Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Full reference: J. H. Quinn. 1955. Miocene Equidae of the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain. Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas Report of Investigations 5516:1-102
Parent taxon: Equinae according to B. J. MacFadden 1998
See also Baskin 1991, Bravo-Cuevas and FerrusquÃa-Villafranca 2006, Bravo-Cuevas and Ferrusquia-Villafranca 2008, Hulbert and Whitmore 2006, Kelly 1995, Mooser 1963 and Quinn 1955
Sister taxa: Acritohippus, Calippini, Equini, Hippodon, Hippotheriini, Merychippus, Protohippini, Scaphohippus, Stylonus
Subtaxa: Cormohipparion Eurygnathohippus Hipparion Hipparion anthonyi Hippotherium Hippotherium sinclairi Nannippus Neohipparion Pseudhipparion
Ecology: ground dwelling grazer-browser
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Algeria (1 collection), Azerbaijan (2), China (2), Djibouti (1), Eritrea (1), Ethiopia (89), France (1), Greece (1), Kenya (51), Mexico (2), South Africa (4), Spain (1), Tanzania (18), Turkey (1), United States (4: Florida, Kansas, South Carolina)
• Blancan of Mexico (8), United States (60: Arizona, California, Florida, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Texas)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of China (1), Ethiopia (6), Kenya (3), Malawi (2), South Africa (2), Turkey (1)
• Pliocene of Armenia (1), Bulgaria (1), Chad (3), China (17), Egypt (2), Ethiopia (31), Georgia (2), Greece (8), Hungary (2), India (2), Italy (1), Kazakhstan (3), Kenya (21), Malawi (3), Moldova (2), Mongolia (1), Morocco (1), Myanmar (1), Romania (4), the Russian Federation (6), South Africa (6), Spain (6), Tanzania (32), Turkey (1), Uganda (2), Ukraine (8), United States (6: California, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma)
• MN 13 of China (1), Moldova (3), Portugal (1)
• Hemphillian of Canada (1: Alberta), Honduras (4), Mexico (25), United States (116: Alabama, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Louisiana, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Oklahoma, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas)
• Miocene to Pleistocene of Ethiopia (1)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Chad (1), Ethiopia (4), Greece (2), Kazakhstan (5), Kenya (4), Mongolia (1), South Africa (6), Tanzania (3), Turkey (1), Uganda (21), Ukraine (1), United States (18: California, Florida, Montana, Oklahoma)
• Neogene of Ukraine (3)
• Miocene of Afghanistan (1), Algeria (5), Austria (4), Bulgaria (8), Canada (29: Saskatchewan), Chad (1), China (29), Costa Rica (1), El Salvador (1), Ethiopia (2), France (4), Georgia (2), Germany (1), Greece (52), Guatemala (1), Hungary (2), India (3), Iran (1), Iraq (1), Italy (2), Kazakhstan (2), Kenya (6), Kyrgyzstan (1), Lebanon (1), Mexico (4), Moldova (10), Morocco (2), Myanmar (1), Nepal (1), Pakistan (8), Panama (1), Romania (2), the Russian Federation (3), Slovakia (3), South Africa (2), Spain (20), Syria (1), Tajikistan (3), Thailand (2), Tunisia (7), Turkey (9), Uganda (5), Ukraine (15), the United Arab Emirates (1), United States (400: California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Washington, Wyoming)
Total: 1317 collections including 1672 occurrences