018) Aralia ravniana (102992) | |
| Albian - Cenomanian | Russian Federation | Araliaephyllum dentatum (34627 34771 34800) Araliaephyllum medium (34792) Araliaephyllum sp. (34778) | |
| Middle Albian - Late/Upper Albian | USA (Virginia) | Aralia dubia, Platanophyllum crassinerve (106317) | |
| Late/Upper Albian | USA (Montana) | Aralia wellingtonia, Araliaephyllum westonii (31171) Araliaephyllum westonii (29138) | |
| Late/Upper Albian - Cretaceous | Antarctica | Araliaephyllum quinquelobatus (32472 32473) | |
| Cenomanian | Canada (Alberta) | Araliaephyllum groenlandica (31901) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | USA (Wyoming) | Aralia veatchii (31187) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Canada (British Columbia) | Aralia parvidens (32026) Araliaephyllum rotundiloba (32027 32031 35005) Hedera cretacea (31887) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian - Cenomanian | Canada (British Columbia) | Araliaephyllum rotundiloba (32030) | |
| Late/Upper Cretaceous | USA (Wyoming) | Aralia veatchii (31382) Araliaephyllum artocarpoides (34971) | |
| Late/Upper Coniacian - Santonian | USA (Georgia) | Aralia eutawensis (28321) | |
| Campanian | USA (South Carolina) | Hedera primordialis (211425) Hedera primorialis (212236) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Maastrichtian | Antarctica | Araliaephyllum quinquelobatus (150274) | |
| Lancian | USA (North Dakota) | Araliaephyllum polevoi (48218 48220 48222) | |
| Paleocene | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Aralia coloradensis (45729) | |
| Paleocene | China (Heilongjiang) | Aralia sp. (223817) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | India (Meghalaya) | Paleoaraliaceaepites indica (224747) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | USA (Colorado) | Oreopanax elongatum (24411 24415 24417) | |
| Eocene | India (Meghalaya) | Heteropanax sp. (225784) | |
| Eocene | USA (Colorado) | Oreopanax elongatum (24419) | |
| Eocene | Canada (British Columbia) | Aralia sp. (179231) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene - Late/Upper Miocene | Argentina | Oreopanax guinazui (32201) | |
| Bridgerian | USA (Wyoming) | Oreopanax elongatum (21389) | |
| Middle Eocene | USA (Wyoming) | Aralia notata (24091 24130 24137 24157 24198) Aralia notata, Aralia serrulata (24087) Aralia wrightii, Aralia sp. (35583) | |
| Chadronian | USA (Colorado) | Araliaceae indet., Oreopanax dissecta, Panax andrewsii (24209) | |
| Rupelian | Russian Federation (Tiumensky) | Aralia pusilla (22849) Aralia sp. (22886) | |
| Oligocene | China (Yunnan) | Oreopanax oxfordensis (223846) | |
| Rupelian - Chattian | Germany (Saxony) | Aralia haselbachensis (24922) Panax longifolium (25583) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | Australia (Victoria) | A. sp. 2, Mackinlaya sp. (169006) A. sp. 2, Polyscias sp., Mackinlaya sp. (169237) Mackinlaya sp. (169007) | |
| Chattian | Germany (Sachsen) | Aralia dorofeevii, Aralia lusatica, Schefflera dorofeevii (24183 24534) Aralia lusatica (24533 26508) Schefflera dorofeevii (24179) | |
| Chattian | Russian Federation (Tomsk) | Aralia longisperma (23782) Aralia longisperma, Aralia rugosa (22889) Aralia longisperma, Aralia tertiaria, Aralia rugosa, Aralia crassa (23669) Aralia longisperma, Aralia tertiaria, Aralia rugosa, Aralia crassa, Aralia pusilla, Aralia chinensis (23663) Aralia pusilla (22888) Araliaceae indet., Aralia longisperma, Aralia tertiaria (23891) | |
| Chattian | France (Bouches-Du-Rhone) | Aralia aquisextana, Hedera philiberti (113682) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | New Zealand (Southland) | Schefflera sp. (169981) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Russian Federation (Tomsk) | Aralia intermedia (23906) Aralia intermedia, Aralia lucida (23908) Aralia tertiaria, Aralia intermedia (23907) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Russian Federation (Omsk) | Aralia intermedia (23894) | |
| Miocene | China (Zhejiang) | Kalopanax truncatibasalis (224041) | |
| Miocene | India (Tamil Nadu) | Humboldtia neyvelii (224618) | |
| Miocene - Pliocene | Japan (Nagano) | Kalopanax sp. (22796) | |
| Burdigalian | Germany (Bayern) | Aralia sp. (28280) | |
| Burdigalian | China (Shandong) | Kalopanax acerifolium (223803) | |
| Langhian | Germany (sachsen) | Aralia tertiaria (27519) | |
| Langhian - Serravallian | Poland (Silesia) | Aralia chinensis (28442) Aralia sp., Hedera sp. (28443) | |
| Middle Miocene | Russian Federation (Omsk) | Aralia longisperma, Aralia tertiaria, Aralia depressa (24078) | |
| Serravallian | Germany (Brandenburg) | Aralia longisperma (23611) Aralia tertiaria (22899 23618) Aralia weissii, Aralia zaddachii (27512) Aralia zaddachii (23041) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Middle Miocene | Russian Federation (Omsk) | Aralia rugosa, Aralia lucida (24093) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Russian Federation (Omsk) | Aralia depressa (24098 24286 24317 24321) Aralia intermedia (24627) Aralia lucida (24094) Aralia lucida, Aralia depressa (24100) Aralia sp. (24287) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene | France (Elsass) | Aralia szaferi (21222) | |
| Pliocene | Portugal | Araliaceae indet., Hedera sp. (232147) Hedera sp. (232121 232122 232148) | |
| Zanclean - Piacenzian | Germany (Thuringia) | Aralia szaferi (22771) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | China (Yunnan) | Aralia stratosa (224540) | |
| Piacenzian | Germany (Thuringia) | Aralia szaferi, Hedera helix (22778) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Australia (Victoria) | Araliaceae indet. (172833 172836 172875) Araliaceae indet., A. Rutaceae? (172837 172855 172867 172868 172870 172871 172873 172874 172876 172877 172878 172879 172880 172881 172882 172883 172884) | |
| Pleistocene | Australia (Queensland) | Araliaceae indet. (168819 168888 168891 168892 168893 168904) Araliaceae indet., Schefflera sp. (168889) Schefflera sp. (168890) | |
| Pleistocene | India (Kashmir) | Hedera helix, Hedera nepalensis (224612 224751) | |
| Quaternary | India (Tamil Nadu) | Araliaceae indet. (228849) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Holocene | Australia (Queensland) | Araliaceae indet. (168896) | |
| Holocene | Australia (Queensland) | Schefflera sp. (168937) |