Parent taxon: Teleostei according to G. Carnevale and S. J. Godfrey 2018
See also Fierstine et al. 2012, Jordan 1963, Long 2011, Nelson 2006, Nelson et al. 2016 and Sepkoski 2002
Sister taxa: Acanthopteri, Acregoliath, Amphiuma nordica, Araripchthyiformes, Asiatolepis, Bathyclupeiformes, Catosteomi, Chongichthyidae, Chromides, Crossognathiformes, Discocephali, Dorsetichthyiformes, Elopocephalai, Euteleosteii, Gasterosteiformes, Gobioidea, Ichthyodectiformes, Jinanichthys, Jugulares, Lampriformes, Leptolepidiformes, Leucichthyops, Longdeichthys, Luisiella, Lyopomi, Malacopteri, Opisthomi, Osteoglossocephalai, Osteossomorpha, Paralycoptera, Pediculati, Percomorphacea, Pharyngognathi, Pholidophoriformes, Polymyxiomorpha, Stephanoberyciformes, Symbranchia, Teleocephala, Teleosteorum, Todiltia, Tonghuaichthys, Tselfatiiformes, Xenopterygii, Ypsiloichthys
Subtaxa: Anoplopomatoidei Aploactinidae Bathylutichthyidae Bembridae Caracanthidae Congiopodidae Cottoidei Ctenopomichthys Eschmeyeridae Eulophiidae Eutrigla Gnathanacanthidae Hexagrammoidei Hoplichthyidae Jordaniidae Neoplatycephalus Normanichthyidae Notesthes Ophiodon Pataecidae Peristediidae Plectrogeniidae Podothecus Ptilichthyidae Rhamphocottidae Scorpaenichthyidae Scytalinidae Trichodontidae Triglidae Zaniolepididae Zaniolepis