Sanhe Cave (Pleistocene of China)

Also known as Chongzuo, ZAR

Where: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China (22.3° N, 107.5° E: paleocoordinates 22.2° N, 107.3° E)

When: Early/Lower Pleistocene (2.6 - 0.8 Ma)

• 4th layer

•Based on the faunal and paleomagnetic correlation, the geological age of Sanhe Cave is estimated to be middle Early Pleistocene, corresponding to approximately 1.2e1.6 Ma (Jin et al., 2008a, 2009a).

Environment/lithology: cave; sandstone

• brown-yellow sand with tiny calcareous breccia

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: Y. Wang, C. Jin, and J.I. Mead. 2014. New remains of Sinomastodon yangziensis (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae) from Sanhe karst Cave, with discussion on the evolution of Pleistocene Sinomastodon in South China. Quaternary International 339-340:90-96 [M. Uhen/A. Glass/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 214689: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Abigail Glass on 12.10.2020, edited by Mark Uhen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Pongo sp., Erictis sp., Parapanulus sp., Kerivoula hardwickei
Mammalia
 Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Ia sp., Miniopterus schreibersi, Tylonycteris fulvidus, Myotis longipes
Ia sp. Thomas 1902 vesper bat
Miniopterus schreibersi Natterer 1819 bend-winged bat
Myotis longipes vesper bat
 Chiroptera - Hipposideridae
Aselliscus wheeleri, Hipposideros amiger, Hipposideros pratti, Hipposideros larvatus, Hipposideros bicolor
Aselliscus wheeleri leaf-nosed bat
Hipposideros amiger roundleaf bat
Hipposideros pratti roundleaf bat
Hipposideros larvatus roundleaf bat
Hipposideros bicolor roundleaf bat
 Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus pani n. sp., Rhinolophus cf. affinis, Rhinolophus cf. rouxi, Rhinolophus cf. pearsoni, Rhinolophus macrotis, Rhinolophus sp.
Rhinolophus pani n. sp. horseshoe bat
Rhinolophus cf. rouxi horseshoe bat
Rhinolophus macrotis horseshoe bat
Rhinolophus sp. Lacépède 1799 horseshoe bat
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Stegodon preorientalias
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Sinomastodon yangziensis
Sinomastodon yangziensis Wang et al. 2014 gomphothere
 Soricomorpha - Talpidae
Uropsilus sp., Mogera cf. insularis
Uropsilus sp. Milne-Edwards 1871 shrew mole
Mogera cf. insularis Swinhoe 1863 insular mole
 Soricomorpha - Soricidae
Suncus sp., Crocidura cf. hosfildi, Anourosorex quadratidens, Soriculus sp., Blarinella sp.
Suncus sp. Ehrenberg 1832 white-toothed shrew
Crocidura cf. hosfildi white-toothed shrew
Soriculus sp. Blyth 1845 red-toothed shrew
Blarinella sp. Thomas 1911 Asiatic short-tailed shrew
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus cf. thibetamus, Ailuropoda wulingshanensis
Ailuropoda wulingshanensis Wang et al. 1982 giant panda
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Melogale sp., Arctonyx collaris, Martes sp.
Melogale sp. Geoffroy 1831 ferret badgers
Arctonyx collaris Cuvier 1825 hog badger
Martes sp. Frisch 1775 marten
 Carnivora - Viverridae
Viverra zibetha
Viverra zibetha Linnaeus 1758 large Indian civet
 Carnivora - Felidae
Panthera pardus, Felis teilhardi, Felis sp.
Panthera pardus Linnaeus 1758 leopard
Felis sp. Linnaeus 1758 cat
 Carnivora - Canidae
Cuon antiquus
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
"Bibos sp." = Bos (Bibos), Caprinae indet., Megalovis guangxiensis
"Bibos sp." = Bos (Bibos) Hodgson 1837 ox
Caprinae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
Cervavitus fenqii, Muntiacus lacustris, "Cervus (Rusa) yunnanensis" = Rusa
Cervavitus fenqii Han 1987 deer
Muntiacus lacustris Teilhard de Chardin and Trassaert 1937 muntjak
"Cervus (Rusa) yunnanensis" = Rusa deer
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
"Dicoryphochoerus ultimus" = Hippopotamodon, Sus xiaozhu, Sus peii
"Dicoryphochoerus ultimus" = Hippopotamodon pig
 Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapirus sinensis
Tapirus sinensis Owen 1870 tapir
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinoceros sinensis
Rhinoceros sinensis Owen 1870 one-horned rhinoceros
 Scandentia - Tupaiidae
Tupaia belangeri
Tupaia belangeri Wagner 1841 tree shrew
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Macaca sp., Procynocephalus sp., Presbytis sp., Rhinopithecus sp.
Macaca sp. Lacépède 1799 macaque
Procynocephalus sp. Schlosser 1924 monkey
Presbytis sp. Eschscholtz 1821 monkey
Rhinopithecus sp. Milne-Edwards 1872 snub-nosed monkey
 Primates - Hylobatidae
Hylobates sp.
Hylobates sp. Illiger 1811 gibbon
 Primates - Hominidae
cf. Hominidae indet., cf. Ponginae indet., Gigantopithecus blacki
cf. Hominidae indet. Gray 1825 ape
cf. Ponginae indet. Elliot 1913 ape
Gigantopithecus blacki von Koenigswald 1935 ape
 Rodentia - Hystricidae
Atherurus sp., Hystrix subcristata, Hystrix magna
Atherurus sp. Cuvier 1829 brush-tailed porcupine
Hystrix magna porcupine
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Eothenomys sp.
Eothenomys sp. Miller 1896 vole
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
Belomys parapearsoni, Petaurista brachyodus, Petaurista sp., Pteromys sp., Dremomys sp., Sciurotamias davidianus
Petaurista brachyodus Giant flying squirrel
Petaurista sp. Link 1795 Giant flying squirrel
Pteromys sp. Cuvier 1800 Eurasian flying squirrel
Dremomys sp. Heude 1898 red-cheeked squirrel
Sciurotamias davidianus Chinese rock squirrel
 Rodentia -
Typhlomys intermedius, Typhlomys cinereus
Typhlomys intermedius Chinese pygmy dormouse
Typhlomys cinereus Milne-Edwards 1877 Chinese pygmy dormouse
 Rodentia - Spalacidae
Rhizomys brachyrhizomyoides
Rhizomys brachyrhizomyoides greater bamboo rat
 Rodentia - Muridae
Apodemus draco, Apodemus cf. peninsulae, Hapalomys gracilis, Hapalomys cf. delacouri, Leopoldamys edwardsioides, Niviventer preconfucianus, Niviventer fulvescens, Rattus sp., Rattus norvegicus, Mus cf. pahari, Chiropodomys cf. gliorides
Apodemus draco Eurasian field mouse
Apodemus cf. peninsulae Eurasian field mouse
Hapalomys gracilis marmoset rat
Rattus sp. Fischer 1803 rat
Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout 1769 brown rat
Mus cf. pahari house mouse
Chiropodomys cf. gliorides pencil-tailed tree mouse
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Nesolagus sp.
Nesolagus sp. Forsyth Major 1899 striped rabbit