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Notiomastodon platensis

Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae

Taxonomy
Mastodon platensis was named by Ameghino (1888).

It was recombined as Stegomastodon platensis by Cabrera (1929) and Zurita et al. (2004); it was recombined as Notiomastodon platensis by Ferreti (2008), Mothé et al. (2012) and Mothé et al. (2016).

Synonyms
  • Haplomastodon waringi was named by Holland (1920).

    It was recombined as Stegomastodon waringi by Holand (1920) and Alberdi and Prado (1995); it was synonymized subjectively with Haplomastodon chimborazi by Ficarelli (1994); it was synonymized subjectively with Notiomastodon platensis by Mothé et al. (2012) and Mothé et al. (2016).
  • Haplomastodon chimborazi was named by Proaño (1922).

    It was synonymized objectively with Haplomastodon waringi by Simpson and Paula-Couto (1957); it was synonymized subjectively with Notiomastodon platensis by Mothé et al. (2012) and Mothé et al. (2016).
  • Haplomastodon (Aleamastodon) guayasensis was named by Hoffstetter (1952). Its type specimen is EPN V. 2010, a partial skeleton, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is La Carolina, which is in a Pleistocene estuary/bay sandstone/tar in Ecuador.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Haplomastodon chimborazi by Ficarelli et al. (1994).
  • Amahuacatherium peruvium was named by Romero-Pittman (1996). It is not extant. Its type specimen is INGEMMET N. 2801, a mandible (Mandibles with dentition, lacking ascending rami and symphysis; partial M3's, and postcranial fragments).

    It was synonymized subjectively with Notiomastodon platensis by Mothé and Avilla (2015).
  • Mastodon bonaerensis was named by Moreno (1888).

    It was synonymized subjectively with Mastodon platensis by Ameghino (1889).
  • Mastodon superbus was named by Ameghino (1888).

    It was recombined as Stegomastodon superbus by Cabrera (1930); it was synonymized subjectively with Notiomastodon platensis by Mothé et al. (2012).
  • Notiomastodon ornatus was named by Cabrera (1929) [Playa del Barco, Monte Hermoso but specific locality unknown]. It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Playa del Barco, which is in a Pleistocene terrestrial horizon in Argentina.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Notiomastodon platensis by Mothé et al. (2012).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1888Mastodon platensis Ameghino
1888Mastodon superbus Ameghino
1888Mastodon bonaerensis Moreno
1920Stegomastodon waringi Holand
1920Haplomastodon waringi Holland
1922Haplomastodon chimborazi Proaño
1929Notiomastodon ornatus Cabrera
1929Stegomastodon platensis Cabrera
1930Stegomastodon superbus Cabrera
1952Haplomastodon chimborazi Hoffstetter p. 192
1952Haplomastodon (Aleamastodon) guayasensis Hoffstetter p. 208 figs. Fig. 47,48,50,52-58. Pl. VII, fig. 6-9
1956Haplomastodon waringi Paula Couto p. 106
1995Stegomastodon waringi Alberdi and Prado
1996Amahuacatherium peruvium Romero-Pittman
2004Stegomastodon platensis Zurita et al.
2008Notiomastodon platensis Ferreti
2012Notiomastodon platensis Mothé et al.
2016Notiomastodon platensis Mothé et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
RankNameAuthor
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
—Tethytheria
orderProboscidea()
familyGomphotheriidaeHay 1922
subfamilyCuvieroniinaeCabrera 1929
genusNotiomastodon
speciesplatensis(Ameghino 1888)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Notiomastodon platensis Ameghino 1888
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Invalid names: Amahuacatherium peruvium Romero-Pittman 1996 [synonym], Haplomastodon chimborazi Proaño 1922 [synonym], Mastodon bonaerensis Moreno 1888 [synonym], Notiomastodon ornatus Cabrera 1929 [synonym], Stegomastodon superbus Ameghino 1888 [synonym], Stegomastodon waringi Holland 1920 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
Romero-Pittman 1996 (Amahuacatherium peruvium)Gomphotheriid with mandibles short (brevirostrine condition), very shallow below M3, with total depth approximately two-thirds of width. Lower tusks present, rooted under and immediately medial to posterior portion of M2, with roots with relatively large dorsal groove above longitudinal axes. M3 with 5 lophids and a terminal cone (or half lophid), all lophids anteriorly convex, primary cones slender and inclined anteriad; and post trite cones placed anterior to pretrite cones; separation of apexes of primary cones in each lophid equal to height of individual cones; accessory buttressing conules present on all ptretrite cones; trefoiling on all pretrite cones with moderate wear, incipient trefoiling on some posttrite cones with moderate to extreme wear; multiple small conules in lingual valleys; anterior and labial cingular, but no lingual cingulum. M2 with posterior lophid with pretrite trefoiling, no posttrite trefoiling, multiple small conules, and no lingual or labial cingulae. Upper third molars with multiple small conules.
D. Mothé et al. 2012A species of gomphothere that differs from the species of Rhynchotherium
and Gomphotherium in having no lower tusks. It differs from the species of Cuvieronius by the absence of spiraled torsion and spiral enamel band in upper tusks. It differs from the species of Rhynchotherium, Gomphotherium, and Cuvieronius by having a brachycephalic skull with a high parieto-occipital region (“elephantoid” condition, also cited by Ferretti, 2008), and molar teeth
more complex and with larger number of cones. It differs from Stegomastodon texanus and the species of Sinomastodon by the loss of the supraorbitals foramen. Differs from S. texanus by possessing a higher land more anteriorly oriented ascending ramus and the posterior opening of the mandibular canal (mandibular foramen), placed more dorsal on the medial side of the ascending ramus.