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Chelydridae
Taxonomy
Chelydridae was named by Swainson (1839) [incorrectly credited by someone (Carrano?) to L. Agassiz 1857]. It is extant. Its type is Chelydra.
It was synonymized subjectively with Emydidae by Cope (1871); it was reranked as the unranked clade Chelydridae by Joyce (2016).
It was assigned to Cryptodira by Hay (1902), Hay (1908); to Cryptodiri by Jaekel (1911), Perrier (1928); to Emydoidae by Hay (1930); to Chelydroidea by Baur (1893), Mlynarski (1981); to Testudinoidea by Kuhn (1966), Gaffney (1975), Carroll (1988); to Cryptodira by de Broin and de la Fuente (1993); to Testudines by Shoshani et al. (1989), Frank and Ramus (1996); to Cryptodira by Lydekker (1889), Holroyd and Hutchison (2002), Hutchison and Holroyd (2003); to Durocryptodira by Danilov and Parham (2008); to Testudines by Böhme (2008); to Chelydroidea by Knauss et al. (2011); to Eucryptodira by Peng et al. (2001), Hutchison et al. (2013), Brinkman (2013); to Panchelydridae by Joyce (2016); and to Cryptodira by Cope (1875), Zittel (1890), Gadow (1898), Stefano (1903), Lambe (1908), Kuhn (1946), Joyce et al. (2004), van Dijk et al. (2014), Rhodin et al. (2017), Cadena et al. (2017).
It was synonymized subjectively with Emydidae by Cope (1871); it was reranked as the unranked clade Chelydridae by Joyce (2016).
It was assigned to Cryptodira by Hay (1902), Hay (1908); to Cryptodiri by Jaekel (1911), Perrier (1928); to Emydoidae by Hay (1930); to Chelydroidea by Baur (1893), Mlynarski (1981); to Testudinoidea by Kuhn (1966), Gaffney (1975), Carroll (1988); to Cryptodira by de Broin and de la Fuente (1993); to Testudines by Shoshani et al. (1989), Frank and Ramus (1996); to Cryptodira by Lydekker (1889), Holroyd and Hutchison (2002), Hutchison and Holroyd (2003); to Durocryptodira by Danilov and Parham (2008); to Testudines by Böhme (2008); to Chelydroidea by Knauss et al. (2011); to Eucryptodira by Peng et al. (2001), Hutchison et al. (2013), Brinkman (2013); to Panchelydridae by Joyce (2016); and to Cryptodira by Cope (1875), Zittel (1890), Gadow (1898), Stefano (1903), Lambe (1908), Kuhn (1946), Joyce et al. (2004), van Dijk et al. (2014), Rhodin et al. (2017), Cadena et al. (2017).
Subtaxa
Broilia, Broilia robusta, Chelydra (syn. Saurochelys, Ophichelone, Emysaurus, Devisia, Rapara, Chelonura) (type genus), Chelydra argillarum, Chelydra strausi (syn. Chelydropsis nopcsai), Chelydrinae, Chelydrops, Chelydropsinae, Chelydropsis (syn. Macrocephalochelys), Chelydropsis minax (syn. Chelydrasia poena), Emys sansaniensis, Emysaurus meilheuratiae, Hydraspis oeningensis, Leptochelys, Leptochelys braneti, Macrochelys (syn. Gypochelys), Planiplastron, Protochelydrinae, Testudo grandis
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1835 | Hydraspis oeningensis Fitzinger |
| 1836 | Hydraspis oeningensis Fitzinger |
| 1839 | Chelydridae Swainson |
| 1846 | Emysaurus meilheuratiae Pomel |
| 1851 | Emys sansaniensis Lartet figs. plate 9, fig. 2 |
| 1875 | Chelydridae Cope p. 16 |
| 1889 | Chelydridae Lydekker p. 133 |
| 1890 | Chelydridae Zittel p. 532 |
| 1893 | Chelydridae Baur p. 673 |
| 1898 | Chelydridae Gadow p. 20 |
| 1900 | Chelydra argillarum Laube |
| 1902 | Chelydridae Hay p. 444 |
| 1902 | Ocadia sansaniensis de Stefano p. 269 |
| 1903 | Chelydridae Stefano p. 74 |
| 1908 | Chelydridae Hay p. 221 |
| 1908 | Chelydridae Lambe |
| 1911 | Chelydridae Jaekel p. 186 |
| 1928 | Chelydridae Perrier p. 3112 |
| 1930 | Chelydridae Hay p. 84 |
| 1934 | Chelydropsis nopcsai Szalai |
| 1935 | Emys aquitanensis Bergounioux fig. 36 |
| 1946 | Chelydridae Kuhn p. 58 |
| 1951 | Emys sansaniensis Lartet |
| 1959 | Testudo grandis Macarovici and Vancea |
| 1965 | Broilia Bergounioux and Crouzel |
| 1965 | Broilia robusta Bergounioux and Crouzel |
| 1965 | Leptochelys Bergounioux and Crouzel |
| 1965 | Leptochelys braneti Bergounioux and Crouzel |
| 1966 | Chelydridae Kuhn p. 25 |
| 1966 | Chelydra strausi Schmidt |
| 1971 | Chelydropsis minax Ckhikvadze |
| 1971 | Chelydropsis poena Ckhikvadze |
| 1975 | Chelydridae Gaffney p. 429 |
| 1981 | Chelydridae Mlynarski |
| 1988 | Broilia Carroll |
| 1988 | Chelydridae Carroll |
| 1989 | Chelydridae Shoshani et al. p. 436 |
| 1993 | Chelydridae de Broin and de la Fuente p. 11 |
| 1996 | Chelydridae Frank and Ramus |
| 2000 | Ptychogaster sansaniensis de Lapparent de Broin |
| 2001 | Chelydridae Peng et al. p. 23 |
| 2002 | Chelydridae Holroyd and Hutchison p. 181 |
| 2003 | Chelydridae Hutchison and Holroyd |
| 2004 | Chelydridae Joyce et al. |
| 2008 | Chelydridae Böhme p. 168 |
| 2008 | Chelydridae Danilov and Parham |
| 2008 | Chelydrasia minax Hutchison |
| 2008 | Chelydrasia poena Hutchison |
| 2008 | Chelydropsis nopcsai Hutchison |
| 2011 | Chelydridae Knauss et al. |
| 2013 | Chelydridae Brinkman |
| 2013 | Chelydridae Hutchison et al. |
| 2014 | Chelydridae van Dijk et al. |
| 2016 | Chelydridae Joyce |
| 2017 | Chelydridae Cadena et al. |
| 2017 | Chelydridae Rhodin et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Chelydridae Swainson 1839
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G. Chelydra Schweigger 1812 [Snapping turtle]
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Chelydra acutirostris Peters 1862 [South American snapping turtle]
Chelydra rossignonii Bocourt 1868 [Central American snapping turtle]
Chelydra serpentina Linnaeus 1758 [Common snapping turtle]
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Invalid names: Chelydra emarginata Agassiz 1857 [synonym], Chelydra lacertina Schweigger 1812 [synonym], Chelydra laticarinata Hay 1916 [synonym], Chelydra osceola Stejneger 1918 [synonym], Chelydra sculpta Hay 1916 [synonym], Devisia mythodes Ogilby 1905 [synonym], Macrochelys floridana Hay 1907 [synonym], Testudo longicauda Shaw in Gray 1831 [synonym], Testudo serpentaria Wiedemann 1802 [synonym], Testudo serrata Pennant in Gray 1830 [synonym]
Invalid names: Cheliurus Rafinesque 1815 [nomen nudum], Chelonura Fleming 1822 [synonym], Devisia Ogilby 1905 [synonym], Emysaurus Dumeril and Bibron 1835 [synonym], Ophichelone Jarocki 1822 [synonym], Rapara Gray 1825 [synonym], Saurochelys Latreille 1825 [synonym]
G. †Chelydrops Peters 1868
G. †Chelydropsis Peters 1868
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†Chelydropsis apellanizi Murelaga et al. 1999
†Chelydropsis aubasi Joyce et al. 2022
†Chelydropsis heweneggensis Pappa et al. 2024
†Chelydropsis kusnetzovi Chkhikvadze 1985
†Chelydropsis manuascensis Bergounioux 1936
†Chelydropsis murchisoni Bell 1836
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Invalid names: Chelydra allingensis Fuchs 1939 [synonym], Chelydropsis carinata Peters 1868 [synonym], Chelydropsis murchisoni staeschei Mlynarski 1980 [synonym], Chelydropsis staeschei Mlynarski 1980 [synonym], Trionyx sansaniensis Bergounioux 1935 [synonym]
†Chelydropsis pontica Pidoplichko and Tarashchuk 1960
†Chelydropsis sansaniensis Bergounioux 1935
Invalid names: Macrocephalochelys Pidoplichko and Tarashchuk 1960 [synonym]
G. Macrochelys Gray 1856 [alligator snapping turtle]
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†Macrochelys auffenbergi Dobie 1968 [Auffenberg's snapping turtle]
†Macrochelys schmidti Zangerl 1945
†Macrochelys stricta Matthew 1924
Macrochelys suwanniensis Thomas et al. 2014 [Suwannee alligator snapping turtle]
Macrochelys temminckii Troost 1835 [Alligator snapping turtle]
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Invalid names: Gypochelys lacertina Agassiz 1857 [synonym], Macrochelys apalachicolae Thomas et al. 2014 [synonym]
Invalid names: Gypochelys Agassiz 1857 [synonym]
G. †Planiplastron Ckhikvadze 1971
Invalid names: Broilia Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965 [nomen dubium], Broilia robusta Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965 [nomen dubium], Chelydra argillarum Laube 1900 [nomen dubium], Chelydra strausi Schmidt 1966 [nomen dubium], Chelydrinae Lydekker 1889 [empty], Chelydropsis minax Ckhikvadze 1971 [nomen dubium], Emys sansaniensis Lartet 1851 [nomen dubium], Emysaurus meilheuratiae Pomel 1846 [nomen dubium], Hydraspis oeningensis Fitzinger 1835 [nomen nudum], Leptochelys Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965 [nomen dubium], Leptochelys braneti Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965 [nomen dubium], Protochelydrinae Gaffney 1975 [empty], Testudo grandis Macarovici and Vancea 1959 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| O. P. Hay 1908 | Plastron loosely joined to the carapace; consisting of nine elements and considerably reduced. The entoplastron T-shaped; the bridge narrow. Nuchal bone with long costiform processes. A full series of neurals. Skull with temporal region incompletely rooft over; the postfrontal bones large. Quadrate notcht for passage of the stapedial rod. Crushing-surfaces without ridges and processes. Caudal vertebrae mostly opisthoccelous. | |
| E. Perrier 1928 | Queue plus longue que la moitié de la carapace, pourvue d'une crête dorsale; tête large, incomplètement rétractile dans la carapace; menton présentant de petits appendices cutanés. Carapace longtemps incomplète, des fontanelles persistant jusqu'à un âge avancé entre les plaques costales et les marginales; une ou deux plaques pygales antérieures; sur la carapace, des plaques cornées régulières typiques; plastron petit et cruciforme (en forme de cerf-volant), articulé par gomphose avec la carapace; plaques pectorales séparées des marginales par des inframarginales;
doigts distincts et palmés; 4 ou 5 ongles; bassin indépendant de la carapace; symphyses pubienne et ischiatique largement séparées. |