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Synthetoceratinae

Mammalia - Protoceratidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1937Synthetoceratinae Frick
1981Synthetoceratinae Webb p. 358
1998Synthetoceratinae Prothero p. 435
2003Synthetoceratinae Webb et al. p. 353
2006Synthetoceratinae Hulbert and Whitmore p. 7
2007Synthetoceratinae Prothero and Ludtke p. 173

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
familyProtoceratidae
subfamilySynthetoceratinaeFrick 1937
subfamilySynthetoceratinaeFrick 1937

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. †Synthetoceratinae Frick 1937
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Tr. †Kyptoceratini Webb 1981
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G. †Kyptoceras Webb 1981
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†Kyptoceras amatorum Webb 1981
G. †Syndyoceras Barbour 1905
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†Syndyoceras cooki Barbour 1905
G. †Synthetoceras Stirton 1932
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†Synthetoceras davisorum Hulbert and Whitmore 2006
†Synthetoceras tricornatus Stirton 1932
Tr. †Synthetoceratini Webb 1981
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G. †Lambdoceras Stirton 1967
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†Lambdoceras hessei Stirton 1967
†Lambdoceras siouxensis Frick 1937
†Lambdoceras trinitiensis Patton and Taylor 1971
G. †Prosynthetoceras Frick 1937
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Invalid names: Dromomeryx angustidens Hay 1924 [synonym], Merycodus grandis Hay 1924 [synonym], Syndyoceras australis White 1941 [synonym], Synthetoceras (Prosynthetoceras) douglasi White 1947 [synonym], Synthetoceras rileyi Frick 1937 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 14:39:46
Modified: 2009-01-07 18:24:42
Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Prothero 1998, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Aquitanian to the top of the Piacenzian or 23.03000 to 2.58800 Ma

Collections (68 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (Nebraska) Syndyoceras cooki (17738 17809 17843 17846 28043) Syndyoceras sp. (17819)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (Wyoming) Syndyoceras cooki (17788)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44USA (Texas) Prosynthetoceras texanus, Protoceras sp. (18663)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Louisiana) Prosynthetoceras sp. (163859)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Florida) Protoceratidae indet. (18503)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Texas) Prosynthetoceras francisi (18644 18671) Prosynthetoceras texanus (18615) Prosynthetoceras trinitiensis (18634)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Texas) Prosynthetoceras francisi, Prosynthetoceras texanus (18642)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97Mexico (Oaxaca) Synthetoceras sp. (18744)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (New Jersey) Prosynthetoceras sp. (17910)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nebraska) Lambdoceras sp. (17952)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Florida) Prosynthetoceras texanus (18561 18586) Synthetoceras douglasi, Syndyoceras australis (18597)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (South Dakota) Lambdoceras hessei (17912)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Texas) Blastomeryx texanus (18617) Dromomeryx angustidens, Dromomeryx texanus, Merycodus grandis (18626) Prosynthetoceras texanus (18635 18651 75945)
Hemingfordian - Barstovian20.43 - 12.5USA (Texas) Prosynthetoceras texanus (18636)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nebraska) Prosynthetoceras sp. (18192 18275)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Texas) Palaeomerycidae indet. (18646) Prosynthetoceras francisi (18628 18641 18673 18675) Prosynthetoceras sp. (18608 18619 18620 18637) Protoceratidae indet. (18627) Synthetoceras rileyi (18604)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (California) Prosynthetoceras sp. (19542)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Louisiana) Prosynthetoceras francisi (18621)
Early/Lower Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nebraska) Neotragocerus improvisus (17983) Prosynthetoceras siouxensis (17905 17976 17985 18011 18019)
Early/Lower Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Texas) Prosynthetoceras francisi (18674) Prosynthetoceras trinitiensis (18665)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Texas) Synthetoceras sp. (18623 18640) Synthetoceras tricornatus (18074 18244 18252 18347 18355 18610 18645)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) Synthetoceras tricornatus (18315)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Guanajuato) Kyptoceras sp. (18718)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Alabama) Synthetoceras sp. (18559) Synthetoceras tricornatus (81498)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Florida) Protoceratidae indet. (18560)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Florida) Kyptoceras amatorum (18599)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) Kyptoceras amatorum (52582)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588USA (North Carolina) Kyptoceras amatorum (18550)