Full reference: E. A. Stensiö. 1934. On the Placodermi of the Upper Devonian of East Greenland: I. Phyllolepida and Arthrodira. Meddelelser om Grønland 97(1):1-58
Parent taxon: Placodermi according to G. C. Young 2010
See also Denison 1975, Denison 1978, Dineley and Metcalf 1999 and Long 2011
Sister taxa: Acanthothoraci, Acanthothoraciformes, Antiarcha, Antiarchiformes, Arthrodira, Asiacanthus, Austroptyctodus, Bianchengichthys, Brindabellaspida, Campbellodus, Changyonophyton, Coccostei, Coelosteichthys, Deinodus, Entelognathus, Hybosteus, Neopetalichthys, Nessariostoma, Oestophorus, Petalichthida, Petalichthyida, Petalichthyida, Pseudopetalichthyida, Pseudopetalichthyiformes, Ptychostei, Ptyctodontida, Rhenanida, Rhenaniformes, Sedowichthys, Stensioellida, Tollichthys, Wangolepis, Yunnanacanthus
Subtaxa: Antarctaspina Gavinaspididae Phyllolepina