Osztramos locality 2 (Pleistocene of Hungary)

Where: Borsodabaujzemplen, Hungary (48.5° N, 20.8° E: paleocoordinates 48.4° N, 20.7° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

When: Early/Lower Pleistocene (2.6 - 0.8 Ma)

• Middle/Late Lower Pleistocene, similar age to Locality 8, between 1.5 and 1.0Ma.

•Locality 2 consisted of the filling of an enormous cave in the eastern portion of section XII of the quarry, 320 a.s.l. 'The profile of cave, filled entirely with red clay, was 20m long by 14m high at discovery. About 2.5-3.5m above the basement, two layers sloping towards the north were found to contain extreme accumulations of bones which we fully exploited and sedimented.'

Environment/lithology:

• 'red clay.'

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: bulk,

• The cave in question was opened in 1965 and totally blasted in 1969.

Primary reference: D. Janossy. 1986. Pleistocene vertebrate faunas of Hungary. Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, 8. Elsevier, Amsterdam 1-208 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 35428: authorized by Alan Turner, entered by Hannah O'Regan on 12.12.2003

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• The faunal list is from the lower layer, the few large mammal finds were from mixed, waste rock material.
Reptilia
 Squamata - Lacertidae
Lacerta sp. Linnaeus 1758 squamates
 Ophidia -
Aves
 Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Circus aff. cyaneus Linnaeus 1766 Hen harrier
Circus sp. (aff. cyaneus)
 Otidiformes - Otididae
Otis cf. lambrechti Kretzoi 1941 bird
Reptilia
 Galliformes - Phasianidae
Lyrurus cf. partium Kretzoi 1962 pheasant
Francolinus capeki Lambrecht 1933 francolin
Mammalia
 Soricomorpha - Talpidae
Talpa cf. fossilis Petenyi 1864 mole
 Soricomorpha - Soricidae
Crocidura aff. kornfeldi Kormos 1934 white-toothed shrew
Beremendia fissidens Petényi 1864 shrew
Sorex runtonensis Hinton 1911 long-tailed shrew
Sorex cf. margaritodon Kormos 1930 long-tailed shrew
Petenyia hungarica Kormos 1934 red-toothed shrew
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus aff. etruscus Cuvier 1823 bear
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
"Putorius sp." = Mustela (Putorius) Cuvier 1817 polecat
 Carnivora - Felidae
Felis sp. Linnaeus 1758 cat
size of silvestris
Lynx sp. Kerr 1792 lynx
 Carnivora - Canidae
Canis sp. Linnaeus 1758 canine
smaller than wolf.
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
small
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
Cervus sp. Linnaeus 1758 deer
2 species of Cervus s.l. - I = size of Rusa, 2 = Alces group.
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinoceros sp. Linnaeus 1758 one-horned rhinoceros
Rhinoceros s. l. sp.
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758 horse
heavily built, sporadic finds, from another locality?
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
"Hypolagus" "beremendensis" Dice 1917 rabbit
abundant
 Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae
Ochotona sp. Link 1795 pika
 Rodentia - Gliridae
Muscardinus cf. dacicus Kormos 1930 dormouse
Glis cf. sackdillingensis Heller 1930 dormouse
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Cricetus cricetus Linnaeus 1758 European hamster
Cricetus cricetus nanus
Ungaromys sp. Kormos 1932 rodent
Lemmus sp. Link 1795 vole
"Clethrionomys cf. glareolus" = Myodes vole
Mimomys pusillus vole
Mimomys pusillus group
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
"Citellus (Colobotis) sp." = Spermophilus
"Citellus (Colobotis) sp." = Spermophilus Cuvier 1825 ground squirrel
 Rodentia - Muridae
"Apodemus sylvaticus" = Mus sylvaticus, Spalax cf. advenus
"Apodemus sylvaticus" = Mus sylvaticus Linnaeus 1758 wood mouse
Spalax cf. advenus blind mole
 Rodentia - Zapodidae
Sicista praeloriger Kormos 1930 birch mouse
 Chiroptera -
Chiroptera indet. Blumenbach 1779 bat