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Oryctocephalidae

Trilobita - Corynexochida - Oryctocephalidae

Synonyms
  • Cheiruroididae was named by Zhang (1963). It is not extant.

    It was considered an invalid subgroup of Oryctocephalidae by Adrain (2011).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1897Oryctocephalidae Beecher
1963Cheiruroididae Zhang
1979Oryctocephalidae Palmer and Halley p. 83
1994Oryctocephalidae Sundberg p. 31
1997Oryctocephalidae Sundberg and McCollum p. 1071
1997Oryctocephalidae Whittington et al. p. 298
2003Oryctocephalidae Sundberg and McCollum p. 345
2006Oryctocephalidae Sundberg p. 67
2011Oryctocephalidae Adrain p. 105

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
RankNameAuthor
subphylumArtiopoda(Hou and Bergstrom)
classTrilobitaWalch 1771
orderCorynexochida
suborderCorynexochinaKobayashi 1935
familyOryctocephalidaeBeecher 1897
familyOryctocephalidaeBeecher 1897

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Oryctocephalidae Beecher 1897
show all | hide all
G. †Arthricocephalus Bergeron 1899
+
†Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron 1899
†Arthricocephalus tenuis Zhang and Zhou 1985
G. †Balangia Chien 1961
G. †Barklyella Shergold 1969
G. †Changaspis Lee 1961
+
†Changaspis elongata Lee 1961
†Changaspis placenta Zhang et al. 1980
†Changaspis taihuensis Zhang and Zhou 1985
†Changaspis transversus Yang et al. 1993
G. †Cheiruroides Kobayashi 1935
+
†Cheiruroides arcticus Chernysheva 1962
G. †Curvoryctocephalus Zhao and Yuan 2002
+
†Curvoryctocephalus taijiangensis Zhao and Yuan 2002
G. †Duyunaspis Zhang and Qian 1977
+
†Duyunaspis duyunensis Zhang and Qian 1977
†Duyunaspis laevigatus Zhang et al. 1980
†Duyunaspis obesis Zhang et al. 1980
†Duyunaspis songtaoensis Qian and Lin 1977
G. †Euarthricocephalus Ju 1983
+
†Euarthricocephalus taijiangensis Zhou and Yuan 2002
G. †Feilongshania Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Feilongshania brevica Zhang et al. 1980
†Feilongshania shichangensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Hunanocephalus Lee 1963
+
Subg. †Hunanocephalus (Duotingia) Chow 1974
+
†Duotingia taihuensis Zhang and Zhou 1985
G. †Kunshanaspis Zhang and Zhou 1985
+
†Kunshanaspis suzhouensis Zhang and Zhou 1985
G. †Lancastria Kobayashi 1935
+
†Lancastria plana Tomashpolskaya and Khalfin 1960
†Lancastria roddyi Resser and Howell 1938
Invalid names: Chienaspis Suvorova 1964 [synonym], Goldfieldia Palmer 1964 [synonym], Paraoryctocephalops Tomashpolskaya and Khalfin 1960 [synonym], Pseudolancastria Lee 1963 [synonym]
G. †Metabalangia Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Metabalangia yupingensis Zhang et al. 1980
+
Invalid names: Metabalangia transversa Zhao and Yuan 2002 [synonym]
G. †Metarthricocephalus Zhao and Yuan 2002
+
†Metarthricocephalus spinosus Zhao and Yuan 2002
G. †Opsiosoryctocephalus Sundberg 1994
+
†Opsiosoryctocephalus ophis Sundberg 1994
G. †Oryctocara Walcott 1908
+
†Oryctocara geikei Walcott 1908
†Oryctocara geikiei Walcott 1908
G. †Oryctocare Tomashpolskaya 1961
Subfm. †Oryctocarinae Hupé 1953
+
G. †Microryctocara Sundberg and McCollum 1997
+
†Microryctocara nevadensis Sundberg and McCollum 1997
G. †Ovatoryctocara Chernysheva 1960
+
†Ovatoryctocara granulata Chernysheva 1960
G. †Oryctocephalina Tomashpolskaya 1961
Subfm. †Oryctocephalinae Beecher 1897
+
G. †Oryctocephalites Resser 1939
+
+
†Parachangaspis haopingensis Yang et al. 1993
†Oryctocephalites gelasinus Shergold 1969
†Oryctocephalites incertus Tchernysheva 1962
†Oryctocephalites kueizhouensis Lu and Chien 1974
†Oryctocephalites limbatus Tchernysheva 1962
†Oryctocephalites longus Zhao and Yuan 2002
†Oryctocephalites opiki Shergold 1969
†Oryctocephalites palmeri Sundberg and McCollum 1997
†Oryctocephalites rasettii Sundberg and McCollum 1997
†Oryctocephalites resseri Rasetti 1951
+
Invalid names: Oryctocephalites walcotti Resser 1938 [synonym]
†Oryctocephalites runcinatus Shergold 1969
†Oryctocephalites sulcatus Shergold 1969
†Oryctocephalites taijiangensis Zhao and Yuan 2002
†Oryctocephalites vicinus Tchernysheva 1962
G. †Oryctocephalus Walcott 1886
+
†Oryctocephalus americanus Sundberg and McCollum 2003
†Oryctocephalus elongatus Zhao et al. 1997
†Oryctocephalus granulatus Korovnikov 2008
†Oryctocephalus incurvus Lu and Chien 1974
+
Invalid names: Oryctocephalus kobayashii Saito 1934 [objective synonym]
†Oryctocephalus nyensis Palmer and Halley 1979
†Oryctocephalus primus Walcott 1886
†Oryctocephalus reticulatus Lermontova 1940
G. †Tonkinella Mansuy 1916
+
†Tonkinella breviceps Kobayashi 1934
†Tonkinella gavrilovae Dalmatov 1975
†Tonkinella spinosa Sundberg 2006
†Tonkinella valida Tchernysheva 1962
G. †Oryctocephaloides Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Oryctocephaloides convexus Zhang et al. 1980
†Oryctocephaloides robustus Zhao and Yuan 2001
G. †Oryctocephalops Lermontova 1940
+
†Oryctocephalops frischenfeldi Lermontova 1940
†Oryctocephalops guizhouensis Zhao and Yuan 2002
†Oryctocephalops tongrenensis Lu and Qian 1938
G. †Paleooryctocephalus Repina 1964
G. †Protoryctocephalus Chow 1974
+
†Protoryctocephalus arcticus Geyer and Peel 2011
†Protoryctocephalus balangensis Zhao and Yuan 2002
G. †Sandoveria Shergold 1969
G. †Shabaella Qian and Sun 1977
+
†Shabaella convexa Ju 1983
†Shabaella fengzuensis Lu and Lin 1983
G. †Shergoldiella Geyer 2006
+
†Shergoldiella vincenti Geyer 2006
G. †Thoracocare Robison and Campbell 1974
+
†Thoracocare idahoensis Resser 1939
Invalid names: Cheiruroididae Zhang 1963 [invalid subgroup], Tonkinellinae Reed 1934 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitec
Composition 2: chitinc
Ontogeny: molting, addition of partsc
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektobenthico
Diet: carnivoreo
Vision: well-developedf
Created: 2009-12-14 23:31:52
Modified: 2009-12-15 01:31:52
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class
References: Whittington et al. 1997, Aberhan et al. 2004, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Atdabanian to the top of the Merioneth or 521.00000 to 486.85000 Ma

Collections (271 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Cambrian538.8 - 506.5Canada (Northwest Territories) Oryctocephalus sp. (156202)
Early/Lower Cambrian538.8 - 506.5Spain (Aragon) Tonkinella sequei (120550)
Cambrian538.8 - 486.85Argentina (Mendoza) Tonkinella sp. (200109)
Cambrian538.8 - 486.85Argentina (San Juan ) Tonkinella sp. (200108)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0China (Hubei) Hunanocephalus ovalis (141555)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0Kazakhstan Cheiruroides arcuatu, Cheiruroides karatauensis, Cheiruroides dilingens (99357)
Nangaoian521.0 - 514.5China (Zhejiang) Hunanocephalus ovalis (125528 125679) Hunanocephalus ovalis, Shabaella jiangshanensis, Hunanocephalus constricatus, Hunanocephalus rarus, Shabaella convexa (129764) Shabaella fengzuensis, Shabaella jiangshanensis (125680) Shabaella jiangshanensis, Hunanocephalus rarus, Shabaella convexa (125529)
Nangaoian521.0 - 514.5China (Jiangsu) Duotingia taihuensis (127383)
Nangaoian - Duyunian521.0 - 506.5China (Jiangsu) Protoryctocephalus sp., Changaspis taihuensis, Goldfieldia kunshanensis, Kunshanaspis suzhouensis, Arthricocephalus duyunensis, Arthricocephalus tenuis, Arthricocephalus granulus (127385)
Botomian516.0 - 512.1China (Guizhou) Hunanocephalus sp. (96646)
Lenian516.0 - 508.2USA (Nevada) Oryctocephalites palmeri (9821)
Lenian516.0 - 508.2Russian Federation (Kemorovo) Cheiruroides sp. (57028)
Dyeran515.3 - 509.7Greenland Ovatoryctocara yaxiensis, Ovatoryctocara granulata, Protoryctocephalus arcticus, Lancastria plana (225140) Ovatoryctocara yaxiensis, Protoryctocephalus arcticus, Lancastria plana (235445)
Dyeran515.3 - 509.7USA (Pennsylvania) Lancastria roddyi (192 225188)
Dyeran515.3 - 509.7USA (Idaho) Oryctocare sp., Thoracocare minuta, Oryctocephalus walcotti (75632)
Dyeran515.3 - 509.7USA (Nevada) Goldfieldia pacifica (96417) Oryctocephalidae indet. (10560) Oryctocephalinae indet., Oryctocephalites palmeri (9820) Oryctocephalites palmeri (10569 204998 204999 205000 205007) Oryctocephalops frischenfeldi, Protoryctocephalus arcticus (240108)
Dyeran515.3 - 509.7Greenland (Freuchen Land) Cheiruroides sp. (96480)
Dyeran515.3 - 509.7USA (Utah) Oryctocephalus walcotti (75634) Oryctocephalus walcotti, Oryctocara geikei (75633)
Duyunian514.5 - 506.5China (Zhejiang) Changaspis placenta, Arthricocephalus fenshuiensis, Arthricocephalus sp., Arthricocephalus laterilobatus, Arthricocephalus sanxikouensis, Arthricocephalus fuyangensis (129765) Changaspis placenta, Arthricocephalus granulus (125681) Changaspis placenta, Arthricocephalus sp., Arthricocephalus granulus (125530)
Duyunian514.5 - 506.5China (Hubei) Cheiruroides arcticus, Changaspis transversus, Parachangaspis haopingensis (127080)
Duyunian514.5 - 506.5China (Guizhou) Arthricocephalites xinzhaiheensis, Duyunaspis duyunensis, Duyunaspis laevigatus, Arthricocephalus chauveaui, Changaspis elongata (236016) Arthricocephalus chauveaui (88777) Changaspis micropyge (88781) Changaspis placenta (88783) Changaspis placenta, Ovatoryctocara granulata (127438) Duyunaspis duyunensis, Arthricocephalus chauveaui, Changaspis elongata (237148) Feilongshania brevica, Feilongshania shichangensis, Duyunaspis duyunensis, Duyunaspis songtaoensis, Duyunaspis obesis, Duyunaspis laevigatus (127812) Oryctocephalidae indet. (125152) Oryctocephalites taijiangensis, Oryctocephaloides robustus (235484) Oryctocephalops guizhouensis, Oryctocephalites longus (235431) Oryctocephalops guizhouensis, Protoryctocephalus wuxunensis (128087) Oryctocephalops guizhouensis, Protoryctocephalus wuxunensis, Ovatoryctocara granulata (128082) Oryctocephalops sp. (125156 127439) Oryctocephalops sp., Euarthricocephalus sp. 1 (125157) Oryctocephalops sp., Protoryctocephalus sp., Euarthricocephalus sp. 1 (125158) Ovatoryctocara granulata (128075 128076) Ovatoryctocara sp. (125148) Ovatoryctocara sp., Duyunaspis duyunensis, Changaspis elongata (128272) Protoryctocephalus balangensis, Oryctocephalites longus (235427) Protoryctocephalus sp. (125150 125154) Protoryctocephalus sp., Ovatoryctocara sp. (125076) Protoryctocephalus wuxunensis (128072 128074 128077 128078 128079 128083 128086 128089) Protoryctocephalus wuxunensis, Ovatoryctocara granulata (128081 128084 128088 128090) Protoryctocephalus wuxunensis, Protoryctocephalus balangensis, Ovatoryctocara granulata (128073)
Duyunian - Taijangian514.5 - 504.5China (Guizhou) Oryctocephalus incurvus (107173) Oryctocephalus incurvus, Metabalangia yupingensis (107169) Oryctocephalus incurvus, Oryctocephaloides convexus (107162) Oryctocephalus sp. (107175)
Toyonian512.1 - 508.2Russian Federation (Tuva) Cheiruroides maslovi (81474)
Toyonian512.1 - 508.2Russian Federation (Khakasiya) Paleooryctocephalus angulatus (81331)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3USA (California) Microryctocara nevadensis, Oryctocephalus indicus (205005) Microryctocara nevadensis, Oryctocephalus indicus, Oryctocephalites resseri (69516) Oryctocephalites walcotti, Tonkinella spinosa (219702) Oryctocephalus indicus (69513 205003 205004) Oryctocephalus indicus, Oryctocephalus nyensis (69515) Oryctocephalus orientalis (69511) Oryctocephalus sp. (69506)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3USA (Pennsylvania) Oryctocephalus sp. (214 7864 7865)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3Morocco Shergoldiella vincenti (174210 174217 174218 174219 174220 174221 174222 174223 174290 174291 174292)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3USA (Nevada) Microryctocara nevadensis, Oryctocephalites runcinatus, Oryctocephalus americanus (69489) Microryctocara nevadensis, Oryctocephalus indicus (10588 69449 69451 69452 69453 69454 69455 69488 205002) Opsiosoryctocephalus ophis, Tonkinella breviceps, Tonkinella valida (134257) O. sp. (149390) O. sp., Thoracocare idahoensis (149391 149392) Oryctocephalina maladensis, Oryctocephalites typicalis (149565) Oryctocephalites claytonensis (69444) Oryctocephalites claytonensis, Oryctocephalites runcinatus, Oryctocephalus americanus (69437) Oryctocephalites rasetti (205010) Oryctocephalites rasettii (205001) Oryctocephalites runcinatus (69429 69433 69445) Oryctocephalites runcinatus, Oryctocephalus americanus (69430 69443) Oryctocephalites typicalis (77188) Oryctocephalus americanus (69402 69405 69406 69409 69428 69436 69440 69456 69480 69482 69486 69487) Oryctocephalus maladensis, Oryctocephalites typicalis (155985) Oryctocephalus nyensis (149389 205006) Oryctocephalus orientalis, Oryctocephalus americanus (69434) Oryctocephalus primus (155984) Oryctocephalus sp. A, Oryctocephalus americanus (69414) Oryctocephalus spp., Oryctocephalus indicus (10587) Ovatoryctocara sp., Oryctocephalites runcinatus (69447) Ovatoryctocara sp., Oryctocephalites runcinatus, Oryctocephalus americanus (69446) Tonkinella breviceps (134255) Tonkinella breviceps, Tonkinella valida (134249 134253 134254)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3USA (Idaho) Oryctocare sp., Oryctocephalus sp. (207) Oryctocephalus walcotti, Oryctocara geikei (76096)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3USA (Nevada and California) Oryctocephalina sp., Oryctocephalites sp. (202)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3USA (Utah) Oryctocephalus walcotti (75635) Tonkinella breviceps (134059 134068 134070 134111 134115 134116) Tonkinella breviceps, Tonkinella valida (10565 134113 134117)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3USA (California-Nevada) Thoracocare sp. (204)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3Mexico (Sonora) Oryctocephalus sp., Oryctocara sp. (90558)
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3Canada (British Columbia) Oryctocephalus burgessensis (84424 84425 84427) Oryctocephalus matthewi, Oryctocephalus burgessensis (84426 84428) Oryctocephalus sp. (197) Oryctocephalus sp. No. 2 (225262) Oryctocephalus sp., Oryctocara geikiei (121959) Tonkinella stephensis (225256)
Delamaran - Topazan509.7 - 504.5USA (Idaho) Oryctocara geikiei (68909)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Russian Federation Arthricocephalus sp., Sandoveria sp., Oryctocephalus reticulatus, Oryctocephalus reynoldsiformis (235429) Cheiruroides arcticus (232938 232939 232940) Cheiruroides arcticus, Ovatoryctocara granulata, Oryctocephalops frischenfeldi (232942) Oryctocephalus n. sp. 3, Ovatoryctocara granulata, Oryctocephalus reticulatus, Oryctocephalus granulatus (235444) Oryctocephalus reticulatus, Oryctocephalus reynoldsiformis, Oryctocephalus vicinus, Oryctocephalops frischenfeldi (235430)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Kazakhstan Tonkinella flexa, Tonkinella laevigata, Tonkinella optima, Tonkinella valida (9973) Tonkinella optima, Tonkinella valida (9976) Tonkinella stephensis, Tonkinella valida (9970) Tonkinella valida (9977)
Amgan508.2 - 504.5Russian Federation (Siberia) Oryctocephalops frischenfeldi (10001) Tonkinella gavrilovae (235454) Tonkinella khorbusuokensis (10002)
Solvan508.2 - 504.5Canada (British Columbia) Oryctocephalites resseri (56703 56718)
Solvan508.2 - 504.5USA (Nevada) Oryctocephalites rasettii (9233)
Solvan508.2 - 504.5Australia (New South Wales) Sandoveria lobata, Oryctocephalus opiki, Oryctocephalus reynoldsi (56533)
Solvan508.2 - 504.5Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Tonkinella occidentalis (10816 10817 10826 10830 10849)
Solvan508.2 - 504.5Russian Federation (Kemorovo) Cheiruroides arcticus (57029)
Solvan - Menevian508.2 - 499.5Russian Federation (Siberia) Oryctocephalus frischenfeldi (10000)
Templetonian508.0 - 504.5USA (Nevada) Oryctocephalites sp. indet. (225158)
Templetonian508.0 - 504.5Australia (Northwest Territory) Oryctocephalina lancastrioides (235452)
Templetonian508.0 - 504.5Australia (Northern Territory) Oryctocephalites runcinatus (75265)
Taijangian506.5 - 504.5China (Henan) Tonkinella flabelliformis (129013)
Taijangian506.5 - 504.5China (Guizhou) Euarthricocephalus sp. (125168) Metabalangia yupingensis (127963 128255) Metabalangia yupingensis, Oryctocephalus indicus (128099 128115) Oryctocephalidae indet., Euarthricocephalus sp. 2, Oryctocephalus opiki (125169) Oryctocephalus indicus (79769 79770 125162 128092 128093 128095 128114 128119 128120 128256 128259) Oryctocephalus indicus, Curvoryctocephalus taijiangensis, Euarthricocephalus taijiangensis (128118 128251 128253 128254 128262 128263 128264) Oryctocephalus indicus, Euarthricocephalus sp. 2 (125159) Oryctocephalus indicus, Euarthricocephalus taijiangensis (128100 128117 128252 128258) Oryctocephalus indicus, Euarthricocephalus taijiangensis, Metarthricocephalus spinosus (128257) Oryctocephalus indicus, Oryctocephalites longus, Metabalangia transversa (235428) Oryctocephalus indicus, Oryctocephalus elongatus, Curvoryctocephalus taijiangensis, Euarthricocephalus taijiangensis (128261) Oryctocephalus indicus, Oryctocephalus opiki (125164) Oryctocephalus tongrenensis, Euarthricocephalus sp. 2 (125171)
Wuliuan506.5 - 504.5Argentina (Mendoza) Oryctocephalites reynoldsi (222585 223357)
Wuliuan - Topazan506.5 - 504.5Mexico Tonkinella valida (236858)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Antarctica Goldfieldia ninguis (154031)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0India Oryctocephalus salteri (116461 116462 116463 116465)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0Greenland Ovatoryctocara yaxiensis, Ovatoryctocara granulata, Protoryctocephalus arcticus, Lancastria plana (193552 193553 193554 193555)
Middle Cambrian506.5 - 497.0USA (Idaho) Oryctocephalus walcotti (127486)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0USA (Nevada) Oryctocephalus primus (50110 50111 50112 50115) Oryctocephalus sp. (50097 50301 50331)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0USA (Montana) Tonkinella stephenensis (7202)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Canada (British Columbia) Oryctocephalus sp. (215)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0India (Himachal Pradesh) Oryctocephalus salteri, Oryctocephalus opiki, Oryctocephalites sulcatus (46501)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Spain (Leon) Tonkinella breviceps (55503)
St Davids506.5 - 497.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Oryctocephalus sp. (209)
Topazan505.3 - 504.5USA (Idaho) Oryctocephalus maladensis, Oryctocephalites typicalis, Tonkinella idahoensis (50208)
Tuesaian505.3 - 503.0Kazakhstan Tonkinella stephensis, Tonkinella flexa, Tonkinella laevigata, Tonkinella valida (118054)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5USA (Utah) Tonkinella sp. (10507)
Merioneth497.0 - 486.85Canada (Alberta-British Columbia) Tonkinella sp. (213)
Merioneth497.0 - 486.85USA (Idaho) Oryctocephalites sp., Oryctocephalus sp., Tonkinella sp. (198)