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Pterineidae
Taxonomy
Pterineidae was named by Miller (1877).
It was assigned to Pteriacea by Newell (1965), Vokes (1980); to Pterioidea by Anelli et al. (2006), Nevesskaja (2009), Bouchet et al. (2010), Amler (2010); and to Malleidina by Carter et al. (2011).
It was assigned to Pteriacea by Newell (1965), Vokes (1980); to Pterioidea by Anelli et al. (2006), Nevesskaja (2009), Bouchet et al. (2010), Amler (2010); and to Malleidina by Carter et al. (2011).
Subtaxa
Actinodesma (syn. Dolichopteron), Actinopterella, Actinopterellinae, Actinopteria, Ahtioconcha, Alnifia, Anderkenia, Barbosaia, Bolsopteria, Caneyella, Cheiopteria, Cliopteria, Cornellites, Cyrtodontarca, Denticelox, Ectenodesma, Eopterinea, Glyptodesma, Guichiella, Leiopteriinae, Leptodesma (syn. Dozierella), Leptodesmatinae, Limoptera (syn. Myalinodanta), Limopterinae, Merismopteria, Micropteriinae, Molinicola, Nennapteria, Oxytomoidea, Palaeopinna, Palaeopteria, Placopterina, Pseudobakewellia, Pterinea (syn. Caritodens), Pteronitella, Pteronites, Pteronitina, Ptychopteria, Tolmaia, Willipteria, Wuxuanites
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1877 | Pterineidae Miller |
| 1960 | Ahtioconchidae Eberzin |
| 1965 | Pterineidae Newell p. 17 |
| 1980 | Pterineidae Vokes p. 34 |
| 2006 | Pterineidae Anelli et al. p. 1129 |
| 2009 | Pterineidae Nevesskaja |
| 2010 | Pterineidae Amler p. 17 |
| 2010 | Pterineidae Bouchet et al. |
| 2011 | Pterineidae Carter et al. p. 8 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Pterineidae Miller 1877
show all | hide all
G. †Actinodesma Sandberger 1856
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Subg. †Actinodesma (Actinodesma) Sandberger 1856
Subg. †Actinodesma (Asselbergshia) Mallieux 1931
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†Actinodesma (Asselbergshia) annae Frech 1891
†Actinodesma (Asselbergshia) lamellosa Goldfuss 1840
†Asselberghsia obsoleta Goldfuss 1826
†Actinodesma occidentale Hall 1883
Invalid names: Dolichopteron Maurer 1886 [synonym]
G. †Actinopterella Williams 1908
G. †Actinopteria Hall 1884
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†Actinopteria acinaces Talent 1963
†Actinopteria boydi Conrad 1842
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Invalid names: Actinopteria delta Hall 1883 [synonym], Actinopteria epsilon Hall 1883 [synonym]
†Actinopteria modesta Sanchez et al. 1995
†Actinopteria pumila Bogolepova and Kříž 1995
†Actinopteria resplendens Talent 1963
†Ptychopteria (Actinopteria) problematica Chen and Lan 1976
G. †Alnifia Termier and Termier 1950
G. †Anderkenia Khalfin 1958
G. †Caneyella Girty 1910
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†Caneyella peculiaris Girty 1910
†Caneyella richardsoni Girty 1909
†Caneyella wapanuckensis Girty 1909
G. †Cliopteria Williams 1912
G. †Cornellites Williams 1908
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†Cornellites flemingi Bradshaw 1999
†Cornellites johnstoni Bradshaw 1999
†Cornellites mackayi Fleming 1957
†Ptychopteria (Cornellites) fasciculata Goldfuss 1836
G. †Cyrtodontarca Yakovlev 1903
G. †Ectenodesma Hall 1883
G. †Guichiella Li and Ding 1981
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†Guichiella angulata Li and Ding 1981
†Guichiella styliformis Li and Ding 1981
†Guichiella subrotunda Li and Ding 1981
G. †Leptodesma Hall 1883
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Subg. †Leptodesma (Leiopteria) Hall 1883
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†Leiopteria angusticoncha Gemmellaro 1896
†Leiopteria australis Etheridge Jr. 1898
†Leiopteria carrandibbiensis Dickins 1957
†Leiopteria consimilis Gemmellaro 1896
†Leiopteria elegans de Gregorio 1930
†Leiopteria inflata Gemmellaro 1896
†Leiopteria opportuna Barrande 1881
†Leiopteria rafinesquii Hall 1883
†Leiopteria verrucosa Gemmellaro 1892
†Leptodesma (Leiopteria) aviculaeformis Stuckenberg 1898
†Leptodesma (Leiopteria) bonaerensis Harrington 1955
†Leptodesma (Leiopteria) buhaheensis Lu 1986
†Leptodesma (Leiopteria) dutoiti Harrington 1955
†Leptodesma (Leiopteria) pojetai Bradshaw 1999
†Leptodesma (Leiopteria) zhangi Li 1995
Invalid names: Leptodesma (Leiopteria) falcata Xu and Chang 1980 [nomen nudum], Leptodesma (Leiopteria) guizhouensis Xu and Chang 1980 [nomen nudum]
Subg. †Leptodesma (Leptodesma) Hall 1883
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†Leptodesma (Leptodesma) adaroi Amler 2010
†Leptodesma (Leptodesma) anatinum Whidborne 1897
†Leptodesma (Leptodesma) cultellata Whidborne 1897
†Leptodesma (Leptodesma) matheri Elias 1957
†Leptodesma (Leptodesma) occidentale Girty 1927
†Leptodesma (Leptodesma) potens Hall 1883
†Leptodesma (Leptodesma) rhysema Hoare 2007
Subg. †Leptodesma (Springeria) Elias 1957
†Leptodesma bakewellioides Yakovlev 1903
†Leptodesma chidruensis Waagen 1881
†Leptodesma eolus Kindle 1909
†Leptodesma gouldii Beede 1902
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Invalid names: Cyrtodontarca multidentata Beede 1907 [synonym], Cyrtodontarca parallelidentata Beede 1907 [synonym]
†Leptodesma guadalupensis Girty 1909
†Leptodesma indistincta Biakov 2002
†Leptodesma potens Hall 1883
†Leptodesma protextum Conrad 1842
†Leptodesma rogersi Hall 1883
†Leptodesma spinigerum Conrad 1842
†Leptodesma transversa Walcott 1884
†Leptodesma welleri Sayre 1930
†Leptodesma wupperanum Dahmer 1943
†Leptodesma wupperanum eifelense Dahmer 1943
Invalid names: Dozierella Newell 1940 [synonym]
G. †Limoptera Hall 1869
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†Limoptera sarmenticia Walcott 1884
Invalid names: Myalinodanta Oehlert 1881 [synonym]
G. †Merismopteria
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†Merismopteria imbricata Dana 1847
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Invalid names: Modiola crassissima M'Coy 1847 [synonym], Modiolopsis arcodes Dana 1847 [synonym]
†Merismopteria macroptera Morris 1845
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Invalid names: Avicula sublunata de Koninck 1877 [synonym], Avicula tasmanica Johnston 1887 [synonym], Modiolopsis acutifrons Dana 1847 [synonym]
†Merismopteria salinensis Gonzalez 1975
G. †Molinicola Liljedahl 1984
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†Molinicola bohemica Kříž 2008
†Molinicola gotlandica Liljedahl 1984
G. †Pseudobakewellia Noinsky 1913
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†Pseudobakewellia antiquaeformis Noinsky 1913
†Pseudobakewellia ceratophagaeformis Noinskyi 1913
†Pseudobakewellia sedgwickiformis Suveizdis et al. 1975
†Pseudobakewellia trigonalis Suveizdis et al. 1975
†Pseudobakewellia tumidaeformis Suveizdis et al. 1975
G. †Pterinea Goldfuss 1832
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†Pterinea demissa Conrad 1842
†Pterinea flabellum Conrad 1842
†Pterinea goldfussi von Strombeck 1849
†Pterinea mclearni Northrop 1939
†Pterinea newarkensis Walcott 1884
†Pterinea pintoensis Walcott 1884
†Pterinea prolifica Billings 1866
†Pterinea subasperula Kobayashi 1931
†Pterinea thisbe Billings 1866
†Pterinea waylandsmithi Fisher 1957
Invalid names: Caritodens [synonym]
G. †Pteronitella Billings 1874
G. †Pteronites McCoy 1842
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†Pteronites magnus Biakov 2013
†Pteronites timanicus Maslennikov 1935
†Pteronites zhongshengongensis Lu 1986
G. †Pteronitina Khalfin 1950
G. †Ptychopteria Hall 1883
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†Ptychopteria protoforme Walcott 1884
†Ptychopteria pusilla Hoare 1993
†Ptychopteria vespertilio Talent 1963
G. †Willipteria Yancey 2025
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†Willipteria falcata Boyd and Newell 2001
†Willipteria nestelli Yancey 2025
G. †Wuxuanites Pojeta et al. 1986
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†Wuxuanites lanceolatus Pojeta et al. 1986
†Wuxuanites washingtonensis Pojeta et al. 1986
Invalid names: Actinopterellinae Maillieux 1931 [empty], Ahtioconchidae Eberzin 1960 [synonym], Leiopteriinae Maillieux 1920 [empty], Leptodesmatinae Maillieux 1931 [empty], Limopterinae Maillieux 1931 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order, c = class | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004 | |||||
Age range: base of the Moridunian to the top of the Norian or 477.10000 to 205.70000 Ma
Collections (1606 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Moridunian | United Kingdom (Wales) | Palaeopteria sp. (87601) | |
| Dapingian | China | Eopterinea aequiconcha (232223 232224) | |
| Darriwilian | Australia (Northern Territory) | Denticelox tortuosa (79154) | |
| Darriwilian | China (Yunnan) | Eopterinia aequiconcha (241201) | |
| Letna - Harnagian | Czechia | Leptodesma patricia (3861) | |
| Zahorany - Late/Upper Ordovician | Czechia | Leptodesma improvisa (3865) | |
| Harnagian - Soudleyan | Norway (Hamar -Nes) | Leptodesma transversa (162624) | |
| Caradoc | USA (Ohio) | Caritodens demissa (64423 64425) | |
| Caradoc | Canada (Quebec) | Pterinea demissa (77222) | |
| Caradoc - Katian | Bolivia (General de Saavedra) | Pterinea sp. (9102) | |
Youngest occurrences |
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| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Changhsingian | China (Fujian) | Leptodesma sp. (95479) Leptodesma zhangi (111733) | |
| Changhsingian | Pakistan | Avicula chidruensis (81504 89061) | |
| Changhsingian | USA (Texas) | Dozierella gouldii (50001 50021) | |
| Changhsingian | Nepal | Merismopteria sp., Pterineidae indet. (62447) | |
| Changhsingian | Japan | Leptodesma sp. (115234) | |
| Griesbachian | China (Sichuan) | Guichiella angulata (89357) | |
| Smithian | China (Anhui) | Guichiella angulata (111493) Guichiella angulata, Guichiella styliformis, Guichiella subrotunda (95656) | |
| Anisian | Germany (Hessen) | Gervilleia goldfussi (38545) | |
| Anisian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Gervillia goldfussi (206384) | |
| Norian | Malaysia (Pahang) | Actinodesma sp. (204428) | |