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Panthera pardus (leopard)

Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae

Taxonomy
Felis pardus was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant. Its type specimen is 1.

It was recombined as Panthera pardus by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1985), Capasso Barbato and Gliozzi (1995), Geraads (1997), Johnson et al. (2006), Breitenmoser and Breitenmoser (2017).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
P. imperialis, P. issiodorensis, P. schaubi, P. crassidens

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Felis pardus Linnaeus p. 41
1911Felis pardus Thomas p. 135
1927Felis pardus Boule and De Villeneuve p. 75 figs. Pls 14-16
1985Panthera pardus International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature p. 365
1995Panthera pardus Capasso Barbato and Gliozzi p. 241
1997Panthera pardus Geraads p. 144
2006Panthera pardus Johnson et al. p. 74
2017Panthera pardus Breitenmoser and Breitenmoser p. 73

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—Pancarnivora
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
suborderFeliformiaKretzoi 1945
superfamilyFeloideaHay 1930
familyFelidae
subfamilyFelinaeTrouessart 1885
genusPantheraOken 1816
speciespardus()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Panthera pardus Linnaeus 1758 [leopard]
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmean

Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: scansorialf
Diet: carnivoreg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2009-01-04 14:11:24
Modified: 2009-01-04 16:11:24
Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991, Van Valkenburgh 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Pliocene to the top of the Holocene or 3.60000 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (104 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Ethiopia Panthera pardus (21755)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58South Africa Panthera pardus (21821 22355 22356 22357)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Tanzania (Eastern Drift Valley) Panthera pardus (32050)
Pliocene - Calabrian5.333 - 0.774South Africa Panthera pardus (21791)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Morocco Panthera pardus (32052)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Pleistocene3.6 - 0.0117South Africa Panthera pardus (22331 22332)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774South Africa (Gauteng) Panthera pardus (183152)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774France (Alpes Maritimes) Panthera pardus (50342)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Türkiye Panthera pardus (39314)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Germany (Thüringen) Panthera pardus (43020)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774China ( Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) Panthera pardus (214689)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774China (Guanxi) Felis pardus (230994)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Algeria Panthera pardus (69723)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774South Africa Panthera pardus (21824 21826 21827 95150)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Israel Panthera pardus (39252)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Italy (Verona) Panthera pardus (43656)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Italy (Toscana) Pardus pardus (36373)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Kenya Panthera pardus (21963)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Morocco Panthera pardus (22489)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117South Africa Panthera pardus (21695 21825 21828 21829 21916 21929 21931 21956 22329 115191)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117China (Yunnan) Panthera pardus (36585)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Congo-Kinshasa Panthera pardus (22074)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Eswatini Panthera pardus (21925)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Morocco Panthera pardus (21856 21857 21859)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0South Africa Panthera pardus (21948 21949 21951)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774South Africa Felis pardus (21961)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Tanzania (Lake Natron Basin) Panthera pardus (22553 22578)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Germany (Baden-Wuerttemberg) Panthera pardus (50199)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Italy (Verona) Felis pardus (43650 43651 43664) Panthera pardus (43649)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Monaco Felis pardus (191729)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Italy (Lazio Region) Felis pardus (36134)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Guizhou) Panthera pardus (51100)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Morocco Panthera pardus (42866)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Hubei) Panthera pardus (234753)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Türkiye Panthera pardus (43008)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Italy (Molise) Panthera pardus (189988)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Guangdong) Panthera pardus (40341)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) Panthera pardus (36206)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Thailand (Chaiyaphum) Panthera pardus (237787)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Italy (Capri Island) Felis pardus (43016)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Austria (Niederoesterreich) Panthera pardus (50258)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Czechia Panthera pardus (36214)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Kenya Panthera pardus (21276)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117China (Guangdong) Panthera pardus (13293)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117China (Guangxi) Felis pardus (235737)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Greece (Lakonia) Panthera pardus (32062 32082)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Tanzania Panthera pardus (21893)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Taiwan Panthera pardus (223322)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117China (Hunan) Panthera pardus (36729 36730)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Italy (Capri Island) Panthera pardus (189984)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Thailand (Chaiyaphum) Panthera pardus (237788)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Israel (Mount Carmel) Panthera pardus (11803)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Italy (Campania) Panthera pardus (189983 189985 189986)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Italy (Cremona) Panthera pardus (189981)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Monaco Felis pardus (191722)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Peloponnese) Panthera pardus (204955)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117France (Poitou-Charentes) Panthera pardus (43631)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Ioannina) Felis pardus (208565)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Italy (Lazio) Panthera pardus (189987)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Spain Panthera pardus (90036 197938)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Portugal Panthera pardus (197768)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece Panthera pardus (203847)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Greece (Peloponnesus) Panthera pardus (184243)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0South Africa Panthera pardus (21922)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Netherlands Panthera pardus (55533)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa (Orange Free) Panthera pardus (21912 21943)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa Panthera pardus (21918 21940 96973)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Kenya Panthera pardus (21933)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa (N. Transraal) Panthera pardus (21693)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Tanzania Panthera pardus (21690)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Sudan Panthera pardus (208786 208787)