Chondrichthyes - Rajiformes - Rajidae
Alternative spelling: Raiidae
Parent taxon: Rajiformes according to D. J. Cicimurri et al. 2022
See also Bendix-Almgreen 1983, Cahuzac et al. 2007, Cappetta 1980, Cappetta 1987, Cassier 1966, Cicimurri and Knight 2009, Eastman 1904, Hay 1902, Jonet 1968, Jordan 1963, Kent 2018, Leriche 1942, Nelson et al. 2016, Owen 1859, Purdy et al. 2001, Thurmond and Jones 1981, Underwood 2006, Villafaña et al. 2020 and Woodward 1889
Sister taxa: Antiquaobatis, Archaeobatidae, Archingeayia, Cyclobatidae, Dynatobatis, Engolismaia, Erguitaia, Hamrabatis, Hexatrygon, Hypolophidae, Hypsobatidae, Kiestus, Myeladaphus, Oncobatis, Ostarriraja, Parapalaeobatidae, Plesiobatis, Pristoidei, Rajoidei, Rhina, Rhinobatoidei, Sclerorhynchoidei, Sechmetia, Spathobatidae, Squatirhina, Tanoutia, Tomewingia, Torpedinoidea, Urobatis, Urotrygon, Zanobatus, Iberotrygon
Subtaxa: Actinobatis Amblyraja Batis Beringraja Cephaleutherus Dactylobatus Dasybatus Dipturus Hieroptera Laeviraja Leucoraja Malacorhina Nebriimimus Pararaja Platopterus Propterygia Psammobatis Raja Rajinae Sympterygia Uraptera Walteraja
Ecology: nektobenthic carnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of the United Kingdom (2 collections), United States (8: California, Oregon, Virginia)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Italy (1)
• Pliocene of Argentina (2), Italy (1), the Netherlands (2), United States (10: California, North Carolina, South Carolina)
• MN 13 of Portugal (2)
• Miocene of Argentina (2), Belgium (1), Chile (1), Costa Rica (1), the Czech Republic (2), Denmark (1), Germany (1), India (2), Japan (2), Malta (1), the Netherlands (4), Panama (1), Poland (1), Portugal (2), Slovakia (1), South Africa (1), United States (7: California, Virginia)
• Oligocene of Germany (3), United States (3: South Carolina)
• Eocene of France (2), Germany (1), Ukraine (1), United States (4: Alabama, Georgia, Oregon, Texas)
• Paleocene of Niger (1)
• Cretaceous of India (1), Lebanon (4), Sweden (3), Trinidad and Tobago (1), United States (7: Colorado, Kansas, Maryland, North Carolina, North Dakota, Texas, Wyoming)
• Triassic of Germany (1)
Total: 91 collections including 101 occurrences