| Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
| Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Gymnospermopsida
Taxonomy
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1993 | Gymnospermopsida McIver and Basinger |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Cl. †Gymnospermopsida
show all | hide all
G. †Araucariapollenites Reyre 1973
hide
†Araucariapollenites hungaricus Reyre 1973
†Araucariapollenites laffittei Reyre 1973
†Araucariapollenites liasicus Reyre 1973
†Araucariapollenites pseudoaustralis Reyre 1973
Or. †Corystospermales Thomas 1933
hide
Fm. †Corystospermaceae Thomas 1933
+
G. †Cycadopteris Zigno 1853
+
†Cycadopteris auriculata Bose and Sukh-Dev 1959
†Cycadopteris brauniana Zigno 1861
†Cycadopteris indica Bose and Sukh-Dev 1959
†Cycadopteris majus Bose and Sukh-Dev 1959
†Cycadopteris pulcherrima Bose and Sukh-Dev 1959
†Cycadopteris ungeri Zigno 1853
G. †Dicroidiopsis Frenguelli 1943
+
†Dicroidiopsis crassa Menéndez 1951
†Dicroidiopsis incisa DuToit 1943
G. †Dicroidium Gothan 1912
+
†Dicroidium coriaceum Johnston 1886
†Dicroidium crassinervis Geinitz 1876
†Dicroidium dubium Feistmantel 1878
+
Invalid names: Sphenopteris bergina Jones and de Jersey 1947 [synonym]
†Dicroidium elongatum Carruthers 1872
†Dicroidium eskense Walkom 1928
†Dicroidium feistmantelii Johnston 1847
†Dicroidium fremouwensis Pigg 1990
†Dicroidium giarensis Pal 1984
†Dicroidium gopadensis Bose and Srivastava 1971
†Dicroidium irnensis Abu Hamad et al. 2008
†Dicroidium jordanensis Abu Hamad et al. 2008
†Dicroidium natalense Frenguelli 1943
†Dicroidium nidpurensis Bose and Srivastava 1971
†Dicroidium odontopteroides Morris 1845
+
Invalid names: Thinnfeldia subtrigona Feistmantel 1879 [synonym]
†Dicroidium papillosum Bose and Srivastava 1971
†Dicroidium prolungatum Menéndez 1951
†Dicroidium robustum Abu Hamad et al. 2008
†Dicroidium sahnii Seward 1932
†Dicroidium shirleyi Holmes 1982
†Dicroidium spinifolium Tenison-Woods 1883
†Dicroidium stelznerianum Geinitz 1876
†Dicroidium superbum Shirley 1898
†Dicroidium voiseyi Holmes and Ash 1979
†Dicroidium zuberi Szajnocha 1888
G. †Pteruchus Thomas 1933
+
†Pteruchus dubius Thomas 1933
†Pteruchus gopadensis Pant and Basu 1979
†Pteruchus indicus Pant and Basu 1973
†Pteruchus johnstonii Feistmantel 1890
+
Invalid names: Pteruchus africanus Thomas 1933 [synonym], Stachyopitys annularioides Shirley 1898 [synonym]
†Pteruchus nidpurensis Srivastava 1975
†Pteruchus rhaetica Geinitz 1876
†Pteruchus thomasii Pant and Basu 1979
G. †Umkomasia Thomas 1933
+
†Umkomasia cacheutensis Frenguelli 1942
†Umkomasia distans Holmes 1987
†Umkomasia macleani Thomas 1933
†Umkomasia polycarpa Holmes 1987
†Umkomasia sessilis Holmes 1987
Invalid names: Beania geminata Shirley 1898 [nomen dubium], Karibacarpon Lacey 1974 [synonym], Pilophorosperma Thomas 1933 [synonym]
Invalid names: Umkomastiaceae [replaced]
G. †Doylea Stockey and Rothwell 2009
G. †Laevigatasporites Potonié and Gelletich 1933
G. †Laricoidites Potonie et al. 1958
hide
†Laricoidites communis Sah and Jain 1965
†Laricoidites desquamatus Goubin 1965
†Laricoidites gigantus Brenner 1963
†Laricoidites indicus Singh et al. 1964
†Laricoidites kutchensis Venkatachala et al. 1968
G. †Leioaletes Staplin
G. †Ovalipollis Krutzsch 1955
hide
†Ovalipollis breviformis Krutzsch 1955
†Ovalipollis lunzenzis Klaus 1960
†Ovalipollis pseudoalutus Krutzsch 1955
G. †Singhia Srivastava 1967
hide
†Singhia acicularis Lima 1980
†Singhia crenulata de Lima 1980
†Singhia elongata de Lima 1980
†Singhia minima Lima 1980
†Singhia montanaensis Lima 1980
†Singhia multicostata Lima 1980
†Singhia punctata de Lima 1980
†Singhia reyrei de Lima 1980
†Singhia urwashii Srivastava 1967
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available
Age range: base of the Tournaisian to the top of the Early/Lower Eocene or 358.90000 to 48.60000 Ma
Collections (217 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tournaisian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | G. Frond A (10675 10677 36240) G. Frond A, G. Ovulate cupule C (36224) G. Frond A, G. Pollen organ C (36239 36276 36278) G. Frond A, G. Pollen organ C, G. Pollen organ D, G. Sphenopterid pinnule 1, G. Sphenopterid pinnule 4 (10674) G. Frond A, G. Pollen organ C, G. Stem H, G. Ovulate cupule D (10671) G. Petiole 1, G. Petiole 2, G. Sphenopterid foliage 1, G. Ovule 2, G. Ovule 3, G. Sphenopterid foliage 2, G. Ovulate cupule 2 (10676) G. Stem 2, G. Petiole 1, G. Petiole 2, G. Sphenopterid foliage 1, G. Sphenopterid foliage 2, G. Sphenopterid foliage 3, G. Ovulate cupule 2, G. Ovule 2, G. Ovule 3 (10672) G. Stem I, G. Frond A, G. Pollen organ C, G. Petiole 1, G. Petiole 2, G. Sphenopterid foliage 1, G. Ovule 1, G. Ovule 4 (10673) | |
| Permian | Turkey (Diyarbakir) | Dicroidium sp. (27809) | |
| Wordian - Lopingian | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Pteruchus sp. 1, Dicroidium sp. 1, Dicroidium sp. 2, Dicroidium sp. 3 (30173) | |
| Wordian - Lopingian | India | Dicroidium sp. 1 (30172 30178) | |
| Capitanian - Wuchiapingian | Madagascar | Dicroidium sp. 1 (30280) | |
| Lopingian | Jordan | Dicroidium sp., Dicroidium robustum, Dicroidium sp. B, Dicroidium sp. A (231024) | |
| Lopingian - Early/Lower Triassic | India (West Bengal) | Dicroidium sp. (229205) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | Australia (New South Wales) | Pteruchus sp. 1, Dicroidium sp. 1, Dicroidium sp. 2, Dicroidium sp. 3, Karibacarpon sp. 1 (29451) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Dicroidium gopadensis, Dicroidium nidpurensis, Dicroidium papillosum, Pteruchus gopadensis, Pteruchus indicus, Pteruchus nidpurensis, Pteruchus thomasii (30132) Dicroidium sp. (226938 229389) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | Antarctica | Dicroidium sp. 1, Dicroidium sp. 2 (29350) | |
Youngest occurrences |
|||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Late/Upper Aptian | Brazil (Maranhão) | Singhia montanaensis, Singhia minima (150515) | |
| Albian - Cenomanian | Bahamas (Off-shore) | Laricoidites magnus (142271 142272 142273 142274) | |
| Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian | Bahamas (cat Island) | Laricoidites magnus (140569) | |
| Late/Upper Cenomanian | Argentina (Mendoza) | Singhia multicostata (149812) | |
| Campanian | Argentina (Salta) | Singhia sp. (149979) | |
| Lancian | USA (North Dakota) | G. HC311 (48205) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Canada (Alberta) | Laricoidites gigantus (32522) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | Colombia | Laevigatasporites sp. (28565 28567) Laevigatasporites sp., Laevigatasporites tibuensis (28439 28563) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | Australia (Tasmania) | Komlopteris cenozoicus (166741) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | Colombia | Laevigatasporites sp. (29142) | |