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Taxonomy
Bison was named by Hamilton-Smith (1827). It is extant.
It was synonymized subjectively with Bos by Hassanin (2015).
It was assigned to Ruminantia by Leidy (1860); to Bovidae by Hamilton-Smith (1827), Leidy (1873), Lydekker (1878), Schultz and Howard (1935), Wilson (1967), Carroll (1988); to Bovina by Hassanin and Douzery (1999); to Bovinae by Hay (1902), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008); and to Bovini by Grubb (2001), Calamari (2021).
It was synonymized subjectively with Bos by Hassanin (2015).
It was assigned to Ruminantia by Leidy (1860); to Bovidae by Hamilton-Smith (1827), Leidy (1873), Lydekker (1878), Schultz and Howard (1935), Wilson (1967), Carroll (1988); to Bovina by Hassanin and Douzery (1999); to Bovinae by Hay (1902), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008); and to Bovini by Grubb (2001), Calamari (2021).
Species
B. alaskensis (syn. B. chaneyi, B. aguascalentensis), B. antiquus (syn. B. taylori, B. figginsi, B. kansensis, B. californicus, Bos scaphoceras, B. oliverhayi, B. texanus, B. pacificus, B. occidentalis), B. bonasus (syn. B. europaeus), B. francisi, B. latifrons (syn. B. alleni, B. angularis, B. rotundus, Sus americanus, B. ferox, Bos crampianus, B. regius, Bos arizonica), B. palaeosinensis, B. priscus (syn. B. crassicornis, B. geisti, B. willistoni, B. praeoccidentalis), B. sivalensis, B. sylvestris
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1827 | Bison Hamilton-Smith |
| 1846 | Harlanus Owen |
| 1860 | Bison Leidy p. 109 |
| 1873 | Bison Leidy p. 318 |
| 1878 | Bison Lydekker |
| 1902 | Bison Hay p. 688 |
| 1930 | Simobison Hay and Cook |
| 1933 | Stelabison Figgins |
| 1935 | Bison Schultz and Howard p. 292 |
| 1967 | Bison Wilson p. 219 |
| 1980 | Bison Kurten and Anderson p. 335 |
| 1988 | Bison Carroll |
| 1999 | Bison Hassanin and Douzery p. 899 |
| 2001 | Bison Grubb p. 375 |
| 2008 | Bison Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 980 figs. Fig. 5 |
| 2021 | Bison Calamari |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Bison Hamilton-Smith 1827 [bison]
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†Bison alaskensis Rhoads 1897
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Invalid names: Bison aguascalentensis Mooser and Dalquest 1975 [synonym], Bison chaneyi Cook 1928 [synonym]
†Bison antiquus Leidy 1852
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Invalid names: Bison californicus Rhoads 1897 [synonym], Bison figginsi Hay and Cook 1928 [synonym], Bison kansensis McClung 1905 [synonym], Bison occidentalis Lucas 1898 [synonym], Bison oliverhayi Figgins 1933 [synonym], Bison pacificus Hay 1927 [synonym], Bison taylori Hay and Cook 1928 [synonym], Bison texanus Hay and Cook 1928 [synonym], Bos scaphoceras [synonym]
†Bison francisi Frick 1937
†Bison latifrons Harlan 1825
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Invalid names: Bison alleni Marsh 1877 [synonym], Bison angularis Figgins 1933 [synonym], Bison ferox Marsh 1877 [synonym], Bison regius Hay 1913 [synonym], Bison rotundus Figgins 1933 [synonym], Bos arizonica Blake 1898 [synonym], Bos crampianus Cope 1894 [synonym], Sus americanus Harlan [synonym]
†Bison palaeosinensis Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
†Bison priscus Bojanus 1827
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Invalid names: Bison crassicornis Richardson 1854 [synonym], Bison geisti Skinner and Kaisen 1947 [synonym], Bison praeoccidentalis Skinner and Kaisen 1947 [synonym], Bison willistoni Martin 1924 [synonym]
†Bison sivalensis Falconer 1847
†Bison sylvestris Hay 1915
Invalid names: Harlanus Owen 1846 [synonym], Simobison Hay and Cook 1930 [synonym], Stelabison Figgins 1933 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available