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Reduncini

Mammalia - Bovidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1907Reduncini Knottnerus-Meyer
1999Reduncini Hassanin and Douzery p. 893
2001Reduncinae Grubb p. 379
2003Reduncini Hassanin and Douzery p. 223
2008Reduncinae Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 979 figs. Fig. 5
2010Reduncini Gentry p. 773
2015Reduncini Vrba et al. p. 3
2021Reduncini Calamari

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
—Pecora()
superfamilyBovoidea
familyBovidae
subfamilyAntilopinaeGray 1821
tribeRedunciniKnottnerus-Meyer 1907
tribeRedunciniKnottnerus-Meyer 1907

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Tr. Reduncini Knottnerus-Meyer 1907
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G. Kobus Smith 1840
+
†Kobus barbarus Geraads and Amani 1998
†Kobus basilcookei Vrba 2006
Kobus defassa Rüppell 1835 [Defassa waterbuck]
†Kobus ellipsiprymnus Ogilby 1833 [waterbuck]
Kobus kob Erxleben 1777 [kob]
†Kobus korotorensis Geraads 2001
†Kobus laticornis Harris 2003
†Kobus leche Gray 1850
Kobus megaceros Fitzinger 1855
†Kobus oricornus Gentry 1985
†Kobus presigmoidalis Harris 2003
†Kobus sigmoidalis Arambourg 1941
†Kobus subdolus Gentry 1980
†Kobus tchadensis Gerrads 2001
Kobus vardoni Livingstone 1857
G. †Menelikia Arambourg 1941
+
†Menelikia leakeyi Harris 1991
†Menelikia lyrocera Arambourg 1941
G. Pelea Gray 1851
+
†Pelea capreolus Forster 1790 [grey rhebok]
G. Redunca Smith 1827 [reedbuck]
+
†Redunca ancystrocera Arambourg 1947
†Redunca arundinum Boddaert 1785 [southern reedbuck]
†Redunca darti Wells and Cooke 1956
†Redunca eulmensis Arambourg 1979
Redunca fulvorufula Afzelius 1815 [mountain reedbuck]
†Redunca khroumirensis Arambourg 1979
Redunca redunca Hamilton Smith 1827 [bohor reedbuck]
G. †Sivacobus Pilgrim 1939
+
†Sivacobus palaeindicus Lydekker 1885
†Sivacobus sankaliai Vrba et al. 2015
Invalid names: Gangicobus Pilgrim 1939 [synonym], Hydaspicobus Pilgrim 1939 [synonym], Indoredunca Pilgrim 1939 [synonym], Sivadenota Pligrim 1939 [synonym], Vishnucobus Pilgrim 1939 [synonym]
G. †Thaleroceros Reck 1935
+
G. †Zephyreduncinus Vrba and Haile-Selassie 2006
+
†Zephyreduncinus oundagaisus Verba and Haile- Selassie 2006
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: grazerf
Diet 2: browserf
Reproduction: viviparousf
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-09-22 12:01:17
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1999, Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Serravallian to the top of the Holocene or 13.82000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 11.63 Ma

Collections (387 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene - Pliocene23.04 - 2.58South Africa Redunca sp. (22220)
Miocene - Pliocene23.04 - 2.58Uganda Kobus sp. (22385 22399)
Miocene - Pleistocene23.04 - 0.0117South Africa Redunca ancystrocera (22230)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.63Kenya Reduncini indet. (22292)
Tortonian - Messinian11.63 - 5.333Kenya Reduncini indet., Kobus presigmoidalis, Menelikia leakeyi (22241)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene11.63 - 3.6Chad Kobus sp. (24181)
Tortonian - Zanclean11.63 - 3.6Kenya Kobus elliptica, Kobus sp., Redunca sp., Redunca ancystrocera (22236)
Tortonian - Zanclean11.63 - 3.6Ethiopia Kobus sp., Reduncini indet., Kobus subdolus (22139) Kobus subdolus (22158)
Turolian8.725 - 5.09Iran Redunca eremopolitana (13476)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Chad Kobus sp. (59839)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Kenya Kobus sp. (22307) Reduncini indet. (22274 22275 22316)
Messinian - Zanclean7.246 - 3.6Kenya Reduncini indet., Kobus presigmoidalis, Kobus laticornis, Menelikia leakeyi (22242)
Messinian - Piacenzian7.246 - 2.58Kenya Reduncini indet., Kobus presigmoidalis (22237)
Messinian - Piacenzian7.246 - 2.58South Africa (Cape) Kobus sp., Reduncini indet. (59167)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Tanzania Kobus subdolus (22043 22044)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Tunisia (Bizerte ) Redunca khroumirensis (211247)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6South Africa Kobus sp., Kobus subdolus (22221) Kobus subdolus (22222 22227) Redunca sp. (100313)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Kenya Kobus sp., Reduncini indet. (22234)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Ethiopia Kobus sp. (22174) Reduncini indet. (21737)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Kenya (Turkana District) Reduncini indet. (21336)