PBDB Taxon

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Retispira

Gastropoda - Bellerophontida - Bellerophontidae

Taxonomy

Retispira was named by Knight (1945) [Sepkoski's age data: D Emsi-u Tr Indu-l Sepkoski's reference number: 362]. It is not extant. Its type is Retispira bellireticulata.

It was reranked as Bucanopsis (Retispira) by Elias (1958); it was reranked as Knightites (Retispira) by Knight et al. (1960).

It was assigned to Bucanopsis by Elias (1958); to Knightites by Knight et al. (1960); to Bellerophontida by Sepkoski (2002); to Bellerophontidae by Mazaev (2015); and to Knightitinae by Frýda (2000), Nützel and Ketwetsuriya (2016) and Ketwetsuriya et al. (2020).

Species

Knightites (Retispira) hanzawai, Knightites (Retispira) striata, Knightites (Retispira) warthi, R. albapinensis, R. angustifasciata, R. asiatica, R. bellireticulata (type species), R. bilabiatus, R. bimorpha, R. bittneri, R. boltoni, R. carinatus, R. chenmazijingensis, R. chernyshevi, R. christinae, R. cincta, R. clarkei, R. concinna, R. crucilirata, R. culleni, R. decussatus, R. deflectus, R. devonica, R. elegans (syn. R. decussata), R. elevata, R. emerii, R. espinasa, R. exilis (syn. Bucania textilis), R. fascireticulatus, R. fragilis, R. guizhouensis, R. hibernicus, R. hohenlimburgensis, R. integra, R. irwinensis, R. kansasensis, R. kattaensis, R. keyniana (syn. Knightites (Retispira) waterkeynianus), R. khaophrikensis, R. leda, R. lyelli (syn. Bellerophon (Bucania) sosiensis, Bucania nodulosa, R. sosiensis, Knightites (Retispira) girtyi), R. makatikhae, R. marcouianus, R. matanensis, R. meekiana, R. modesta (syn. R. undulata), R. monronensis, R. mowensis, R. multicancellata, R. multilirata, R. multiscalpta, R. navicula, R. ningxiaensis, R. nodocostata (syn. Knightites (Retispira) rugopleurus), R. nodulifera, R. nolani, R. ordinata, R. ornatissima, R. ornatus, R. otsego, R. patagoniensis, R. perelegans, R. puchenpraensis, R. qingshuiheensis, R. qingshuihensis, R. repertus, R. reticulata, R. reticulatus, R. retifera, R. rumpfi, R. schwelmensis, R. sinensis, R. solignaci, R. strictocanalicula, R. strictura, R. subtilistriata, R. suhaensis, R. sullivani (syn. R. minuta), R. tasselli, R. temnonema, R. tenuilineata, R. tenuilirata, R. texana, R. textiliformis (syn. Knightites (Retispira) bellus), R. textilis (syn. Bellerophon cancellatus), R. triangularis, R. tumidus, R. undata, R. waverliensis, R. yochelsoni

Synonyms

Bellerophon kansasensis was named by Shumard (1858). It is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Bucanopsis kansasensis by Ulrich and Scofield (1897), Price (1914) and Weller (1929); it was recombined as Patellostium kansasensis by Girty (1899); it was recombined as Knightites (Retispira) kansasensis by Yochelson (1960); it was considered a nomen nudum by Wagner (2023).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1858	Bellerophon kansasensis Shumard p. 204
1897	Bucanopsis kansasensis Ulrich and Scofield p. 854
1899	Patellostium kansasensis Girty p. 589
1914	Bucanopsis kansasensis Price p. 534
1929	Bucanopsis kansasensis Weller p. 319
1945	Retispira Knight p. 335
1958	Bucanopsis (Retispira) Elias p. 3
1960	Knightites (Retispira) Knight et al. p. 184 fig. 103.5
1960	Knightites (Retispira) kansasensis Yochelson p. 226
2000	Retispira Frýda p. 359
2002	Retispira Sepkoski
2015	Retispira Mazaev p. 879
2016	Retispira Nützel and Ketwetsuriya p. 490
2020	Retispira Ketwetsuriya et al. p. 57

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca

Rank	Name	Author
class	Gastropoda
order	Bellerophontida	Ulrich and Scofield 1897
suborder	Bellerophontina
superfamily	Bellerophontoidea	()
family	Bellerophontidae
subfamily	Knightitinae
genus	Retispira

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Retispira Knight 1945

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†Knightites (Retispira) hanzawai Murata 1971

†Knightites (Retispira) striata Fleming 1828

†Knightites (Retispira) warthi Waagen 1883

†Retispira albapinensis Gordon and Yochelson 1983

†Retispira angustifasciata Waagen 1880

†Retispira asiatica Wirth 1936

†Retispira bellireticulata Knight 1945

†Retispira bilabiatus White and Whitfield 1862

†Retispira bimorpha Guo 1983

†Retispira bittneri Newell and Kummel 1942

†Retispira boltoni Weir 1931

†Retispira carinatus Tolmachoff 1930

†Retispira chenmazijingensis Guo 1983

†Retispira chernyshevi Mazaev 2015

†Retispira christinae Cook et al. 2003

†Retispira cincta Gordon and Yochelson 1987

†Retispira clarkei Dickins 1963

†Retispira concinna Weir 1931

†Retispira crucilirata Dickins 1963

†Retispira culleni Campbell and Engel 1963

†Retispira decussatus Fleming 1828

†Retispira deflectus Weller 1900

†Retispira devonica Hall and Whitfield 1872

†Retispira elegans de Ferrusac and d'Orbigny 1840

Invalid names: Retispira decussata Sandberger and Sandberger 1855 [synonym]

†Retispira elevata Heidelberger 2001

†Retispira emerii Etheridge Jr. 1907

†Retispira espinasa Kues 2004

†Retispira exilis de Koninck 1883

Invalid names: Bucania textilis de Koninck 1883 [synonym]

†Retispira fascireticulatus Hoare et al. 1997

†Retispira fragilis Yochelson 1960

†Retispira guizhouensis Pan 1982

†Retispira hibernicus Weir 1931

†Retispira hohenlimburgensis Heidelberger and Koch 2005

†Retispira integra Waagen 1880

†Retispira irwinensis Dickins 1963

†Retispira kattaensis Waagen 1880

†Retispira keyniana de Koninck 1844

Invalid names: Knightites (Retispira) waterkeynianus de Koninck 1883 [synonym]

†Retispira khaophrikensis Ketwetsuriya et al. 2020

†Retispira leda Hall 1859

†Retispira lyelli Gemmellaro 1889

Invalid names: Bellerophon (Bucania) sosiensis Gemmellaro 1889 [synonym], Bucania nodulosa Mansuy 1914 [synonym], Knightites (Retispira) girtyi Yochelson 1960 [synonym], Retispira sosiensis Gemmellaro 1889 [synonym]

†Retispira makatikhae Jakowlew 1899

†Retispira marcouianus Geinitz 1866

†Retispira matanensis Pan and Yu 1993

†Retispira meekiana Shumard and Swallow 1858

†Retispira modesta Girty 1909

Invalid names: Retispira undulata Chronic 1952 [synonym]

†Retispira monronensis Weller 1916

†Retispira mowensis Peel 2016

†Retispira multicancellata Yu 1974

†Retispira multilirata Yoo 1994

†Retispira multiscalpta Thomas 1930

†Retispira navicula Sowerby 1840