Osteichthyes - Ophidiiformes - Ophidiidae
Parent taxon: Ophidioidei according to R. van der Laan 2019
See also Bannikov 2014, Betancur et al. 2013, Carnevale et al. 2014, Constantin 1999, Ebersole et al. 2019, Fierstine et al. 2012, Frizzell and Dante 1965, Jordan 1963, Lin et al. 2017, Lin et al. 2017, Nelson et al. 2016, Schwarzhans 2003, Schwarzhans and Bratischko 2011 and Schwarzhans and Nielsen 2021
Sister taxa: Carapidae, Ophidioidae
Subtaxa: Aequalobythites Ampheristus Bassozetus Chilara Fierasfer Genypterinae Hoplobrotula Hoplobrotuloides Hypopleuron Lepophidium Neobythites Neobythitinae Nolfophidion Ophidiidarum Ophidiinae Ophidion Ophidium voltianum Otophidium Pseudaequalobythites Sirembinae Sirembola Spectrunculus Zonobythites
Ecology: nektobenthic carnivore-parasite
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Greece (4 collections), Italy (2), United States (4: California, Louisiana)
• Mangapanian of New Zealand (1)
• Pliocene of Chile (1), Ecuador (1), Greece (1), Jamaica (1), New Zealand (1), United States (3: California, Florida, North Carolina)
• Miocene of Argentina (2), Australia (2), Belgium (1), Chile (10), France (3), Germany (2), Italy (3), New Zealand (14), Panama (7), Spain (1)
• Neogene of Indonesia (1)
• Waitakian of New Zealand (2)
• Oligocene of Australia (4), France (1), Germany (1), Hungary (1), New Zealand (4), United States (1: Louisiana)
• Eocene of Antarctica (1), Australia (5), Barbados (1), Belgium (1), France (8), Germany (1), Indonesia (1), Italy (1), New Zealand (16), the United Kingdom (13), United States (20: Alabama, Louisiana, Maryland, Texas, Virginia)
• Tertiary of United States (1: Mississippi)
• Paleocene of Denmark (4), Greenland (1), Ukraine (1), United States (1: Alabama)
• Cretaceous of United States (1: Maryland)
Total: 156 collections including 260 occurrences