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Taxonomy
Malleidae was named by Lamarck (1819) [m. kosnik taxon no: 5113]. It is extant.
It was assigned to Pteriacea by Newell (1965), Adegoke (1977), Vokes (1980), Squires (1984); to Pterioida by El Qot (2006); to Malleoidea by Nevesskaja (2009); and to Pterioidea by Bieler and Mikkelsen (2006), Bouchet et al. (2010), Carter et al. (2011), Moneer et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Pteriacea by Newell (1965), Adegoke (1977), Vokes (1980), Squires (1984); to Pterioida by El Qot (2006); to Malleoidea by Nevesskaja (2009); and to Pterioidea by Bieler and Mikkelsen (2006), Bouchet et al. (2010), Carter et al. (2011), Moneer et al. (2024).
Subtaxa
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1819 | Malleidae Lamarck |
| 1857 | Vulsellidae Adams |
| 1939 | Stefaniniellidae Tavani |
| 1951 | Vulsellidae Eames p. 335 |
| 1965 | Malleidae Newell p. 17 |
| 1977 | Malleidae Adegoke p. 231 |
| 1980 | Malleidae Vokes p. 45 |
| 1984 | Malleidae Squires p. 43 |
| 2006 | Malleidae Bieler and Mikkelsen p. 229 |
| 2006 | Malleidae El Qot p. 32 |
| 2009 | Malleidae Nevesskaja |
| 2010 | Malleidae Bouchet et al. |
| 2011 | Malleidae Carter et al. p. 9 |
| 2024 | Malleidae Moneer et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Malleidae Lamarck 1819
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G. †Bouleigmus
G. †Chalmasia
G. †Heligmina
G. †Heligmopsis
Subfm. Isognomoninae Woodring 1925
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G. Crenatula Lamarck 1803
G. †Gervilleioperna Krumbeck 1923
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Subg. †Gervilleioperna (Gervilleignoma) Aberhan and von Hillebrandt 1996
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†Gervilleioperna (Gervilleignoma) aurita Aberhan and von Hillebrandt 1996
†Gervilleioperna timorensis Krumbeck 1923
G. Isognomon Lightfoot 1786
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Subg. Isognomon (Isognomon) Lightfoot 1786
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†Isognomon (Isognomon) clarki Effinger 1938
†Isognomon (Isognomon) exilis Stoppani 1857
Isognomon (Isognomon) janus Carpenter 1857
†Isognomon (Isognomon) panzana Loel and Corey 1932
†Isognomon (Isognomon) rekohuensis Crampton 1988
Isognomon alatus Gmelin 1791
†Isognomon gariesensis Kensley and Pether 1986
†Isognomon isognomoides Stahl 1824
†Isognomon isognomon Linnaeus 1758
†Isognomon isognomonoides Stahl 1824
†Isognomon legumen Gmelin 1790
†Isognomon maxillata Lamarck 1819
†Isognomon nucleus Lamarck 1819
†Isognomon orientalis Hamlin 1884
Isognomon perna Linnaeus 1767
†Isognomon quadrisulcata Ihering 1897
Isognomon radiatus Anton 1838
†Isognomon repini Hautmann 2001
†Isognomon valvanoi Rossi de Garcia and Levy 1977
Invalid names: Aviculoperna [synonym]
G. †Linsdallia
G. †Mytiloperna
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†Isognomon (Mytiloperna) bathonica Morris and Lycett 1853
†Mytiloperna charlottensis Aberhan 1998
Subfm. Pernariinae Rafinesque 1815
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G. †Rostroperna
Invalid names: Crenatulinae Gray 1854 [empty], Melininae Meek and Hayden 1865 [empty], Pedalionidae Stephenson 1923 [synonym], Pernidae Bohm 1926 [synonym]
G. Malvufundus de Gregorio 1885
G. †Nayadina Munier-Chalmas 1864
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Subg. †Nayadina (Exputens) Clark 1934
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†Nayadina (Exputens) batequensis Squires 1990
†Nayadina (Exputens) ocalensis McNeil 1934
†Nayadina gaudryi Thomas and Peron 1891
G. †Ostreinella
Fm. Pulvinitinae Stephenson 1941
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G. †Hypotrema
G. Pulvinites Blainville 1824
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†Pulvinites adansoni Blainville 1824
†Pulvinites antarctica Zinsmeister 1978
†Pulvinites californica Zinsmeister 1978
†Pulvinites pacifica Zinsmeister 1978
G. Vulsella Ršding 1798
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†Vulsella angusta Deshayes 1858
†Vulsella clarki Vokes 1939
†Vulsella deperdita Lamarck 1819
†Vulsella grandicubitus Eames 1951
†Vulsella laevigata Tate 1886
†Vulsella legumen d'Archiac and Haime 1854
†Vulsella pakistanica Eames 1951
Vulsella vulsella Linnaeus 1758
†Vulsella walleri Adegoke 1977
Invalid names: Malleinae Lamarck 1818 [empty], Stefaniniellidae Tavani 1939 [synonym], Vulsellidae Adams 1857 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: superf = superfamily, o = order, c = class | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan et al. 2004, Sanchez Roig 1926 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Changhsingian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 254.14000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 251.902 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 251.902 Ma
Collections (772 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Changhsingian | China (Guizhou) | Isognomon sp. (108547 108548 108551) | |
| Middle Triassic | Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) | Leproconcha paradoxa (201970) | |
| Ladinian | Japan (Yamaguchi) | Waagenoperna ozawai (40174) | |
| Longobardian | Italy (Trentino) | Edentula lateplanata, Gervillia planata (44953) | |
| Julian | Italy | Isognomon sp. (34692 69661) | |
| Carnian | Japan (Okayama) | Waagenoperna triangularis (40248) | |
| Carnian - Norian | Japan (Yamaguchi) | Waagenoperna triangularis (40179) | |
| Norian | Japan (Okayama) | Waagenoperna triangularis (40249) | |
| Norian | Austria | Isognomon exilis (205954) | |
| Norian | Austria (Kaernten) | Isognomon exilis (129681 129683 129684 129688) | |
| Norian | Hungary | Isognomon exilis (70989 73188 73193) Isognomon sp. (70988) | |
| Sevatian | Italy | Isognomon exilis (201689) | |
| Sevatian | Iran | Isognomon repini (49568) | |
| Rhaetian | Spain | Isognomon exilis (142083) | |
| Rhaetian | Iran | Isognomon repini (48972) | |
| Rhaetian | Italy | Isognomon exilis (38167) | |
| Angulata | Luxembourg | Mytiloperna sp. (149756) | |
| Hettangian | Greenland | Isognomon lugdunensis (162105) | |
| Hettangian | Japan (Miyagi) | Isognomon rikuzenicus (40541) | |
| Early/Lower Jurassic | USA (Oregon) | Lithiotis problematica (41470) | |