PBDB Collection

The Pit (Pleistocene of the United States)

Also known as CM loc. 1925

Where: Park County, Colorado (39.3° N, 105.7° W: paleocoordinates 39.3° N, 105.5° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Irvingtonian (1.8 - 0.3 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: A. D. Barnosky and D. L. Rasmussen. 1988. Middle Pleistocene arvicoline rodents and environmental change at 2900-meters elevation, Porcupine Cave, South Park, Colorado. Annals of Carnegie Museum 57(12):267-292 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]more details

PaleoDB collection 20477: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 19.05.2000

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• "Porcupine Cave," exact locality unclear: Clethrionomys sp. Barnosky and Bell 1994 "Spermophilus armatus or richardsoni" Wood and Barnosky 1994 Cynomys gunnisoni Goodwin 1999 "probably" Cynonymys new species Goodwin 1999
"Mustela vison" omitted by Anderson 1996

Show authors, comments, and common names

Mammalia
Soricomorpha - Soricidae	Soricidae indet. Soricidae indet. Fischer 1814 shrew
Carnivora - Mephitidae	Brachyprotoma obtusata², Mephitis mephitis², Spilogale putorius² Brachyprotoma obtusata² Cope 1899 short-faced skunk Mephitis mephitis² Schreber 1776 striped skunk Spilogale putorius² Linnaeus 1758 eastern spotted skunk
Carnivora - Mustelidae	"Mustela frenata" = Neogale frenata, Mustela sp.², Mustela erminea², Mustela cf. nigripes, Taxidea taxus, Lontra cf. canadensis² "Mustela frenata" = Neogale frenata Lichtenstein 1831 long-tailed weasel Mustela sp.² Linnaeus 1758 weasel Mustela erminea² Linnaeus 1758 stoat Mustela cf. nigripes Audubon and Bachman 1851 black-footed ferret Taxidea taxus Schreber 1778 American badger Lontra cf. canadensis² Schreber 1776 North American river otter
Carnivora - Canidae	Vulpes velox², Vulpes cf. vulpes², Canis latrans, Urocyon cinereoargenteus² Vulpes velox² Say 1823 swift fox Vulpes cf. vulpes² Linnaeus 1758 red fox Canis latrans Say 1823 coyote Urocyon cinereoargenteus² Schreber 1775 gray fox
Carnivora - Felidae	Felidae indet. Felidae indet. Gray 1821 cat "possibly Acinonyx"
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Equus sp. Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758 horse
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Ovis cf. canadensis, cf. Oreamnos harringtoni⁷ Ovis cf. canadensis Shaw 1804 bighorn sheep cf. Oreamnos harringtoni⁷ Stock 1936 mountain goat The Pit, level 2
Artiodactyla - Antilocapridae	Antilocapra sp. Antilocapra sp. Ord 1818 pronghorn
Artiodactyla - Cervidae	Odocoileus sp., Cervus elaphus¹ Odocoileus sp. Rafinesque 1832 New World deer Cervus elaphus¹ Linnaeus 1758 red deer
Artiodactyla - Camelidae	Camelops sp. Camelops sp. Leidy 1854 camel
Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae	Ochotona cf. princeps Ochotona cf. princeps Richardson 1828 American pika
Lagomorpha - Leporidae	Sylvilagus audubonii⁸, Lepus townsendii⁸, Brachylagus coloradoensis⁸ Sylvilagus audubonii⁸ Baird 1858 desert cottontail Lepus townsendii⁸ Bachman 1839 white-tailed jackrabbit Brachylagus coloradoensis⁸ Ramos 1999 pygmy rabbit
Rodentia - Sciuridae	"Spermophilus cf. elegans" = Urocitellus elegans⁶, Marmota cf. flaviventris⁵, "Neotamias cf. minimus" = Eutamias minimus⁵, Cynomys sp., "Spermophilus lateralis" = Callospermophilus lateralis⁵, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus⁵, Sciurus sp. "Spermophilus cf. elegans" = Urocitellus elegans⁶ Kennicott 1863 Wyoming ground squirrel Marmota cf. flaviventris⁵ Audubon and Bachman 1841 yellow-bellied marmot "Neotamias cf. minimus" = Eutamias minimus⁵ Bachman 1839 least chipmunk Cynomys sp. Rafinesque 1817 prairie dog "Spermophilus lateralis" = Callospermophilus lateralis⁵ Say 1823 golden-mantled ground squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus⁵ Erxleben 1777 American red squirrel Sciurus sp. Linnaeus 1758 squirrel
Rodentia - Geomyidae	Thomomys sp. Thomomys sp. Wied-Neuwied 1839 pocket gopher
Rodentia - Cricetidae	Neotoma sp., Neotoma cinerea, Lemmiscus curtatus¹, Mictomys meltoni, Phenacomys cf. gryci³, Mimomys cf. virginianus⁴, Allophaiomys pliocaenicus⁴, Microtus paroperarius, "Terricola meadensis" = Microtus meadensis¹, Ondatra sp.⁴ Neotoma sp. Say and Ord 1825 pack rat small Neotoma cinerea Ord 1815 bushy-tailed woodrat Lemmiscus curtatus¹ Cope 1868 sagebrush vole Mictomys meltoni Paulson 1961 bog lemming levels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8A, 9, 10, 11, 12: Bell and Barnosky 2000 Phenacomys cf. gryci³ Repenning 1987 vole Mimomys cf. virginianus⁴ Repenning and Grady 1988 vole levels 4, 5, 6, 7, 8A, 10 Allophaiomys pliocaenicus⁴ Kormos 1932 vole levels 4, 5, 6, 7, 8A, 11 Microtus paroperarius Hibbard 1944 vole levels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7: Bell and Barnosky 2000; includes "Microtus montanus or M. longicaudus" according to Bell and Barnosky 2000 "Terricola meadensis" = Microtus meadensis¹ Hibbard 1944 vole Ondatra sp.⁴ Link 1795 muskrat levels 1, 2, 4, 5, 8A; "O. cf. annectens"
Rodentia - Erethizontidae	Erethizon sp. Erethizon sp. Cuvier 1822 North American porcupine
Chiroptera -	Chiroptera indet. Chiroptera indet. Blumenbach 1779 bat a bat

¹Alroy 2002; ²Anderson 1996; ³Barnosky and Bell 1994; ⁴Bell and Barnosky 2000; ⁵Goodwin 1999; ⁶Goodwin 2002; ⁷Mead and Taylor 1998; ⁸Ramos 1999