Eucalyptocrinites crassus-Lecanocrinus pusillus Assoc., Basal Waldron Unit 3 (Silurian of the United States)

Where: Indiana (39.5° N, 85.7° W: paleocoordinates 27.5° S, 51.7° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Waldron Shale Formation, Wenlock (433.4 - 427.4 Ma)

• "Middle Wenlockian. In Tenn. the equiv. portion of the Waldron Member, Wayne Formation, is mostly in the Kockelella amsdeni Zone." Unit 3 (from bottom) of Frest (1977), which is one of five units within the basal 1 m of the Waldron.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: deep subtidal shelf; calcareous mudstone and wackestone

• "The [wackestone and packstone] are interpreted as winnowed storm debris layers by Feldman (1989)...Echinoderms seldom complete...most cups and calices spar-filled...branching root systems and holdfasts common...Fossils generally concentrated within several m of masses of algal-fistuliporoid Lst...This is most likely an inner BA 4 community..."

•2003.04.06: Environmenal call by S. Peters based on field experience with unit

• "The dominant lithology is a marlstone (calcareous mudstone) with less than 20% megafossil clasts (most of the matrix is fine siliciclastics, but more rarely wackestone to packstone also occur)."

Collection methods: Table 45.38 lists abundances for fauna at Blue Ridge Quarry. I have also included a few additional taxa mentioned in text but not listed in table.

Primary reference: T. J. Frest, C. E. Brett, and B. J. Witzke. 1999. Caradocian-Gedinnian echinoderm associations of Central and Eastern North America. Paleocommunities--a case study from the Silurian and Lower Devonian 638-783 [M. Foote/K. Koverman/P. Wagner]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 26789: authorized by Michael Foote, entered by Michael Foote on 31.10.2002

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Crinoidea
 Diplobathrida - Rhodocrinitidae
 Diplobathrida - Dimerocrinitidae
 Monobathrida - Eucalyptocrinitidae
 Monobathrida -
 Monobathrida - Patelliocrinidae
 Calceocrinida - Calceocrinidae
 Cladida - Botryocrinidae
 Sagenocrinida - Lecanocrinidae
Blastoidea
 Coronata - Stephanocrinidae
Cupulocorona gemmiformis Hall 1872 blastoid
 Fissiculata - Phaenoschismatidae
"Decaschisma pulchellum" = Decaschisma pulchellus
"Decaschisma pulchellum" = Decaschisma pulchellus Miller and Dyer 1878 blastoid
Cyclocystoidea
  - Cyclocystoididae
Sievertsia sp. Smith and Paul 1982
Deuteropoda
  -
Ostracoda indet. Latreille 1802 ostracod
Trilobita
 Phacopida - Dalmanitidae
Dalmanites spp. Barrande 1852 trilobite
 Phacopida - Calymenidae
Calymene niagarensis Hall 1843 trilobite
 Proetida - Otarionidae
 Lichida - Lichidae
Arctinurus sp. Castelnau 1843 trilobite
 Corynexochida - Illaenidae
Illaenidae indet. Hawle and Corda 1847 trilobite
Lophophorata
 Tentaculitida - Cornulitidae
Brachiopoda
  -
Brachiopoda indet. Cuvier 1805
Rhynchonellata
 Atrypida - Atrypidae
Atrypa "reticularis" Linnaeus 1758
 Atrypida - Atrypinidae
 Spiriferida - Cyrtiidae
 Spiriferida - Delthyrididae
Howellella "crispa" Hisinger 1827
 Rhynchonellida - Trigonirhynchiidae
 Rhynchonellida - Rhynchotrematidae
 Rhynchonellida - Hebetoechiidae
 Rhynchonellida - Eatoniidae
 Pentamerida - Parastrophinidae
 Orthida - Hesperorthidae
Ptychopleurella sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1931
 Orthida - Rhipidomellidae
 Orthida - Dicoelosiidae
Dicoelosia sp. King 1850
 Orthida - Dalmanellidae
Isorthis sp. Kozlowski 1929
 Athyridida - Anoplothecidae
Coelospira sp. Hall 1863
 Athyridida - Meristellidae
 Athyridida - Meristidae
Merista sp. Suess 1851
 Athyridida - Nucleospiridae
 Athyridida - Rhynchospirinidae
Homoeospira evax Hall 1863
Chileata
 Dictyonellida - Eichwaldiidae
Strophomenata
 Orthotetida - Triplesiidae
 Orthotetida - Chilidiopsidae
"Coolinia subplana" = Fardenia (Coolinia)
"Coolinia subplana" = Fardenia (Coolinia)
 Strophomenida - Rafinesquinidae
Leptaena rhomboidalis Wahlenberg 1818
 Strophomenida - Strophonellidae
 Strophomenida - Leptestiidae
Leangella sp. Opik 1933
Bryozoa
  -
Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Gastropoda
  -
Gastropoda indet. Cuvier 1795 snail
 Murchisoniina - Loxonematidae
Loxonema sp. Phillips 1841 snail
 Euomphalina - Platyceratidae
Strophostylus cyclostomus, "Naticonema niagarense" = Platyostoma niagarensis, "Platyostoma plebium" = Platyostoma plebeium
"Naticonema niagarense" = Platyostoma niagarensis Hall 1852 snail
"Platyostoma plebium" = Platyostoma plebeium Hall 1876 snail
Bivalvia
 Ostreida - Pterineidae
Cephalopoda
 Nautiloidea -
Nautiloidea indet. Agassiz 1847 nautiloid
Anthozoa
 Rugosa -
Rugosa indet. horn coral
 Heliolitida - Plasmoporidae
Plasmopora sp. Milne-Edwards and Haime 1849 tabulate coral
 Favositida - Favositidae
Favosites forbesi tabulate coral
Favosites spinigerus tabulate coral
unclassified
  -
Porifera indet. Grant 1836
Hexactinellida
 Amphidiscosa - Pelicaspongiidae
Vaurealispongia minuta n. sp. Rigby et al. 1979 glass sponge
Demospongiae
 Lithistida - Astylospongiidae
Astylospongia praemorsa Goldfuss 1826 demosponge