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Furidae

Osteichthyes - Ionoscopiformes - Furidae

Taxonomy
Furidae was named by Jordan (1923).

It was assigned to Amioidea by Gardiner (1960); to Halecomorphi by Jordan (1963); to Ionoscopiformes by López-Arbarello et al. (2014); and to Ophiopsiformes by van der Laan (2019).

Subtaxa
Archaeosemionotus, Callopterus, Furo (syn. Eugnathus), Heterolepidotus (syn. Plesiolepidotus, Eulepidotus), Lophiostomus, Neorhombolepis, Osteorachis (syn. Isocolum), Xingyia
Entered
by M. Carrano on 2007-05-04; modified by L. van den Hoek Ostende on 2013-04-30

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1895Eugnathidae Woodward
1923Eugnathidae Gregory p. 228
1923Furidae Jordan
1960Furidae Gardiner p. 370
1963Furidae Jordan p. 616
2003Eugnathidae Liu p. 349
2014Furidae López-Arbarello et al. p. 2
2019Furidae van der Laan p. 56

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
RankNameAuthor
classOsteichthyes
subclassActinopterygii()
—NeopterygiiRegan 1923
—Halecomorphi(Cope 1872)
orderIonoscopiformesGrande and Bemis 1998
familyFuridaeJordan 1923
familyFuridaeJordan 1923

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Furidae Jordan 1923
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G. †Archaeosemionotus Deecke 1889
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Invalid names: Semionotus balsami Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium]
G. †Furo Gistl 1848
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†Furo insignis Kner 1866
†Furo normandica Wenz 1965
†Furo orthostomus Agassiz 1842
Invalid names: Eugnathus Agassiz 1839 [replaced]
Invalid names: Eugnathidae Woodward 1895 [replaced]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
W. K. Gregory 1923 (Eugnathidae)The fact that it belongs in the order Holostei, or Protospondyli, comprising the
existing Amia, Lepidosteus, and their numerous fossil allies, is shown by
the presence in the type and referred specimens of the large gular plate
and by the fundamental similarity of all parts of the head to that of Amia.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: planktonicp
Diet: suspension feederp
Created: 2009-07-20 21:50:54
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:54
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Bambach et al. 2007, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Pelsonian to the top of the Turonian or 244.24000 to 89.80000 Ma

Collections (42 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Pelsonian244.24 - 243.33Slovenia Furo sp. (166628)
Illyrian243.33 - 241.464Italy Semionotus gibbus (149323)
Fassanian241.464 - 239.48Switzerland Archaeosemionotus sp. (153375 153376 153377)
Ladinian241.464 - 237.0Spain Archaeosemionotus sp. (148734 148735 148737 148739)
Longobardian239.48 - 237.0Italy Archaeosemionotus connectens (180690) Furo trottii (116568) Heterolepidotus egidiivenantii (153405) Semionotus balsami, Eugnathus hermesi, Heterolepidotus taramellii (153401)
Longobardian239.48 - 237.0Italy (Lecco) Archaeosemionotus connectens (120901)
Longobardian239.48 - 237.0China (Guizhou) Xingyia gracilis (146380)
Longobardian239.48 - 237.0Switzerland Archaeosemionotus sp. (122020)
Alaunian215.38 - 211.18Austria (Tirol) Pholidophorus dorsalis, Semionotus striatus, Pholidophorus cephalus (130601) Pholidophorus dorsalis, Semionotus striatus, Pholidophorus cephalus, Eugnathus insignis (130602)
Alaunian215.38 - 211.18Italy Pholidophorus cephalus, Eugnathus brachilepis, Notagogus incertus (153108)
Rhaetian205.7 - 201.4Luxembourg Heterolepidotus sp. (67895)
Late/Upper Hettangian201.4 - 199.5France Heterolepidotus angulati (122726)
Planorbis201.4 - 199.5United Kingdom (England) Lepidotus serrulatus (122157) Pholidophorus hastingsiae, Lepidotus serrulatus (122158)
Planorbis201.4 - 199.5United Kingdom Pholidophorus hastingsiae, Lepidotus serrulatus (131892)
Hettangian - Sinemurian201.4 - 192.9United Kingdom Pholidophorus hastingsiae (132035)
Bucklandi199.5 - 192.9Italy Furo sp. (90673)
Early/Lower Sinemurian199.5 - 192.9United Kingdom Heterolepidotus grandis (153104)
Raricostatum199.5 - 192.9Portugal Furo orthostomus (127285)
Sinemurian199.5 - 192.9United Kingdom (England) Eugnathus orthostomus, Eugnathus philpotae, Eugnathus minor, Heterolepidotus latus (122153) Osteorachis macrocephalus, Eugnathus orthostomus, Eugnathus philpotae, Eugnathus minor, Heterolepidotus latus, Isocolum granulatum, Eulepidotus sauroides (122155) Osteorachis macrocephalus, Eugnathus orthostomus, Eugnathus philpotae, Eugnathus minor, Lissolepis serratus, Eugnathus altus, Heterolepidotus latus, Eulepidotus sauroides (122154)
Ibex192.9 - 184.2United Kingdom (Dorset) Heterolepidotus latus (159158)
Spinatum192.9 - 184.2France (Ardennes) Eugnathidae indet. (149428)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9France Furo normandica (122732)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian152.21 - 149.2Germany (Bavaria) Callopterus sp. (132944)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian152.21 - 149.2Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Furo aldingeri, Furo microlepidotus, Furo praelongus, Furo sp. (154138)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) Eugnathus sp. (35262)
Late/Upper Berriasian139.1 - 137.05Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Callopterus sp. (45760)
Late/Upper Valanginian137.05 - 132.6United Kingdom (England) Neorhombolepis sp. (96621)
Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian125.77 - 119.57Belgium (Hainaut) Callopterus insignis (22645)
Early/Lower Albian - Middle Albian113.2 - 106.3Kyrgyzstan (Osh) Furo sp. (92400)
Cenomanian - Turonian100.5 - 89.8United Kingdom (England) Lophiostomus dixoni (238510)