Parent taxon: Eukaryota according to E. Taylor et al. 2008
Sister taxa: Allonema, Archaeplastida, Birrindudutuba, Changchengia, Chlorobiota, Chromalveolata, Chromista, Conglobocella, Dictyosphaera, Dinophyta, Euglenophyta, Filinexum, Gigantosphaeridium, Glossophyton, Kamolineata, Limbunyasphaera, Palaeosiphonella, Plantae, Protista, Protozoa, Prymnesiophyta, Rhizopodea, Sarcomastigophora, Satka, Siphonoseptum, Spiromorpha, Stramenopila, Tappania, Tuanshanzia, Valeria
Subtaxa: Acanthodiacrodium Acanthorytidodiacrodium Acanthozonodiacrodium Angularia Appendisphaera Applanopsis Archaeodiscina Archaeofavosina Archaeohystrichosphaeridium Archaeoperisaccus Archaeopertusina Artemisiocysta Ascostomocystis Asperatopsophosphaera Asseserium Asteridium Bacillidinium Bacisphaeridium Baltisphaeridium Bavlinella Brochopsophosphaera Buedingiisphaeridium Ceratocystidiopsis Ceratosphaeridium Chuaria Circulisporites Cirrifera Clavaticystis Codonia Codoniella Comasphaeridium Concentricystes Coronopsis Cristallinium Cyclodictyon Cyclopsiella Cymatiosphaera Cymatiosphaeroides Dasydiacrodium Dasyrytidodiacrodium Deunffia Dictyosphaeridium Dictyotidium Dimastigobolus Diplofusa Disphaeria Domasia Domasiella Epicephalopyxis Estiastra Eupoikilofusa Filisphaeridium Fromea Gemmuloides Gorgonisphaeridium Granodiscus Granomarginata Halodinium Halophoridia Heliosphaeridium Kildinella Korilophyton Korojonia Lacunalites Leiofusa Leiomarginata Leiominuscula Leiopsophosphaera Leiosphaera Leiosphaeridium Limbicysta Lophodiacrodium Lophominuscula Lophorytidodiacrodium Lophosphaeridium Lophozonodiacrodium Lunulidia Lusatia Margominuscula Mecsekia Megasacculina Membranolimbus Membranosphaera Micrhystridium Microconcentrica Microforaminiferal Microrugosina Multifronsphaeridium Nucellosphaeridium Nummus Ocalasphaera Odontothrix Ooidium Operculites Ophiobolus Orygmatosphaeridium Palaeobion Palaeocryptidium Palaeostomocystis Paucilobimorpha Peteinosphaeridium Piperodinium Platycystidia Poikilofusa Polyedrosphaeridium Priscotheca Protoarchaeosacculina Protocridosphaeridium Protoleiosphaeridium Protosphaeridium Prototrematosphaeridium Pterocystidiopsis Pterospermopsis Pterosphaeridia Quadrina Quisquilites Recticystis Retisphaeridium Rhombodella Schismatosphaeridium Schizocystia Schizofusa Simia Simsangia Singraulipollenites Solisphaeridium Spicadinium Staplinium Stictosphaeridium Stylodiniopsis Symplassosphaeridium Synsphaeridium Tanarium Tetrabrachiophora Trachydiacrodium Trachyhystrichosphaera Trachysphaeridium Trematosphaeridium Trigonopyxidia Trigonopyxis Variomargosphaeridium Vavososphaeridium Veryhachium Wilsonastrum Zonooidium Zonosphaeridium
Distribution:
• Miocene of Azerbaijan (2 collections), United States (1: Maryland)
• Oligocene of Argentina (1), Azerbaijan (3), Denmark (2)
• Eocene to Oligocene of Chile (1)
• Eocene of Antarctica (1), Myanmar (5), United States (1: Alaska)
• Paleocene of Argentina (7), United States (4: Missouri)
• Cretaceous of Antarctica (9), Argentina (8), Brazil (1), Canada (3: Northwest Territories, Saskatchewan), Chile (4), Cote D'Ivoire (3), Egypt (4), India (2), Israel (7), Mexico (1), Pakistan (1), Portugal (5), the Russian Federation (1), Senegal (1), South Sudan (1), the United Kingdom (1)
• Jurassic to Cretaceous of India (1)
• Jurassic of Argentina (1), France (1), India (2), the Russian Federation (9), the United Kingdom (1)
• Triassic to Jurassic of the United Kingdom (1)
• Triassic of Antarctica (1), Canada (1: Alberta), Greenland (1), Hungary (19), Ireland (2), Israel (36), Madagascar (1), the Netherlands (3), Norway (18), Poland (2), Turkey (1)
• Rotliegendes of Norway (12)
• Permian of Canada (3: Alberta, Nunavut), Germany (5), Greenland (1), India (1), Ireland (10), Norway (11), Poland (16)
• Devonian of Canada (2: Nunavut), China (1), the Czech Republic (1), Saudi Arabia (1), United States (1: Ohio)
• Silurian of Canada (2: Nunavut, Québec), China (1), Ireland (1), Norway (4), the Russian Federation (13), Ukraine (1), the United Kingdom (3), United States (1: Florida)
• Volkhov of the Russian Federation (1)
• Arenig of Spain (1)
• Ordovician of Canada (3: Quebec, Québec), China (1), the Russian Federation (3), Serbia and Montenegro (1), Sweden (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (1: Oklahoma)
• Tremadoc of Spain (3), the United Kingdom (1)
• Cambrian of China (5), the Czech Republic (1), Finland (1), Greenland (2), Iran (1), Mongolia (1), Norway (3), the Russian Federation (5), Spain (1)
• Amgan of the Russian Federation (1)
• Wonokan of Argentina (2)
• Ediacaran of Brazil (3), Burkina Faso (1), Canada (4: Newfoundland and Labrador, Nunavut), China (4), Estonia (2), Iran (3), Kazakhstan (1), Mongolia (1), Namibia (2), Norway (13), the Russian Federation (2), Spain (1)
• Vendian of the Russian Federation (9)
• Neoproterozoic of China (1), India (1), Norway (3)
• Tonian of Canada (12: Northwest Territories, Yukon), the Congo-Kinshasa (3), India (1), the Russian Federation (1), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (2), United States (1: Utah)
• Stenian of Canada (1: Nunavut)
• Calymmian of United States (3: Montana)
• Mesoproterozoic of Canada (1: Nunavut), India (1)
• Statherian of China (5), India (1)
• Proterozoic of United States (1: Arizona)
Total: 396 collections including 881 occurrences