Pedre-que-Pica (Pliocene of Portugal)

Where: Portugal (36.9° N, 25.0° W: paleocoordinates 37.0° N, 25.4° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Zanclean (5.3 - 3.6 Ma)

• Although it cannot be shown beyond doubt at present, the sedimentary sequences at

•Ponta do Castelo,Malbusca and Pedra-que-Pica are tentatively correlated with the Cré outcrops and assumed to represent more or less contemporaneous deposits.

Environment/lithology: marine; lithified, shelly/skeletal carbonate

• dense mollusc coquina close to the base of the sections. This coquina is

•dominated by oysters and pectinids, with subsidiary amounts of echinoids and coralline red algae.

Size class: mesofossils

Preservation: coquina

Collection methods: Repository: Department of Biology of the University of the Azores.

Primary reference: A. Kroh, M. A. Bitner, and S.P. Avila. 2008. Novocrania turbinata (Brachiopoda) from the Early Pliocene of the Azores (Portugal). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 58(4):473-478 [M. Clapham/M. Manojlovic]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 152330: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Marko Manojlovic on 17.11.2013, edited by Mihaela Krause

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
Anthozoa
 Scleractinia - Poritidae
Porites sp.2
Porites sp.2 Link 1807 stony coral
Echinoidea
 Cidaroida - Cidaridae
Eucidaris tribuloides2
Eucidaris tribuloides2 pencil urchin
 Echinoneoida - Echinoneidae
Echinoneus cf. cyclostomus2
Echinoneus cf. cyclostomus2 Leske 1778 sea urchin
 Irregularia -
Spatangoida indet.2
Spatangoida indet.2 Agassiz 1840 heart urchin
 Spatangoida - Brissidae
"Schizobrissus sp." = Meoma (Schizobrissus)2
"Schizobrissus sp." = Meoma (Schizobrissus)2 Pomel 1869 heart urchin
 Clypeasteroida - Clypeasteridae
Clypeaster altus2
Clypeaster altus2 sand dollar
 Clypeasteroida - Fibulariidae
Echinocyamus pusillus2
Echinocyamus pusillus2 Müller 1776 sand dollar
Actinopteri
 Perciformes - Sparidae
Sparus cinctus2
Sparus cinctus2 Agassiz 1843 perch-like fish
Mammalia
 Placentalia -
Cetacea indet.2
Cetacea indet.2 Brisson 1762 whale
Chondrichthyes
 Lamniformes - Lamnidae
"Cosmopolitodus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis2
"Cosmopolitodus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis2 Agassiz 1838 white shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Carcharhinus cf. leucas2
Carcharhinus cf. leucas2 Valenciennes 1839 requiem shark
Bivalvia
 Mytilida - Mytilidae
"Myoforceps aristatus" = Lithophaga (Myoforceps)2
"Myoforceps aristatus" = Lithophaga (Myoforceps)2 mussel
 Arcida - Arcidae
Anadara sp.2, Arca noae2
Anadara sp.2 Gray 1847 ark
Arca noae2 Linnaeus 1758 ark
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
Lopha plicatuloides2, "Cubitostrea frondosa" = Ostrea frondosa2, "Ostrea cf. lamellosa" = Ostrea edulis2
"Cubitostrea frondosa" = Ostrea frondosa2 de Serres 1829 oyster
"Ostrea cf. lamellosa" = Ostrea edulis2 Linnaeus 1758 oyster
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
Spondylus cf. concentricus2, Spondylus gaederopus2, Talochlamys abscondita2, Pecten cf. laevicostatus2, Pecten dunkeri2, Manupecten pesfelis2, Argopecten cf. levicostatus2, Aequipecten opercularis2, Gigantopecten latissimus2, Hinnites ercolanianus2, Chlamys hartungi2
Spondylus cf. concentricus2 Bronn 1831 scallop
Spondylus gaederopus2 Linnaeus 1758 scallop
Pecten dunkeri2 scallop
Argopecten cf. levicostatus2 Toula 1909 calico scallop
Aequipecten opercularis2 Linnaeus 1758 scallop
Hinnites ercolanianus2 Cocconi 1873 scallop
Gastropoda
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
Cirsotrema cf. cochlea2
 Sorbeoconcha - Strombidae
Persististrombus sp.2, Persististrombus coronatus1
Persististrombus sp.2 Kronenberg and Lee 2007 true conch
Persististrombus coronatus1 Defrance 1827 true conch
 Sorbeoconcha - Hipponicidae
Cheilea equestris2
Cheilea equestris2 Linnaeus 1758 hoof shell
Gymnolaemata
 Cheilostomata - Membraniporidae
Biflustra sp.2
Biflustra sp.2 d'Orbigny 1852
 Cheilostomata - Hippopodinidae
Saevitella sp.2
 Cheilostomata - Phidoloporidae
Schizotheca sp.2, Reteporella sp.2, ? Plesiocleidochasma sp.2
Reteporella sp.2 Busk 1884
? Plesiocleidochasma sp.2 Soule and Chaney 1991
 Cheilostomata - Celleporidae
Celleporidae indet.2, Buffonellaria sp.2
 Cheilostomata - Schizoporellidae
Therenia sp.2
Therenia sp.2 David and Pouyet 1978
 Cheilostomata - Microporellidae
Microporella "sp. 1"2, Microporella "sp. 2"2, Calloporina sp.2
Microporella "sp. 1"2 Hincks 1877
Microporella "sp. 2"2 Hincks 1877
Calloporina sp.2 Neviani 1895
 Cheilostomata - Cheiloporinidae
Cheiloporina sp.2, ? Hippaliosina sp.2
Cheiloporina sp.2 Canu and Bassler 1923
 Cheilostomata - Myriozoidae
"Myriozoum" cf. marionense2
 Cheilostomata - Crepidacanthidae
Crepidacantha sp.2
 Cheilostomata - Smittinidae
Smittoidea sp.2
 Cheilostomata - Bitectiporidae
Schizomavella cf. triaviculata2, "Metroperiella sp." = Schizomavella (Metroperiella)2
"Metroperiella sp." = Schizomavella (Metroperiella)2 Canu and Bassler 1917
 Cheilostomata - Chorizoporidae
Chorizopora sp.2
 Cheilostomata - Cryptosulidae
Cryptosula sp.2
Cryptosula sp.2 Canu and Bassler 1925
 Cheilostomata - Umbonulidae
? Umbonula sp.2
 Cheilostomata - Antroporidae
Antropora sp.2
Antropora sp.2 Norman 1903
 Cheilostomata - Chaperiidae
Chaperiidae indet.2, Chaperiopsis sp.2
Chaperiidae indet.2 Jullien 1888
Chaperiopsis sp.2 Uttley 1949
 Cheilostomata - Calloporidae
? Crassimarginatella sp.2
 Cheilostomata - Candidae
Scrupocellaria sp.2, Caberea sp.2
Scrupocellaria sp.2 van Beneden 1845
 Cheilostomata - Onychocellidae
Onychocella cf. angulosa2
 Cheilostomata - Romancheinidae
Escharoides sp.2, Escharella sp.2, Hippopleurifera sp.2
Escharoides sp.2 Milne Edwards 1836
Hippopleurifera sp.2 Canu and Bassler 1927
 Cheilostomata - Cribrilinidae
Figularia cf. figularis2, Puellina (Glabrilaria) sp.2, Puellina (Puellina) "sp. 1"2, Puellina (Puellina) "sp. 2"2
Figularia cf. figularis2 Johnston 1847
 Cheilostomata - Flustridae
Hincksina sp.2
Hincksina sp.2 Norman 1903
 Cheilostomata - Escharinidae
Escharina sp.2, Bryopesanser sp.2
Bryopesanser sp.2 Tilbrook 2006
Craniata
 Craniida - Craniidae
Novocrania turbinata
Novocrania turbinata Poli 1795
dorsal valves
Thecostraca
 Balanomorpha - Balanidae
? Megabalanus sp.2, Zullobalanus santamariaensis2
? Megabalanus sp.2 Hoek 1913 barnacle
Zullobalanus santamariaensis2 Buckeridge and Winkelmann 2010 barnacle
1Ávila et al. 2016; 2Ávila et al. 2015