Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Parent taxon: Caninae according to S. Bartolini Lucenti 2021
See also Clark 2005, de Bonis et al. 2007, Hartstone-Rose et al. 2013, Ruiz-Ramoni et al. 2022, Tedford and Wang 2008, Tedford et al. 2009 and Wang et al. 2008
Sister taxa: Aenocyon, Canini, Canis, Chrysocyon, Leptocyon, Lycalopex, Nyctereutes, Protocyon, Theriodictis
Subtaxa: Ferrucyon Metalopex Otocyon Prototocyon Urocyon
Ecology: ground dwelling carnivore-omnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Canada (1: Ontario collection), France (1), Kenya (3), Mexico (1), South Africa (5), Tanzania (1), United States (53: Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia), Venezuela (1), Zambia (1)
• Blancan of Mexico (2), United States (7: Arizona, California, Kansas, Texas)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of South Africa (1)
• Pliocene of Tanzania (1)
• Hemphillian of United States (6: California, Florida, Idaho, Nebraska, Nevada, Texas)
• Miocene of United States (7: Arizona, California, Florida, Oregon)
Total: 91 collections including 93 occurrences