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Spalacinae (blind mole)

Osteichthyes - Rodentia - Muridae

Taxonomy
Spalacinae was named by Thomas (1896). It is extant.

It was assigned to Cricetidae by de Bruijn et al. (1970); to Spalacidae by Steppan et al. (2004), Vasileiadou and Koufos (2005); and to Muridae by de Bruijn et al. (2006), de Bruijn (2017).

Subtaxa
Debruijnia, Pliospalax, Spalax (syn. Glis), Vetusspalax
Entered
by L. van den Hoek Ostende on 2006-12-30; modified by J. Alroy on 2013-04-30

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1896Spalacinae Thomas
1970Spalacinae de Bruijn et al. p. 559
2004Spalacinae Steppan et al. p. 547
2005Spalacinae Vasileiadou and Koufos p. 205
2006Spalacinae de Bruijn et al. p. 63
2017Spalacinae de Bruijn

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—EuarchontogliresMurphy et al. 2001
—GliriformesWyss and Meng 1996
—Glires()
—Simplicidentata()
orderRodentia
infraorderMyodontaSchaub 1958
superfamilyMuroideaIlliger 1811
—Eumuroida
familyMuridaeIlliger 1811
subfamilySpalacinaeThomas 1896
subfamilySpalacinaeThomas 1896

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Spalacinae Thomas 1896 [blind mole]
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G. †Debruijnia Ünay 1996
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†Debruijnia kostakii de Bruijn 2017
G. †Pliospalax Kormos 1932
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†Pliospalax macoveii Simionescu 1930
G. Spalax Güldenstadt 1770
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Spalax microphthalmus Gülden 1770 [greater mole rat]
+
Invalid names: Mus typhla Kerr 1792 [synonym]
†Spalax sotirisi de Bruijn et al. 1970
Invalid names: Glis Erxleben 1777 [replaced]
G. †Vetusspalax de Bruijn et al. 2013
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†Vetusspalax progressus de Bruijn et al. 2013
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: herbivoref
Diet 2: insectivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-26 13:15:11
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1991

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Eocene to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 37.71000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma

Collections (82 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9Serbia (Pirotska oblast ) Spalacinae sp. (196835)
Late/Upper Oligocene27.3 - 23.04Serbia Spalacinae indet. (206015)
MP 3027.3 - 23.04Bosnia and Herzegovina Spalacinae n. gen. (183547)
MN 320.0 - 16.9Türkiye (Manisa) Debruijnia arpati (69303)
MN 416.9 - 15.98Greece (Thrace) Debruijnia sp. (69435)
MN 4 - MN 516.9 - 13.82Greece (Macedonia) Pliospalax sp. (73861)
MN 5 - MN 615.98 - 12.75Türkiye (Ankara) Pliospalax sp. (199742)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Türkiye (Cankiri) Pliospalax indet. (184368)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene11.63 - 3.6Greece (Chalkidiki) Pliospalax macoveii (191612)
Turolian8.725 - 5.09Greece (Samos) Pliospalax sotirisi (202216)
Turolian8.725 - 5.09Greece Pliospalax macovei (31928)
Turolian8.725 - 5.09China (Gansu) Spalacinae indet. (42675)
Turolian8.725 - 5.09Greece (Samos Island) Pliospalax sotirisi (205351)
Turolian - Ruscinian8.725 - 3.55Greece (Xanthi) Pliospalax sp. (205296)
MN 136.965 - 5.09Greece (Rhodes) Spalax sotiriosi (68046)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Armenia (Shirak) Pliospalax macovi (209755) Spalacinae indet. (241924 241926)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Russian Federation (Rostovskaya Oblast') Spalax sp. (39409)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117France (Midi-Pyrenees) Glis sackdillingensis (35076)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Hungary (Barany) Spalax advenus (35473)
Ruscinian5.09 - 3.55Romania Pliospalax macoveii (40796)
Ruscinian5.09 - 3.55France (Roussillon) Glis sackdillingensis (35064)
Ruscinian5.09 - 3.55Türkiye (Ankara) Pliospalax macoveii (34370)
Ruscinian5.09 - 3.55Spain (Andalucia) Glis sackdillingensis (34997)
MN 15 - MN 164.16 - 2.245Ukraine Spalax leurodon (50943)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Poland (Łódź) Glis sackdillingensis (237370)
Villafranchian3.55 - 1.8Hungary (Barany) Glis sackdillingensis (35369)
Villafranchian3.55 - 1.8Hungary (Borsodabaujzemplen) Glis sackdillingensis (35370)
Villafranchian3.55 - 1.8Greece Pliospalax tourkobouniensis, Glis sackdillingensis (34589)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Italy (Verona) Glis sackdillingensis (51625)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Greece (Macedonia) Pliospalax senii (34783)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Greece Glis sackdillingensis (34767)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Hungary Glis sackdillingensis (39797)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz) Glis sackdillingensis (35905)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Greece (Peloponnisos) Glis sackdillingensis (34766)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Türkiye Spalax leucodon (39314)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Romania Glis sackdillingensis (32198 33975) Spalax sp. (32195 33974 34008) Spalax sp., Glis sackdillingensis (32192 32194 33973 34009)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Hungary (Barany) Glis sackdillingensis (35457)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Ukraine Spalax minor (41031 41049)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Greece (Kalymnos island) Spalax nehringi (34770)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Hungary (Borsodabaujzemplen) Glis sackdillingensis (35431 35432) Spalax advenus, Glis sackdillingensis (35428)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Israel Spalax ehrenbergi, Spalax neuvillei (225664) Spalax sp. (39251 39252)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Greece (Chalkidiki) Spalax chalkidikae (183123)
Ionian0.774 - 0.129Germany (Bayern) Glis sackdillingensis (276686)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Hungary (Borsodabaujzemplen) Glis sackdillingensis (35472)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Greece (Chios) Spalax nehringi (204077)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Hungary (Barany) Spalax advenus (35464 35465 35466 35467 35468 35469)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Israel Spalax ehrenbergi (192424 192425)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Romania Spalax sp. (34010 34012 40260)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Türkiye (Central Anatolia) Spalax ehrenbergi (34368)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Hungary Glis sackdillingensis (35476) Spalax leucodon (35045 35047)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece Spalax leucodon (203847 204954)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Israel Spalax ehrenbergi (225667)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Hungary (Barany) Spalax advenus (35462) Spalax leucodon (197461)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Ukraine Spalax sp. (68298)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Pella) Spalax microphthalmus (204957)