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Ptychopariidae

Trilobita - Ptychopariida - Ptychopariidae

Taxonomy
Ptychopariidae was named by Matthew (1887). Its type is Ptychoparella. It was considered polyphyletic by Adrain (2011).

It was assigned to Ptychopariida by Kruse (1990) and Whittington et al. (1997); to Ptychoparioidea by Landing et al. (2008) and Pour and Popov (2009); and to Trilobita by Hughes et al. (2002) and Adrain (2011).

Subtaxa
Achlysopsis, Altikolia, Altitudella, Amecephalites, Asthenopsis, Austinvillia, Balangcunaspis, Bathyholcus, Bathyocos, Billingsaspis, Binodaspis (syn. Xilingxia), Bolaspidina, Braintreella, Brunswickia, Caborcella, Cathayanella, Champlainia, Chengshanaspis, Conopolus, Deltina, Douposiella (syn. Tongshania), Entsyna, Eodouposiella, Eokaotaia, Eoptychoparia, Eospencia, Eurostina, Gaotanaspis, Gaphuraspis, Gedongaspis, Gunnia (syn. Yiliangaspis), Holasaphus, Illtydaspis, Jangudaspis, Jiagouia, Jialaopsis, Jianchangia, Jiumenia, Kaotaia, Kermanella, Kochiella (syn. Eiffelaspis), Kochiellina, Kounamkites, Kunmingaspis (syn. Benxiaspis), Laminurus, Laoyingshania, Luxella, Lyriaspis, Meitania (syn. Majiangia), Meniscopsia, Monanocephalus, Mufushania, Nangaoia, Nangaops, Nassovia, Neoblairella (syn. Blairella), Neoregina (syn. Regina), Olenekina, Onchocephalites, Orienturus, Orlovia, Orloviella, Pachyaspis, Paleonelsonia (syn. Nelsonia), Palmerara (syn. Nyella), Palmeraspis, Panacus, Paraeosoptychoparia, Parahiolites (syn. Paramecephalus), Paraperiomma, Paraplagiura, Parapoulsenia, Paraziboaspis, Periommella, Piaziella, Pingluaspis, Piochella, Plagiura (syn. Plagiurella, Ruichengella), Plesiamecephalus, Poulsenella, Poulsenia, Probowmania, Probowmaniella, Probowmanops, Proliostracus, Protohedinia, Psilostracus, Ptychoparella (syn. Syspacephalus, Elrathina) (type genus), Ptychopariinae, Qiaotouaspis, Reedus, Regius, Salankanaspis, Sanwania, Semisphaerocephalus, Shantungaspis, Shuiyuella, Sinoptychoparia, Spencella, Spencia (syn. Stauroholcus), Stoecklinia, Suluktella, Syspacephalus redpathi, Syspacephalus unca, Townleyella, Trigonyangaspis (syn. Trigonaspis), Tukalandaspis, Ulrichaspis, Variopelta, Vermontella, Volocephalina, Wanhuaia, Weijiaspis, Wuhaina (syn. Chishanheella), Xingrenaspis (syn. Danzhaina, Wuxunaspis), Yaojiayuella, Yohoaspis, Ziboaspidella, Ziboaspis

Synonyms
  • Agraulos unca was named by Walcott (1917). Its type specimen is USNM 64394 and is a 3D body fossil.

    It was recombined as Syspacephalus unca by Resser (1936); it was considered a nomen dubium by Lochman (1947).
  • Agraulos redpathi was named by Walcott (1891). Its type specimen is USNM 23839 and is a 3D body fossil.

    It was recombined as Syspacephalus redpathi by Resser (1936); it was considered a nomen dubium by Lochman (1947).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1887Ptychopariidae Matthew
1891Agraulos redpathi Walcott p. 654 figs. Fig. 69
1917Agraulos unca Walcott p. 73 figs. pi. 13, fig. 1
1936Syspacephalus redpathi Resser p. 28
1936Syspacephalus unca Resser p. 28
1990Ptychopariidae Kruse p. 13
1997Ptychopariidae Whittington et al. p. 302
2002Ptychopariidae Hughes et al.
2008Ptychopariidae Landing et al. p. 898
2009Ptychopariidae Pour and Popov
2011Ptychopariidae Adrain p. 108

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Ecdysozoa
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
RankNameAuthor
subphylumArtiopoda(Hou and Bergstrom)
classTrilobitaWalch 1771
subclassLibristoma
orderPtychopariidaSwinnerton 1915
familyPtychopariidaeMatthew 1887
familyPtychopariidaeMatthew 1887

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Ptychopariidae Matthew 1887
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G. †Achlysopsis Fritz 1968
+
†Achlysopsis brighamensis Resser 1939
†Achlysopsis hemitora Fritz 1968
†Achlysopsis liokata Fritz 1968
G. †Altikolia Hajrullina 1961
+
†Altikolia kurshabica Pour and Popov 2009
G. †Altitudella Repina 1974
G. †Amecephalites Eddy and McCollum 1998
+
†Amecephalites sundbergi Eddy and McCollum 1998
G. †Asthenopsis Whitehouse 1939
+
†Asthenopsis butorosa Jell 1978
†Asthenopsis levior Whitehouse 1939
†Asthenopsis opalensis Jell 1978
G. †Austinvillia Resser 1938
G. †Balangcunaspis Yuan et al. 1997
+
†Balangcunaspis subcylindricus Yuan et al. 1997
†Balangcunaspis transversus Yuan et al. 1997
G. †Bathyholcus Rasetti 1961
+
†Bathyholcus gaspensis Rasetti 1961
†Bathyholcus sulcatus Rasetti 1961
G. †Bathyocos Sundberg 1994
+
†Bathyocos housensis Sundberg 1994
G. †Billingsaspis Resser 1935
+
†Billingsaspis vulcanus Billings 1861
G. †Binodaspis Lermontova 1951
+
Invalid names: Xilingxia Zhang et al. 1980 [synonym]
G. †Bolaspidina Lermontova 1960
G. †Braintreella Wheeler 1942
+
†Braintreella rogersi Walcott 1884
G. †Brunswickia Howell 1937
G. †Caborcella Lochman 1948
+
†Caborcella arrojosensis Lochman 1948
†Caborcella collaris Rasetti 1951
†Caborcella pseudaulax Palmer and Halley 1979
†Caborcella reducta Palmer and Halley 1979
†Caborcella trifossatus Mason 1935
G. †Cathayanella Yuan and Yin 1998
+
†Cathayanella granulosa Yuan and Yin 1998
G. †Champlainia Howell 1937
G. †Chengshanaspis Chang 1963
+
†Chengshanaspis conica Yuan et al. 1997
G. †Conopolus Robison 1988
+
†Conopolus granulus Robison 1968
G. †Deltina Sundberg 1994
+
†Deltina angustigena Sundberg 1994
†Deltina limba Sundberg 1994
G. †Douposiella Lu and Zhang 1974
+
†Douposiella himalaica Reed 1910
Invalid names: Tongshania Qui and Lin 1983 [synonym]
G. †Entsyna Rozova 1968
+
†Entsyna entsynica Rozova 1968
G. †Eodouposiella Yuan and Zhao 1982
+
†Eodouposiella rara Yuan and Zhao 2002
G. †Eokaotaia Yuan and Zhao 1994
+
†Eokaotaia laoyingshanensis Yuan and Li 1999
G. †Eoptychoparia Rasetti 1955
+
†Eoptychoparia benxiensis Guo and An 1982
†Eoptychoparia manifesta Lazarenko 1962
†Eoptychoparia nangaoensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Eospencia Chernysheva 1961
G. †Eurostina Whitehouse 1939
G. †Gaotanaspis Zhang and Li 1984
G. †Gaphuraspis Ivshin 1957
G. †Gedongaspis Yuan et al. 1997
+
†Gedongaspis granulosa Yuan et al. 1997
†Gedongaspis oblonga Yuan et al. 1997
G. †Gunnia Gatehouse 1968
+
†Gunnia smithi Peng et al. 2009
Invalid names: Yiliangaspis Luo 1994 [synonym]
G. †Holasaphus Matthew 1895
G. †Illtydaspis Fritz 1991
+
†Illtydaspis aphylla Fritz 1991
†Illtydaspis ornata Fritz 1991
G. †Jangudaspis Ogienko 1956
+
†Jangudaspis princeps Ogienko 1956
G. †Jiagouia Qiu 1983
+
G. †Jialaopsis Qian and Zhou 1974
+
†Jialaopsis latus Qian and Zhou 1974
G. †Jianchangia Guo and An 1982
+
†Jianchangia nanshanensis Guo and An 1982
G. †Jiumenia Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Jiumenia spinosa Zhang et al. 1980
†Jiumenia typica Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Kaotaia Lu 1962
+
†Kaotaia gedongensis Yuan and Zhao 1994
†Kaotaia globosa Chang and Zhou 1974
†Kaotaia longa Zhang et al. 1980
†Kaotaia magna Lu 1945
†Kaotaia prachina Peng et al. 2009
†Kaotaia qinkouensis Zhou 1974
G. †Kermanella Wolfart 1974
+
†Kermanella kuhbananensis Wolfart 1974
G. †Kochiella Poulsen 1927
+
†Kochiella arenosa Resser 1939
†Kochiella augusta Walcott 1886
†Kochiella brevaspis Sundberg and McCollum 2002
†Kochiella chares Walcott 1917
†Kochiella crito Walcott 1917
†Kochiella eiffelensis Rasetti 1951
†Kochiella gracilis Poulsen 1927
†Kochiella mackenziensis Norford 1968
†Kochiella mansfieldi Resser 1939
†Kochiella maxeyi Rasetti 1951
†Kochiella rasettii Sundberg and McCollum 2002
†Kochiella tuberculata Poulsen 1927
Invalid names: Eiffelaspis Chang 1963 [synonym]
G. †Kochiellina Palmer and Halley 1979
+
†Kochiellina groomensis Palmer and Halley 1979
†Kochiellina janglensis Palmer and Halley 1979
G. †Kounamkites Chernysheva 1956
G. †Kunmingaspis Lu and Chang 1974
+
Invalid names: Benxiaspis Guo and An 1982 [synonym]
G. †Laminurus Repina 1959
+
†Laminurus insuetus Repina 1964
G. †Laoyingshania Yuan and Li 1999
+
†Laoyingshania triangularis Yuan and Li 1999
G. †Luxella Rasetti 1955
G. †Lyriaspis Whitehouse 1939
G. †Meitania Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Meitania similis Zhang et al. 1980
†Meitania suni Lu 1945
G. †Parashuiyuella Yuan et al. 1997
+
†Parashuiyuella sinensis Yuan et al. 1997
†Parashuiyuella subcylindrica Yuan et al. 1997
Invalid names: Promeitania Yuan et al. 1997 [synonym]
Invalid names: Majiangia Lu and Qian 1983 [synonym]
G. †Meniscopsia Robison and Babcock 2011
+
†Meniscopsia beebei Robison and Babcock 2011
Invalid names: Selenocoryphe Beebe 1990 [nomen nudum], Selenocoryphe platyura Beebe 1990 [nomen nudum]
G. †Monanocephalus Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Monanocephalus latus Zhang et al. 1995
†Monanocephalus liquani Peng et al. 2009
†Monanocephalus zhongtiaoshanensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Mufushania Lin 1965
+
†Mufushania transversa Yang et al. 1993
G. †Nangaoia Zhou 1974
+
Subg. †Nangaoia (Shilengshuia) Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Nangaoia (Shilengshuia) conica Yuan and Zhao 2002
†Shilengshuia contracta Zhang et al. 1980
†Shilengshuia jiubaensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Shilengshuia lata Zhang et al. 1980
†Nangaoia megaceps Zhou 1974
G. †Nangaops Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Nangaops brevicus Zhang et al. 1980
†Nangaops danzhaiensis Zhou 1974
†Nangaops elongatus Zhang et al. 1980
†Nangaops nangaoensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Nassovia Howell 1937
G. †Neoblairella Özdikmen 2006
+
Invalid names: Blairella Rasetti 1965 [replaced]
G. †Neoregina Özdikmen 2006
+
†Neoregina opipara Egorova 1967
Invalid names: Regina Egorova 1967 [replaced]
G. †Olenekina Egorova 1970
G. †Onchocephalites Rasetti 1957
+
†Onchocephalites claytonensis Sundberg and McCollum 2003
†Onchocephalites laevis Rasetti 1957
†Onchocephalites permingeati Termier and Termier 1950
G. †Orienturus Repina 1973
G. †Orlovia Walcott and Resser 1924
+
†Orlovia arctica Walcott and Resser 1924
G. †Orloviella Sigov 1955
G. †Pachyaspis Resser 1938
+
†Pachyaspis benxiensis Guo and An 1982
†Pachyaspis deborra Lochman 1952
†Pachyaspis gallagari Fritz 1968
†Pachyaspis isabella Lochman 1952
†Pachyaspis longa Fritz 1968
G. †Paleonelsonia Özdikmen 2008
+
†Paleonelsonia schesis Palmer and Gatehouse 1972
Invalid names: Nelsonia Palmer and Gatehouse 1972 [replaced]
G. †Palmerara Özdikmen 2009
+
†Palmerara granosa Resser 1939
Invalid names: Nyella Palmer and Halley 1979 [replaced]
G. †Palmeraspis Repina 1973
G. †Panacus Eddy and McCollum 1998
+
†Panacus palmeri Eddy and McCollum 1998
G. †Paraeosoptychoparia Qiu 1983
G. †Parahiolites Kobayashi 1967
+
Invalid names: Paramecephalus Zhang et al. 1980 [synonym]
G. †Paraperiomma Zhou 1974
+
†Paraperiomma huangnipoensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Paraperiomma nodosa Yang et al. 1993
G. †Paraplagiura Zhang 1983
G. †Parapoulsenia Rasetti 1957
G. †Paraziboaspis Nan and Chang 1982
+
†Paraziboaspis angustilimbata Yuan and Li 1999
†Paraziboaspis intermedia Yuan and Li 1999
†Paraziboaspis rara Yuan and Li 1999
G. †Periommella Resser 1938
G. †Piaziella Lochman 1947
+
†Piaziella pia Walcott 1917
†Piaziella rara Fritz 1972
G. †Pingluaspis Zhang and Wang 1986
+
†Pingluaspis minor Zhang and Wang 1986
G. †Piochella Sundberg and McCollum 2003
+
†Piochella peasleensis Sundberg and McCollum 2003
G. †Plagiura Resser 1935
+
†Plagiura cercops Walcott 1917
†Plagiura cleadas Walcott 1917
†Plagiura extensa Palmer and Halley 1979
†Plagiura minor Palmer and Halley 1979
†Plagiura retracta Palmer and Halley 1979
Invalid names: Plagiurella Resser 1937 [synonym], Ruichengella Zhang et al. 1980 [synonym]
G. †Plesiamecephalus Lin and Qiu 1983
+
†Plesiamecephalus conicus Yuan and Li 1999
G. †Poulsenella Rozova 1963
+
†Poulsenella latensis Rozova 1963
G. †Poulsenia Resser 1936
+
†Poulsenia decipiens Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Probowmania Kobayashi 1935
+
†Probowmania balangensis Yuan et al. 1997
†Probowmania bhatti Peng et al. 2009
†Probowmania divergens Yuan and Li 1999
†Probowmania huainanensis Yuan and Li 1999
†Probowmania quadrata Yuan and Li 1999
†Probowmania similis Yuan and Li 1999
G. †Probowmaniella Chang 1963
+
†Probowmaniella jixianensis Zhang et al. 1995
†Probowmaniella lata Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Probowmanops Ju 1983
+
G. †Proliostracus Poulson
+
†Proliostracus annosus Fritz 1972
†Proliostracus latus Fritz 1972
G. †Protohedinia Endo 1944
G. †Psilostracus Chang 1963
+
†Psilostracus banpoyangensis Zhang et al. 1995
†Psilostracus carinatus Lu et al. 1988
†Psilostracus changqingensis Lu et al. 1988
†Psilostracus impar Walcott 1905
†Psilostracus latus Lu et al. 1988
†Psilostracus mantoensis Walcott 1905
†Psilostracus maozhuangensis Lu et al. 1988
†Psilostracus shuiyuensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Psilostracus xiaoyuhougouensis Guo and An 1982
G. †Ptychoparella Poulson 1927
+
†Ptychoparella lloydi Robison and Babcock 2011
†Ptychoparella mettae Robison and Babcock 2011
†Ptychoparella minuta Yang et al. 1993
†Ptychoparella usualis Chien and Zhou 1974
Invalid names: Elrathina Resser 1937 [synonym], Syspacephalus Resser 1936 [synonym]
Subfm. †Ptychopariinae Matthew 1887
+
G. †Mikaparia Kordule 2006
+
†Mikaparia milena Kordule 2006
G. †Ptychoparia Corda 1847
+
†Ptychoparia anderseni Henningsmoen 1952
†Ptychoparia annectans Walcott 1884
†Ptychoparia annio Cobbold 1910
†Ptychoparia anytus Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Ptychoparia candace Walcott 1917
†Ptychoparia candace Walcott 1917
†Ptychoparia dubinka Kordule 2006
†Ptychoparia haguei Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Ptychoparia logani Devine 1863
†Ptychoparia nitidus Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Ptychoparia pylas Walcott 1917
†Ptychoparia striata Whitfield 1878
†Ptychoparia striatus Emmrich 1839
†Ptychoparia tuberosa Feniak 1952
†Ptychoparia unisulcatus Hall and Whitfield 1877
Invalid names: Agraulopsis Ruzicka 1940 [synonym]
G. †Ptychoparioides Rka 1940
+
†Ptychoparioides chlupaci Kordule 2006
†Ptychoparioides henkli Kordule 2006
G. †Qiaotouaspis Guo and An 1982
+
†Qiaotouaspis qiaotouensis Guo and An 1982
†Qiaotouaspis shandongensis Lu et al. 1988
G. †Reedus Dalmatov 1975
G. †Regius Egorova 1970
G. †Salankanaspis Egorova 1970
G. †Sanwania Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Sanwania prima Yuan et al. 1997
G. †Semisphaerocephalus Ivshin 1953
G. †Shantungaspis Chang 1957
+
†Shantungaspis aclis Walcott 1905
†Shantungaspis orientalis Endo and Resser 1937
G. †Shuiyuella Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Shuiyuella triangularis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Sinoptychoparia Lu and Chang 1974
+
†Sinoptychoparia huannipoensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Spencella Rasetti 1963
+
†Spencella buttsi Resser 1938
†Spencella utahensa Sundberg 1994
G. †Spencia Resser 1939
+
†Spencia plena Resser 1939
†Spencia quadrata Fritz 1968
†Spencia typicalis Resser 1939
Invalid names: Stauroholcus Resser 1939 [synonym]
G. †Stoecklinia Wolfart 1974
G. †Suluktella Hajrullina 1975
+
†Suluktella mambetovi Pour and Popov 2009
G. †Townleyella Opik 1967
+
†Townleyella rara Yuan and Yin 1998
†Townleyella similis Yuan and Yin 1998
G. †Trigonyangaspis Jell and Adrain 2002
+
†Trigonyangaspis hujiaensis Yang et al. 1993
Invalid names: Trigonaspis Yang et al. 1993 [replaced]
G. †Tukalandaspis Lazarenko 1968
+
†Tukalandaspis egens Lazarenko 1968
G. †Ulrichaspis Rasetti 1945
G. †Variopelta Fritz 1972
+
†Variopelta laevis Fritz 1972
G. †Vermontella Howel 1937
G. †Volocephalina Palmer and Halley 1979
+
†Volocephalina connexa Palmer and Halley 1979
†Volocephalina contracta Palmer and Halley 1979
†Volocephalina variosa Eddy and McCollum 1998
G. †Wanhuaia Yuan and Li 1999
+
†Wanhuaia granulosa Yuan and Li 1999
†Wanhuaia latilimbata Yuan and Li 1999
G. †Weijiaspis Qiu 1983
+
†Weijiaspis elongata Qiu 1983
†Weijiaspis maozhuangensis Lu et al. 1988
G. †Wuhaina Zhang and Yuan 1981
+
†Wuhaina henanensis Zhang et al. 1995
†Wuhaina longispina Zhang et al. 1995
†Wuhaina lubrica Zhang and Yuan 1981
Invalid names: Chishanheella Zhang et al. 1995 [synonym]
G. †Xingrenaspis Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Xingrenaspis brevicus Zhang et al. 1980
†Xingrenaspis curvus Zhou 1974
†Xingrenaspis hoboi Resser and Endo 1937
†Xingrenaspis jialaoensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Xingrenaspis parthiva Peng et al. 2009
†Xingrenaspis quadratus Zhang et al. 1980
†Xingrenaspis rectangularis Zhang et al. 1980
†Xingrenaspis shyamalae Peng et al. 2009
†Xingrenaspis xingrenensis Zhang et al. 1980
Invalid names: Danzhaina Zhang et al. 1980 [synonym], Wuxunaspis Zhang et al. 1980 [synonym]
G. †Yaojiayuella Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Yaojiayuella carinata Zhang and Wang 1985
†Yaojiayuella convexolimbata Lu et al. 1988
†Yaojiayuella diversa Zhang et al. 1980
†Yaojiayuella granosa Walcott 1911
†Yaojiayuella jinnanensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Yaojiayuella liaoningensis Guo and An 1982
†Yaojiayuella ocellata Zhang et al. 1980
†Yaojiayuella poshanensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Yaojiayuella zhangxiaensis Lu et al. 1988
G. †Yohoaspis Rasetti 1951
G. †Ziboaspidella Lu et al. 1988
+
†Ziboaspidella latilimbata Lu et al. 1988
G. †Ziboaspis Chang 1963
+
†Ziboaspis hostilis Reed 1910
†Ziboaspis ruichengensis Zhang et al. 1980
Invalid names: Syspacephalus redpathi Walcott 1891 [nomen dubium], Syspacephalus unca Walcott 1917 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available