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Taxonomy
Caperea was named by Gray (1864). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Ekdale et al. (2011).
It was reranked as Balaena (Caperea) by Gray (1864); it was synonymized subjectively with Balaena by Brandt (1873).
It was assigned to Balaena by Gray (1864); to Balaeninae by Fraser and Purves (1960); to Balaenidae by Gray (1866), Gray (1868), Gray (1871), Brandt (1872), Palmer (1904), Scheffer and Rice (1963) and Hershkovitz (1966); to Neobalaenidae by Rice (1998), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Mead and Brownell (2005), Bouetel and Muizon (2006), Steeman (2007), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Geisler et al. (2011), Ekdale et al. (2011), Gol'din and Steeman (2015), Boessenecker and Fordyce (2015), Berta (2017) and Gol'din (2018); and to Neobalaeninae by Fordyce and Marx (2013), Tsai and Fordyce (2015), Marx and Fordyce (2015), Marx et al. (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Marx et al. (2018) and Govender and Marx (2023).
It was reranked as Balaena (Caperea) by Gray (1864); it was synonymized subjectively with Balaena by Brandt (1873).
It was assigned to Balaena by Gray (1864); to Balaeninae by Fraser and Purves (1960); to Balaenidae by Gray (1866), Gray (1868), Gray (1871), Brandt (1872), Palmer (1904), Scheffer and Rice (1963) and Hershkovitz (1966); to Neobalaenidae by Rice (1998), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Mead and Brownell (2005), Bouetel and Muizon (2006), Steeman (2007), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Geisler et al. (2011), Ekdale et al. (2011), Gol'din and Steeman (2015), Boessenecker and Fordyce (2015), Berta (2017) and Gol'din (2018); and to Neobalaeninae by Fordyce and Marx (2013), Tsai and Fordyce (2015), Marx and Fordyce (2015), Marx et al. (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Marx et al. (2018) and Govender and Marx (2023).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1864 | Balaena (Caperea) Gray p. 202 |
| 1864 | Caperea Gray p. 202 figs. Fig. 2 |
| 1866 | Caperea Gray p. 101 |
| 1868 | Caperea Gray p. 1 |
| 1870 | Neobalaena Gray p. 124 |
| 1871 | Neobalaena Gray p. 39 |
| 1871 | Caperea Gray p. 45 |
| 1872 | Caperea Brandt p. 119 |
| 1872 | Neobalaena Brandt p. 119 |
| 1904 | Caperea Palmer p. 157 |
| 1904 | Neobalaena Palmer p. 452 |
| 1904 | Neobalaena Trouessart p. 786 |
| 1912 | Neobalaena Turner p. 29 |
| 1921 | Neobalaena Winge p. 7 |
| 1923 | Neobalaena Miller p. 40 |
| 1926 | Neobalaena Oliver Schneider p. 154 |
| 1928 | Neobalaena Weber p. 389 |
| 1945 | Neobalaena Simpson p. 105 |
| 1960 | Caperea Fraser and Purves p. 112 figs. Figure 26 |
| 1963 | Caperea Scheffer and Rice p. 9 |
| 1966 | Caperea Hershkovitz p. 183 |
| 1998 | Caperea Rice p. 65 |
| 2003 | Caperea Geisler and Sanders p. 27 |
| 2005 | Caperea Mead and Brownell p. 726 |
| 2006 | Caperea Bouetel and Muizon p. 387 |
| 2007 | Caperea Steeman p. 880 |
| 2008 | Caperea Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 981 figs. Fig. 5 |
| 2011 | Caperea Ekdale et al. p. 39 |
| 2011 | Caperea Geisler et al. pp. 6, 28 figs. Table 1 |
| 2013 | Caperea Fordyce and Marx p. 4 |
| 2015 | Caperea Boessenecker and Fordyce figs. Table 1 |
| 2015 | Caperea Gol'din and Steeman p. 13 figs. Figure 10 |
| 2015 | Caperea Marx and Fordyce p. 4 figs. Figure 2 |
| 2015 | Caperea Tsai and Fordyce p. 1 |
| 2016 | Caperea Marx et al. p. 22 figs. Figure 10 |
| 2016 | Caperea Marx et al. p. 110 |
| 2017 | Caperea Berta p. 167 |
| 2018 | Caperea Gol'din p. 23 figs. Fig. 14 |
| 2018 | Caperea Marx et al. p. 2 |
| 2023 | Caperea Govender and Marx p. 12 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Caperea Gray 1864
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Caperea marginata Gray 1846 [pygmy right whale]
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Invalid names: Balaena (Caperea) antipodarum Gray 1864 [synonym]
Invalid names: Neobalaena Gray 1870 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| Reference: Uhen 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Messinian to the top of the Holocene or 7.24600 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 5.333 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 5.333 Ma
Collections (16 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neogene | South Africa | C. sp. (230126) | |
| Messinian | Australia (Victoria) | C. sp. (46167) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Italy (Sicily) | C. sp. (189318) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan (Okinawa) | C. sp. (189317) | |
| Holocene | Australia (New South Wales) | C. marginata (71936) | |
| Holocene | Argentina | C. marginata (167976) | |
| Holocene | South Africa | C. marginata (71937 167977) | |
| Holocene | Australia (Tasmania) | C. marginata (71934 71938 71940) | |
| Holocene | Antarctica (Western Australia) | C. marginata (167979) | |
| Holocene | New Zealand | C. marginata (71935 71939) | |
| Holocene | Australia (Western Australia) | C. marginata (167978) | |
| Holocene | Chile | C. marginata (167975) |