†family Lingulidae Gray 1840 (lamp shell)

Lingulata - Lingulida - Lingulidae

Parent taxon: Linguloidea according to C. C. Emig et al. 2013

See also Emig and Bitner 2005, Emig and Herrera 2006, Holmer and Bengtson 2009, Huxley 1869, Kiessling 2003, Peng and Shi 2008, Raymond 1911, Ulrich and Cooper 1936 and Williams et al. 2000

Sister taxa: Aulonotretidae, Bistramia, Dysoristidae, Elkaniidae, Eoobolidae, Kyrshabaktellidae, Laima, Lingulasmatidae, Lingulellotretidae, Lingulipora, Obolidae, Oxlosia, Paterulidae, Pseudolingulidae, Timalina, Tomasina, Zhanatellidae

Subtaxa: Apsilingula Barroisella Credolingula Dignomia Eolingularia Glottidiinae Langella Lingula Lingularia Lingulinae Lunoglossa Semilingula Sinolingularia Trentingula

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Ecology: facultatively mobile infaunal suspension feeder

Distribution:

• Quaternary of France (1 collection), India (1), United States (3: California)

• Pliocene to Pleistocene of United States (1: California)

• Pliocene of Belgium (1), the Netherlands (5), the United Kingdom (6), United States (1: Virginia)

• Miocene of Austria (2), Germany (3), Hungary (1), Italy (2), the Netherlands (1), Poland (5), Romania (1), Slovakia (1), Ukraine (1)

• Oligocene to Miocene of Antarctica (1)

• Eocene of Antarctica (9), New Zealand (2), the United Kingdom (2), United States (1: Texas)

• Paleogene of Antarctica (1)

• Cretaceous to Paleogene of New Zealand (1)

• Cretaceous of Antarctica (1), Brazil (1), Cameroon (1), Canada (7: Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan), Chile (2), Colombia (1), Germany (1), Greenland (2), Hungary (1), Kazakhstan (1), Poland (9), the Russian Federation (4), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (4), the United Kingdom (11), United States (42: Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Kansas, Minnesota, Montana, North Carolina, Texas, Wyoming), Uzbekistan (1)

• Jurassic of Antarctica (1), Canada (1: Yukon), Chile (4), Denmark (2), France (10), Greenland (24), India (1), Portugal (7), the Russian Federation (6), Spain (20), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (4), Ukraine (19), the United Kingdom (26), United States (2: California)

• Triassic of Australia (1), Austria (8), Bosnia and Herzegovina (2), Canada (1: British Columbia), China (148), France (17), Germany (16), Greenland (7), Hungary (12), Iran (2), Iraq (1), Israel (3), Italy (32), Japan (2), Jordan (2), Kazakhstan (1), Mexico (1), New Zealand (13), Pakistan (3), the Russian Federation (49), Spain (4), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (17), Thailand (1), Tunisia (4), United States (35: Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming), Vietnam (1)

• Leonard of United States (3: Montana, Utah, Wyoming)

• Permian of Antarctica (1), Australia (3), Bolivia (3), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1), Brazil (1), Canada (2: Alberta, Nunavut), China (44), Italy (1), Lithuania (2), Oman (3), Pakistan (3), the Russian Federation (45), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (1), Ukraine (1), the United Kingdom (5), United States (31: Alaska, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming)

• Virgilian of United States (14: Illinois, Kansas, New Mexico, Ohio, Texas)

• Desmoinesian of United States (22: Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma)

• Westphalian of the United Kingdom (5)

• Namurian of Spain (1)

• Chesterian of United States (2: Arkansas, Wyoming)

• Osagean of United States (1: Utah)

• Carboniferous of Australia (1), Canada (1: Yukon), China (1), the Czech Republic (2), Germany (3), Ireland (2), the United Kingdom (91), United States (37: Arizona, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa/Illinois, Kansas, Maryland, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, New mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas)

• Mississippian of the United Kingdom (1), United States (1: California)

• Devonian of Antarctica (3), Argentina (1), Australia (2), Belarus (1), Brazil (37), Canada (16: Alberta, Northern Territories, Northwest Territories, Northwest Territories and Yukon, Nunavut, Ontario), China (7), the Czech Republic (5), France (2), Ghana (1), Mauritania (1), New Zealand (1), Norway (1), Poland (6), the Russian Federation (3), Saudi Arabia (1), South Africa (7), Ukraine (1), the United Kingdom (2), United States (143: Alaska, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin), Uruguay (1), Vietnam (2)

• Silurian to Devonian of Argentina (1), the Russian Federation (1)

• Silurian of Argentina (1), Australia (3), Brazil (1), Canada (39: Nova Scotia, Ontario), China (13), the Czech Republic (8), Estonia (1), Greenland (1), Latvia (2), Lithuania (25), Mongolia (1), Norway (1), Paraguay (2), Poland (2), the Russian Federation (1), Sweden (2), the United Kingdom (48), United States (53: Alaska, California, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia)

• Ordovician of Argentina (1), Australia (18), Bolivia (10), Canada (18: Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec), China (11), the Czech Republic (1), France (1), Norway (4), the Russian Federation (1), Sweden (4), the United Kingdom (4), United States (31: Georgia, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Utah, Virginia), Venezuela (1)

• Llandeilo of China (1)

• Arenig of Argentina (1), China (8)

• Cambrian of Australia (1), China (1), France (2), United States (1: South Dakota )

Total: 1557 collections including 1631 occurrences

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