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Taxonomy
Trachycardium (Dallocardia) was named by Stewart (1930). It is extant. Its type is Cardium quadragenarium.
It was Cardium (Dallocardia) by Hertlein and Grant (1972); it was reranked as Dallocardia by Sepkoski (2002), Coan and Valentich-Scott (2012).
It was assigned to Cardium by Hertlein and Grant (1972); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); to Trachycardium by Stewart (1930), Woodring (1938), da Silva Forti (1969), Woodring (1982), Coan et al. (2000), Moore (2003); and to Trachycardiinae by Coan and Valentich-Scott (2012).
It was Cardium (Dallocardia) by Hertlein and Grant (1972); it was reranked as Dallocardia by Sepkoski (2002), Coan and Valentich-Scott (2012).
It was assigned to Cardium by Hertlein and Grant (1972); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); to Trachycardium by Stewart (1930), Woodring (1938), da Silva Forti (1969), Woodring (1982), Coan et al. (2000), Moore (2003); and to Trachycardiinae by Coan and Valentich-Scott (2012).
Subtaxa
D. quadragenarium, D. senticosum, D. vaquerosense, D. woodringi, Trachycardium (Dallocardia) baiterum, Trachycardium (Dallocardia) bowdenense, Trachycardium (Dallocardia) dominicense (syn. Cardium (Trachycardium) gatunense), Trachycardium (Dallocardia) muricatum, Trachycardium (Dallocardia) phlyctaena, Trachycardium (Dallocardia) puebloense, Trachycardium (Dallocardia) sagaseri, Trachycardium (Dallocardia) tintinnabularum
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1930 | Trachycardium (Dallocardia) Stewart pp. 264 - 265 |
| 1938 | Trachycardium (Dallocardia) Woodring p. 53 |
| 1969 | Trachycardium (Dallocardia) da Silva Forti p. 81 |
| 1972 | Cardium (Dallocardia) Hertlein and Grant pp. 253 |
| 1982 | Trachycardium (Dallocardia) Woodring p. 637 |
| 2000 | Trachycardium (Dallocardia) Coan et al. p. 361 |
| 2002 | Dallocardia Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Trachycardium (Dallocardia) Moore |
| 2012 | Dallocardia Coan and Valentich-Scott p. 413 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Dallocardia Stewart 1930
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Dallocardia quadragenarium Conrad 1837 [spiny cockle]
Dallocardia senticosum Sowerby 1833
†Dallocardia vaquerosense Arnold 1908
†Dallocardia woodringi Loel and Corey 1932
†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) baiterum Woodring 1982
†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) bowdenense Dall 1900
†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) dominicense Gabb 1873
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†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) dominicense hadratatum Woodring 1982
Invalid names: Cardium (Trachycardium) gatunense Toula 1901 [synonym]
Trachycardium (Dallocardia) muricatum Linnaeus 1758
†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) phlyctaena Dall 1900
†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) puebloense Anderson 1929
†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) sagaseri Adegoke 1969
†Trachycardium (Dallocardia) tintinnabularum Maury 1917
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, c = class | |||||
| References: Todd 2001, Aberhan et al. 2004, Sanchez Roig 1926 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Eocene to the top of the Holocene or 37.71000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma
Collections (329 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Eocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | Cardium quadragenarium (43760) | |
| Rupelian | USA (Florida) | Cardium phlyctaena (60656) | |
| Chattian | USA (California) | Cardium vaqueroense (11601) Cardium vaqueroensis (57789) Cardium vaquerosensis (52417) | |
| Chattian | Panama | Trachycardium dominicense (42558) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | USA (California) | Cardium vaquerosensis (122273) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Panama | Trachycardium dominicense (42556) Trachycardium phlyctaena (92982) | |
| Chattian - Aquitanian | USA (Florida) | Cardium phlyctaena (60985 61051 61100 61101 61105) | |
| Chattian - Aquitanian | USA (California) | Trachycardium vaquerosense (37516 37517) | |
| Aquitanian | Panama | Trachycardium dominicense (42602 42603 42625 42627 42629 42631 42632) Trachycardium dominicense, Trachycardium phlyctaena (42626 42628 42630 93039) Trachycardium phlyctaena (42607 42609 49492) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | USA (California) | Cardium vaquerosensis (71222 71223 71226 71228 71229 71231 91374 203554 238137 238140 238142 238144 238171 238174 238176 238178 238179 238190 238209 238213 238234 238243 238253 238259 238260 238261 238262) Cardium woodringi (71215 238163 238217) Cardium woodringi, Cardium vaquerosensis (71217 71224 237917 238191 238214 238215) Trachycardium vaquerosensis (196138) | |
| Miocene | Dominican Republic | Trachycardium tintinnabularum (74913) | |
| Miocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (194805 195120 195300) | |
| Burdigalian | Colombia (La Guajira) | D. sanctidavidis (136882 156327 156334 156356 156720 156727 156748 156751 156753 156754 156792 156793 156795 156796 156797 156832 160770 160776 160799) | |
| Burdigalian | Venezuela (Falcon) | Trachycardium bowdenense (60144) | |
| Burdigalian | Panama | Trachycardium phlyctaena (42611 42618 49493) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Colombia | Cardium puebloense (97678) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Colombia (La Guajira) | D. sanctidavidis (157931) | |
| Langhian | Colombia (La Guajira) | D. sanctidavidis (136878 136880 136884 136885 136907 136909 156520 156522 156524 156546 157858 157859 158029 158040 160965 160966 160967 160970 161048 161061 161062) D. sanctidavidsi (161627 161628 161997 162000) | |
| Langhian | Dominican Republic | Trachycardium dominicense, Trachycardium tintinnabularum (74958 74959) Trachycardium tintinnabularum (131500) | |
| Middle Miocene | Panama | Trachycardium baiterum (52173) Trachycardium dominicense (93047) Trachycardium phlyctaena (42599) | |
| Middle Miocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium vaquerosense (44936) | |
| Tortonian | Panama | Cardium dominicense (134661) Trachycardium baiterum (52174 82124 93145 93146 93150 93159 93160 93162 93163 93166 93171) Trachycardium dominicense (82116 93051 93053 93054 93167) Trachycardium dominicense, Trachycardium baiterum (93164) Trachycardium sp. (136016 136118 145520 145522 145523 145524) | |
| Tortonian | Venezuela | Trachycardium dominicense (130981) | |
| Tortonian | Dominican Republic | Cardium tintinnabularum (58817) Trachycardium tintinnabularum (74934 99854) | |
| Tortonian | Panama (Colon) | D. dominicense (142930) Trachycardium sp. (61334 79995 145530) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Ecuador | Trachycardium dominicense (96441) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Colombia | Trachycardium bowdenense (131220) Trachycardium puebloense (96501) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Ecuador (Esmeraldas) | Trachycardium dominicense (60640) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Trinidad and Tobago | Trachycardium sanctidavidis (60399 60402 60408 60631) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Dominican Republic | Cardium tintinnabularum (58867) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (238419) | |
| Messinian | Dominican Republic | Trachycardium bowdenense (131496) Trachycardium tintinnabularum (75042 84983 89540 94006 131386 131387 131392 131394 131495 131497) | |
| Messinian | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (194801 194895 195029 195031) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Dominican Republic | Trachycardium tintinnabularum (89561) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Trinidad and Tobago | Trachycardium sanctidavidis (60409 60412 60414 60415 60416 60417 60644 61297) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Colombia | Cardium puebloense (88298 97690) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Costa Rica | Cardium dominicense (134655) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | USA (California) | Cardium quadragenarium (208580) Trachycardium quadragenarium (97230 97233 97235 97242 97401 97402 97403 120822) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Venezuela (Sucre) | Trachycardium muricatum (41541 41543 41544 41552) | |
| Pliocene | USA (California) | Cardium quadrigenarium (194664 204364) | |
| Zanclean - Gelasian | USA (California) | D. quadragenarium (214263 214266) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Trachycardium muricatum (41749) | |
| Blancan | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (19677 19678) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Jamaica | Cardium bowdenensis (58522) Trachycardium bowdenense (69090) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Venezuela | Trachycardium muricatum (131210 131218 131237 131363) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (California) | Laevicardium quadragenarium (200398 200403) Trachycardium quadragenarium (238421 238434 238436 238459 238460 238580 238605 238606 238607 238609 238612 238615 238616 238618 238619 239463 239465 239467 239469 239470 239574 239575 239578 239579 239580) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Colombia | Cardium sp. (97677) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Colombia (La Guajira) | D. muricata (136994 156719) | |
| Piacenzian | USA (California) | Cardium quadragenarium (122752) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (237590) | |
| Gelasian | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (189765 189766 189768) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (38042 83787 168757 231899) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Costa Rica | Cardium senticosum (66777) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Cardium muricatum (79331) Trachycardium muricatum (41501) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | Trachycardium muricatum (80035) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Panama | Cardium muricatum (80304) | |
| Pleistocene | Dominican Republic | Cardium muricatum (75425) | |
| Pleistocene | Cuba | Cardium muricatum (66770 66775) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (California) | Cardium quadragenarium (201624) Trachycardium quadragenarium (237610) | |
| Pleistocene | Venezuela | Trachycardium muricata (131268) | |
| Pleistocene | Mexico (Baja California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (96594) | |
| Quaternary | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadragenarium (37938 37948) | |
| Calabrian | Ecuador | Cardium senticosum (97639) | |
| Calabrian | USA (Florida) | Trachycardium muricatum (41705) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (California) | Cardium quadragenarium (138723 222995 222998) Laevicardium quadragenarium (96884 96894) Trachycardium quadragenarium (71053 71054 202636 202639 202647 203095 203108 203113 203114) Trachycardium quadrigenarium (222663 223525) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Trachycardium muricatum (67069) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Trachycardium quadrigenarium (222954) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Uruguay | Trachycardium muricatum (195933) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Trachycardium muricatum (66755 66758 66760) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Mexico | Trachycardium quadragenarium (67641) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Cardium quadragenarium (59063 96589 222674) Cardium quadrigenarium (222660 222661) Laevicardium quadragenarium (96895) Trachycardium quadragenarium (22632 96566 160361 219029 219030 240554 240555 240604 240612 240615 240635 240661) Trachycardium quadrigenarium (223074) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Cardium muricatum (34269) D. muricata (96538) Trachycardium muricatum (69034 69040 70010) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) | Trachycardium muricatum (148417) | |
| Holocene | Venezuela | Trachycardium muricatum (131223) | |
| Holocene | USA (Louisiana) | Trachycardium muricatum (41935 92776) |