Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis
Taxonomy
Troodon wyomingensis was named by Gilmore (1931). Its type specimen is USNM 12031, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is 9 miles southwest of Warren Post Office, which is in a Maastrichtian terrestrial horizon in the Lance Formation of Wyoming.
It was synonymized subjectively with Pachycephalosaurus grangeri by Galton (1971); it was recombined as Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis by Brown and Schlaikjer (1943), Bohlin (1953), Kuhn (1964), Ostrom (1965), Charig (1967), Wall and Galton (1979), McIntosh (1981), Galton and Sues (1983), Breithaupt (1985), Sues and Galton (1987), Giffin (1989), Maryanska (1990), Olshevsky and Ford (1994), Derstler (1994), Sues (1997), Breithaupt (1999), Sullivan (2003), Williamson and Carr (2003), Maryanska et al. (2004), Sullivan (2006), Butler et al. (2008), Schott et al. (2009), Williamson et al. (2009), Lehman (2010), Longrich et al. (2010), Han et al. (2012), Mallon et al. (2015), Goodwin and Evans (2016), Schott and Evans (2017), Evans et al. (2018), Dieudonné et al. (2020) and Woodruff et al. (2021).
It was synonymized subjectively with Pachycephalosaurus grangeri by Galton (1971); it was recombined as Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis by Brown and Schlaikjer (1943), Bohlin (1953), Kuhn (1964), Ostrom (1965), Charig (1967), Wall and Galton (1979), McIntosh (1981), Galton and Sues (1983), Breithaupt (1985), Sues and Galton (1987), Giffin (1989), Maryanska (1990), Olshevsky and Ford (1994), Derstler (1994), Sues (1997), Breithaupt (1999), Sullivan (2003), Williamson and Carr (2003), Maryanska et al. (2004), Sullivan (2006), Butler et al. (2008), Schott et al. (2009), Williamson et al. (2009), Lehman (2010), Longrich et al. (2010), Han et al. (2012), Mallon et al. (2015), Goodwin and Evans (2016), Schott and Evans (2017), Evans et al. (2018), Dieudonné et al. (2020) and Woodruff et al. (2021).
Synonyms
|
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1872 | Tylosteus ornatus Leidy p. 40 |
1873 | Tylosteus ornatus Leidy p. 285 |
1902 | Tylosteus ornatus Hay p. 477 |
1930 | Tylosteus ornatus Hay p. 239 |
1931 | Troodon wyomingensis Gilmore pp. 1-2 figs. Pl. 1-3 |
1936 | Troodon wyomingensis Gilmore p. 10 |
1943 | Pachycephalosaurus grangeri Brown and Schlaikjer pp. 133-141 figs. Pl. 38-41 |
1943 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Brown and Schlaikjer pp. 142-143 |
1943 | Pachycephalosaurus reinheimeri Brown and Schlaikjer p. 143 figs. Pl. 42 |
1953 | Pachycephalosaurus grangeri Bohlin p. 32 |
1953 | Pachycephalosaurus reinheimeri Bohlin p. 32 |
1953 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Bohlin p. 32 |
1964 | Pachycephalosaurus grangeri Kuhn p. 30 |
1964 | Pachycephalosaurus reinheimeri Kuhn p. 30 |
1964 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Kuhn p. 30 |
1964 | Tylosteus ornatus Kuhn p. 44 |
1965 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Ostrom p. 39 |
1967 | Pachycephalosaurus grangeri Charig p. 716 |
1967 | Pachycephalosaurus reinheimeri Charig p. 716 |
1967 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Charig p. 716 |
1971 | Pachycephalosaurus grangeri Galton p. 45 |
1974 | Pachycephalosaurus grangeri Maryańska and Osmólska p. 47 |
1979 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Wall and Galton p. 1182 |
1981 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis McIntosh p. 35 |
1983 | Stygimoloch spinifer Galton and Sues p. 463 figs. 1, 3-4 |
1983 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Galton and Sues pp. 468-469 |
1985 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Breithaupt p. 169 |
1987 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Sues and Galton p. 30 |
1987 | Stygimoloch spinifer Sues and Galton p. 33 |
1988 | Stenotholus kohleri Giffin et al. |
1989 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Giffin p. 525 |
1990 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Maryanska p. 566 |
1990 | Stygimoloch spinifer Maryanska p. 566 |
1991 | Stenotholus kohlerorum Olshevsky p. 22 |
1994 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Derstler p. 136 |
1994 | Stygimoloch spinifer Derstler p. 136 |
1994 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Olshevsky and Ford p. 91 |
1994 | Stygimoloch spinifer Olshevsky and Ford p. 91 |
1997 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Sues p. 512 |
1997 | Stygimoloch spinifer Sues p. 512 |
1997 | Stygimoloch spinifer Vickaryous and Ryan p. 491 |
1998 | Stygimoloch spinifer Goodwin et al. p. 363 |
1999 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Breithaupt p. 60 |
2003 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Sullivan p. 198 |
2003 | Stygimoloch spinifer Sullivan p. 199 |
2003 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Williamson and Carr fig. 11 |
2003 | Stygimoloch spinifer Williamson and Carr fig. 11 |
2004 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Maryanska et al. p. 465 |
2004 | Stygimoloch spinifer Maryanska et al. p. 466 |
2006 | Dracorex hogwartsia Bakker et al. pp. 331-332 figs. 1-12 |
2006 | Dracorex hogwartsia Sullivan p. 357 |
2006 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Sullivan pp. 357-358 |
2006 | Stygimoloch spinifer Sullivan p. 359 |
2006 | Stygimoloch spinifer Williamson and Carr p. 325 |
2008 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Butler et al. p. 8 |
2009 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Schott et al. p. 783 fig. 8 |
2009 | Stygimoloch spinifer Schott et al. p. 783 fig. 8 |
2009 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Williamson et al. p. 293 |
2010 | Stygimoloch spinifer Lehman p. 790 |
2010 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Lehman p. 792 |
2010 | Dracorex hogwartsi Longrich et al. p. 280 |
2010 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Longrich et al. p. 280 |
2010 | Stygimoloch spinifer Longrich et al. p. 280 |
2012 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Han et al. p. 1370 |
2015 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Mallon et al. p. 426 |
2016 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Goodwin and Evans p. 3 |
2017 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Schott and Evans p. 898 |
2018 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Evans et al. p. 121 |
2020 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Dieudonné et al. |
2020 | Pachycephalosaurus grangeri Sakagami and Kawabe p. 12 |
2021 | Dracorex hogswartsia Woodruff et al. p. 581 |
2021 | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Woodruff et al. p. 581 |
2021 | Stygimoloch spinifer Woodruff et al. p. 581 |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Gilmore 1931
show all | hide all
Invalid names: Dracorex hogwartsia Bakker et al. 2006 [synonym], Pachycephalosaurus grangeri Brown and Schlaikjer 1943 [synonym], Pachycephalosaurus reinheimeri Brown and Schlaikjer 1943 [synonym], Stygimoloch spinifer Galton and Sues 1983 [synonym], Tylosteus ornatus Leidy 1872 [synonym]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
---|---|---|
B. Brown and E. M. Schlaikjer 1943 (Pachycephalosaurus reinheimeri) | Frontoparietal area very low, broad, and shallow. Prominent parietosquamosal shelf, with the posterior margin nodose and medially deeply notched. Frontals low and narrow where in contact with the nasals. | |
R. T. Bakker et al. 2006 (Dracorex hogwartsia) | Most similar to Pachycephalosaurus and Stygimoloch, particularly in the long snout, two half-rings of pyramidal spikes on the snout, and strong cheek node. Differs from Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis and Stygimoloch spinifer in lacking a dome; differs from S. spinifer in possessing four smaller spikes, not three massive spikes, on the squamosal, and lacking a dome. Differs from all other pachycephalosaurids in the extremely large supratemporal fenestrae, with the origin of the mandibular adductor muscles expanded anteriorly onto the dorsal surface of the parietal. Differs from the other monospecific genera (Homalocephale, Goyocephale, Wannanosaurus, and Stegoceras) with fenestrated skull tables, by having a long snout, two spike-half rings on the snout, parietal excluded from the posterior squamosal shelf, large cheek nodes, strong squamosal spike cluster on each side, generally strong accessory rugosities and longer snout. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
Source: g = genus, o = order | |||||
References: Marsh 1875, Peczkis 1995 |
Age range: base of the Maastrichtian to the top of the Lancian or 72.10000 to 66.00000 Ma
Collections (21 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Pachycephalosaurus sp. (59222) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (North Dakota) | Stygimoloch spinifer (48843) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (Montana) | Pachycephalosaurus grangeri (47627) Predentata indet. (48848) Stenotholus kohleri (12977) Stygimoloch spinifer (47626 48844 48845 48846) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (South Dakota) | Dracorex hogwartsia (58813) | |
Lancian | USA (Montana) | Stygimoloch spinifer (14550) | |
Lancian | USA (Wyoming) | Stygimoloch spinifer (14544) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (South Dakota) | Dracorex hogwartsia (224484) Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis, Pachycephalosaurus reinheimeri (47628) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Montana) | Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis (52904 152397 161171) Tylosteus ornatus (91359) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Wyoming) | Pachycephalosaurus grangeri (14585) Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis (64644) Troodon wyomingensis (type locality: 52106) |