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Scombridae
Taxonomy
Scomberoidei was named by Rafinesque (1815). It is extant.
It was corrected as Scomberoides by Owen (1854); it was corrected as Scombridae by Weiler (1938), David (1943), Danil'chenko (1960), Jordan (1963), Casier (1966), Uyeno and Fujui (1975), Danil'chenko (1980), Weems (1999), Purdy et al. (2001), Monsch et al. (2005), Monsch and Bannikov (2011), Schwarzhans and Bratischko (2011), Fierstine et al. (2012), Miya et al. (2013), Betancur et al. (2013), Bannikov (2014), Nelson et al. (2016), Přikryl et al. (2016), Carnevale and Godfrey (2018), Ebersole et al. (2019), Cicimurri et al. (2025).
It was assigned to Acanthopteri by Owen (1854); to Teleostomi by Weiler (1938); to Scombriformes by Jordan (1963); to Scombroidea by David (1943), Casier (1966), Monsch and Bannikov (2011); to Pelagia by Miya et al. (2013); to Scombriformes by Betancur et al. (2013), Nelson et al. (2016); to Perciformes by Uyeno and Fujui (1975), Danil'chenko (1980), Weems (1999), Purdy et al. (2001), Přikryl et al. (2016), Carnevale and Godfrey (2018); and to Scombroidei by Danil'chenko (1960), Monsch et al. (2005), Schwarzhans and Bratischko (2011), Fierstine et al. (2012), Bannikov (2014), Ebersole et al. (2019), Cicimurri et al. (2025).
It was corrected as Scomberoides by Owen (1854); it was corrected as Scombridae by Weiler (1938), David (1943), Danil'chenko (1960), Jordan (1963), Casier (1966), Uyeno and Fujui (1975), Danil'chenko (1980), Weems (1999), Purdy et al. (2001), Monsch et al. (2005), Monsch and Bannikov (2011), Schwarzhans and Bratischko (2011), Fierstine et al. (2012), Miya et al. (2013), Betancur et al. (2013), Bannikov (2014), Nelson et al. (2016), Přikryl et al. (2016), Carnevale and Godfrey (2018), Ebersole et al. (2019), Cicimurri et al. (2025).
It was assigned to Acanthopteri by Owen (1854); to Teleostomi by Weiler (1938); to Scombriformes by Jordan (1963); to Scombroidea by David (1943), Casier (1966), Monsch and Bannikov (2011); to Pelagia by Miya et al. (2013); to Scombriformes by Betancur et al. (2013), Nelson et al. (2016); to Perciformes by Uyeno and Fujui (1975), Danil'chenko (1980), Weems (1999), Purdy et al. (2001), Přikryl et al. (2016), Carnevale and Godfrey (2018); and to Scombroidei by Danil'chenko (1960), Monsch et al. (2005), Schwarzhans and Bratischko (2011), Fierstine et al. (2012), Bannikov (2014), Ebersole et al. (2019), Cicimurri et al. (2025).
Subtaxa
Acanthocybiinae, Acanthonotos, Ardiodus, Cariniceps, Caucombrus, Cybium, Eoscomber, Eoscombrus, Eucynodus, Gasterochismatinae, Gasteronemus, Godsilia, Lepidocybium, Ocystias, Pelamys, Pneumatophorus, Pseudauxides, Sardinae, Sardini, Scomber, Scomberodon, Scombridarum, Scombrinae, Scombrinus, Scombrosarda, Thunnoscomberoides, Toxopoma, Tunita, Turio, Wetherellus, Xestias
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1854 | Scomberoides Owen p. 159 |
| 1938 | Scombridae Weiler p. 19 |
| 1943 | Scombridae David p. 29 |
| 1960 | Scombridae Danil'chenko p. 158 |
| 1963 | Scombridae Jordan p. 679 |
| 1966 | Scombridae Casier p. 262 |
| 1975 | Scombridae Uyeno and Fujui |
| 1980 | Scombridae Danil'chenko p. 152 |
| 1999 | Scombridae Weems p. 66 |
| 2001 | Scombridae Purdy et al. p. 179 |
| 2005 | Scombridae Monsch et al. p. 276 |
| 2011 | Scombridae Monsch and Bannikov p. 270 |
| 2011 | Scombridae Schwarzhans and Bratischko p. 105 |
| 2012 | Scombridae Fierstine et al. p. 145 |
| 2013 | Scombridae Betancur et al. |
| 2013 | Scombridae Miya et al. p. 9 |
| 2014 | Scombridae Bannikov p. 30 |
| 2016 | Scombridae Nelson et al. p. 416 |
| 2016 | Scombridae Přikryl et al. |
| 2018 | Scombridae Carnevale and Godfrey p. 190 |
| 2019 | Scombridae Ebersole et al. p. 173 |
| 2025 | Scombridae Cicimurri et al. p. 85 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Scombridae Rafinesque 1815
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G. †Cybium Cuvier 1829
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†Cybium bartonense Woodward 1901
†Cybium bleekeri Storms 1892
†Cybium excelsum Woodward 1901
†Cybium loczyi Weiler 1938
†Cybium macropomum Agassiz 1839
Subfm. Gasterochismatinae
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G. †Gasteronemus Agassiz 1833
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†Gasteronemus oblongus Agassiz 1833
†Gasteronemus rhombeus Volta 1796
G. †Lepidocybium Gill
G. †Pelamys Cuvier and Valenciennes 1831
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†Pelamys delheidi Leriche 1905
†Pelamys robusta Van Beneden 1871
Tr. †Sardini Starks 1910
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G. Gymnosarda Gill 1863
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†Gymnosarda disodilica Ciobanu 1977
†Gymnosarda prisca Monsch 2000
†Gymnosarda unicolor Ruppell 1838
†Gymnosarda zsivnyi Weiler 1938
G. Sarda Lacépède 1802
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Sarda australis Macleay 1881
Sarda chiliensis lineolata Girard 1859
†Sarda delheidi Leriche 1905
†Sarda memorabilis Danil'chenko 1980
Sarda orientalis Temminck and Schlegel 1844
†Sarda rara Bannikov 1979
†Sarda remota Danil'chenko 1980
†Sarda roulei Arambourg 1927
†Sarda sarda Bloch 1791
†Sarda stockii David 1943
G. Scomber Linnaeus 1758
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Scomber australasicus Cuvier 1832
†Scomber caucasica Bogachev 1933
Scomber colias Gmelin 1789
†Scomber cubanicus Danil'chenko 1960
†Scomber gnarus Bannikov 1979
Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782
†Scomber oligocenicus Pauca 1929
Scomber regalis Bloch 1793
†Scomber sanctaemonicae Jordan 1919
Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758
†Scomber voitestii Pauca 1929
G. †Scombridarum Rifinesque 1815
Subfm. †Scombrinae Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1815
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Tr. †Eocoelopomini Monsch and Bannikov 2011
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G. †Eocoelopoma Woodward 1901
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†Eocoelopoma colei Woodward 1901
†Eocoelopoma curvatum Woodward 1901
†Eocoelopoma gigas Casier 1966
†Eocoelopoma hopwoodi Casier 1966
†Eocoelopoma portentosa Bannikov 1985
Tr. Scomberomorini Starks 1910
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G. †Neocybium Leriche 1906
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†Neocybium parvidentatum Monsch and Bannikov 2011
†Neocybium rostratum Leriche 1908
G. Scomberomorus Lacépède 1802
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†Scomberomorus avitus Bannikov 1985
†Scomberomorus bleekeri Storms 1892
Scomberomorus brasilensis Collette et al. 1978
Scomberomorus cavalla Cuvier 1829
Scomberomorus commerson Lacepède 1800
Scomberomorus concolor Lockington 1879
Scomberomorus guttatus Bloch and Schneider 1801
Scomberomorus koreanus Kishinouye 1915
Scomberomorus lineolatus Cuvier 1831
Scomberomorus maculatus Mitchill 1815
Scomberomorus multiradiatus Munro 1964
Scomberomorus niphonius Cuvier 1832
†Scomberomorus plumieri Lacepede 1802
Scomberomorus plurilineatus Fourmanoir 1966
†Scomberomorus priscus Casier 1966
Scomberomorus queenslandicus Munro 1943
Scomberomorus regalis Bloch 1793
†Scomberomorus saevus Bannikov 1982
Scomberomorus semifasciatus Macleay 1883
Scomberomorus sierra Jordan 1895
Scomberomorus sinensis Lacepède 1800
†Scomberomorus stormsi Leriche 1905
Scomberomorus tritor Cuvier 1832
Tr. †Scombrini Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1815
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G. †Auxides Jordan 1919
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†Auxides cernegurae Ciobanu 1977
†Auxides devia Danilt'chenko 1962
†Auxides propterygius Agassiz 1835
†Auxides sanctaemonicae Jordan 1919
†Auxides turkmenica Daniltshenko 1968
G. Rastrelliger Jordan and Starks 1908
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Rastrelliger brachysoma Bleeker 1851
Rastrelliger faughni Matsui 1967
Rastrelliger kanagurta Cuvier 1816
Tr. Thunnini Starks 1910
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G. Auxis Cuvier 1829
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Auxis rochei eudorax Collette and Aadland 1996
Auxis thazard thazard Lacepède 1800
G. Euthynnus Jordan and Gilbert 1882
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Euthynnus affinis Cantor 1849
Euthynnus alletteratus Rafinesque 1810
Euthynnus lineatus Kishinouye 1920
G. Thunnus South 1845
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†Thunnus abchazicus Danil’chenko 1951
Thunnus alalunga Bonnaterre 1788
Thunnus albacares Bonnaterre 1788
Thunnus atlanticus Lesson 1831
†Thunnus krambergeri Pauca 1931
†Thunnus lanceolatus Agassiz 1835
†Thunnus latior Agassiz 1835
Thunnus maccoyii Castelnau 1872
Thunnus obesus Lowe 1839
Thunnus orientalis Temminck and Schlegel 1844
†Thunnus secretus Bannikov 1979
Thunnus thynnus Linnaeus 1758
Thunnus tonggol Bleeker 1851
Invalid names: Albacora Jordan 1888 [synonym], Orcynus Agassiz 1835 [replaced], Thynnus Cuvier 1816 [objective synonym]
G. †Scombrinus Woodward 1901
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†Scombrinus dunedinensis Chapman 1935
†Scombrinus nuchalis Woodward 1901
G. †Wetherellus Casier 1966
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†Wetherellus brevior Casier 1966
†Wetherellus cristatus Agassiz 1844
†Wetherellus longior Casier 1966
Invalid names: Acanthocybiinae Starks 1910 [empty], Sardinae Starks 1910 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| Reference: Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Thanetian to the top of the Holocene or 59.24000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 56.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 56.0 Ma
Collections (165 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Selandian - Thanetian | Ukraine | Scombridarum sp. (159509) | |
| Thanetian | USA (Maryland) | Cybium sp. (84045) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | USA (Mississippi) | Cybium proosti (164192) | |
| Ypresian | United Kingdom | Eocoelopoma sp., Gymnosarda sp., Acanthocybium sp., Eothynnus salmoneus, Scombrinus nuchalis, Eocoelopoma colei, Sardini indet., Gymnosarda prisca, Acanthocybiinae indet., Palaeocybium proosti, Eocoelopoma curvatum, Eocoelopoma gigas, Micrornatus hopwoodi, Wetherellus cristatus, Woodwardella patellifrons, Thunnini indet. (215472) | |
| Ypresian | Senegal | Auxides huberti, Eoscomber senegalicus (190952) | |
| Ypresian | USA (Maryland ) | Cybium sp., Sarda delheidi (124192) | |
| Ypresian | United Kingdom (England) | Eocoelopoma sp. (8050 76601) Eothynnus salmoneus, Scombrinus nuchalis, Gymnosarda prisca, Cybium proosti, Wetherellus cristatus, Woodwardella patellifrons, Thunnini indet., Wetherellus brevior, Wetherellus longior, Scombrinus macropomus (13299) Scombrinus nuchalis (185905) | |
| Ypresian | Belgium | Cybium proosti (219003 219008) Cybium proosti, Cybium stormsi, Cybium bleekeri (219005) Scomber sp., Cybium proosti, Cybium stormsi (219006) Scomber sp., Cybium proosti, Cybium stormsi, Cybium bleekeri, Pelamys delheidi (219001) | |
| Ypresian | Turkmenistan | Auxides turkmenicus, Palaeothunnus parvidentatus, Scomberomorus avitus, Eocoelopoma portentosum (186444) | |
| Ypresian | Belgium (Brabant) | Pelamys sp. (188444) | |
| Ypresian | Italy | Auxides propterygius, Thunnoscomberoides bolcensis, Godsilia lanceolata (94830) Orcynus lanceolatus, Orcynus latior, Thynnus bolcensis (55239) | |
| Ypresian - Lutetian | USA (Alabama) | Gymnosarda sp., Scomberomorus sp., Scomberomorus bleekeri, Scombridae indet., Palaeocybium proosti, Scomberomorus stormsi (81179) Scomberomorus bleekeri, Scomberomorus stormsi (209524) | |
| Eocene | France | Pelamys sp. (220174) | |
| Wasatchian | USA (Virginia) | Scomberomorus sp., Scombrinus sp., Acanthocybium proosti, Sarda delheidi, Scomberomorus bleekeri (15595) | |
| Heretaungan | New Zealand (South Island) | Portheus dunedinensis (235921) | |
| Lutetian | USA (Texas) | Cybium proosti (209370 209371) | |
| Lutetian | Ukraine (Luhansk) | Cybium sp. (120885) | |
| Lutetian | Germany (Lower Saxony,) | Scombridarum euodus (188954) | |
| Lutetian | USA (California) | Scombridae indet. (200654) | |
| Lutetian | United Kingdom (England) | Cybium proosti (41888 41994 41996 41998) Cybium sp., Cybium proosti (41989 41992) | |