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Ceractinomorpha
Taxonomy
Ceractinomorpha was named by Levi (1953). It is extant.
It was assigned to Demospongea by Stanley (1998), Senowbari-Daryan and Stanley (1998), Finks et al. (2004), Rigby et al. (2008) and Rigby et al. (2009).
It was assigned to Demospongea by Stanley (1998), Senowbari-Daryan and Stanley (1998), Finks et al. (2004), Rigby et al. (2008) and Rigby et al. (2009).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1953 | Ceractinomorpha Levi |
| 1998 | Ceractinomorpha Senowbari-Daryan and Stanley |
| 1998 | Ceractinomorpha Stanley, Jr. |
| 2004 | Ceractinomorpha Finks et al. p. 594 |
| 2008 | Ceractinomorpha Rigby et al. |
| 2009 | Ceractinomorpha Rigby et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subcl. Ceractinomorpha Levi 1953
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Or. Sigmatosclerophorida Burton 1956
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Or. Vaceletida Finks et al. 2004
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Fm. †Polytubithalamiidae Senowbari-Daryan et al. 2015
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G. †Polytubithalamia Senowbari-Daryan et al. 2015
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†Polytubithalamia perforata Senowbari-Daryan et al. 2015
Or. Verongida Bergquist 1978
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Fm. †Verongiidae de Laubenfels 1936
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G. †Aplysinofibria Bolkhovitinova 1923
G. Verongia Bowerbank 1845
Invalid names: Halisarcida Bergquist 1996 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subc = subclass, c = class | |||||
| References: Whittington et al. 1997, Kiessling 2004, Bambach et al. 2007 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Blackhillsian to the top of the Late/Upper Sinemurian or 474.90000 to 189.60000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 470.3 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 470.3 Ma
Collections (42 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blackhillsian - Rangerian | USA (Idaho) | Loganiella johnsoni (120818) | |
| Caradoc | USA (Alabama) | Dystactospongia sp. (80602) | |
| Caradoc | USA (Virginia) | Dystactospongia minor (34272 34273 34276) Dystactospongia sp. (33549 33550 33927 33929 33930 33932 33933 34224 34235 34237 34241 34243 34244 34245 34246) | |
| Turinian | USA (Tennessee) | Dystactospongia sp. (5347) | |
| Ashbyan | USA (Virginia) | Dystactospongia sp. (33938 33980 33981 33982 33983 33984) | |
| Rocklandian | USA (Tennessee) | Dystactospongia minor (5333) | |
| Maysvillian | USA (Tennessee) | Dystactospongia insolens (5374) Dystactospongia sp., Heterospongia subramosa (5390) | |
| Maysvillian | USA (Ohio) | Dystactospongia sp. (388) | |
| Richmondian | USA (Indiana) | Dystactospongia madisonensis (121050) Dystactospongia sp. (374) | |
| Richmondian - Ashgill | USA (Ohio) | Dystactospongia sp. (392 394) | |
| Rawtheyan | United Kingdom (Wales) | Heterospongia indet. (8370) | |
| Early/Lower Emsian | USA (Alaska) | Medfraspongia tubulara (49107) | |
| Kungurian | USA (Texas) | Ceractinomorpha indet. (122215 122221) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | Italy | Polytubithalamia perforata (170144) | |
| Sevatian | Tajikistan | Platysphaerocoelia aksuensis (36695) | |
| Late/Upper Sinemurian | Italy (Prealpi Bellunesi) | Ceractinomorpha indet. (38081) |