PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Balanophyllia caulifera

Anthozoa - Scleractinia - Dendrophylliidae

Taxonomy

Turbinolia caulifera was named by Conrad (1848). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Vicksburg, which is in a Rupelian marine marl in the Byram Marl Formation of Mississippi.

It was recombined as Balanophyllia caulifera by Baron-Szabo (2008).

Synonyms

Balanophyllia santaelenensis was named by Frost and Langenheim (1974).

It was synonymized subjectively with Balanophyllia caulifera by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Eupsammia narindensis was named by Alloiteau (1936).

It was synonymized subjectively with Balanophyllia caulifera by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Palaeopsammia mitsinjoensis was named by Alloiteau (1958). Its type locality is Mitsinjo, which is in a Maastrichtian marine horizon in Madagascar.

It was synonymized subjectively with Balanophyllia caulifera by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Balanophyllia schlosseri was named by Traub (1938). Its type locality is Mt. Haunsberg, which is in a Paleocene coastal sandstone/marl in the Oiching Formation of Austria.

It was synonymized subjectively with Balanophyllia caulifera by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Eupsammia collignoni was named by Alloiteau (1951).

It was synonymized subjectively with Balanophyllia caulifera by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Eupsammia pozaryskii was named by Rozkowska (1955). Its type locality is Boryszew, which is in a Danian marine sandstone in Poland.

It was synonymized subjectively with Balanophyllia caulifera by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Balanophyllia ladakhensis was named by Pal et al. (1984).

It was synonymized subjectively with Balanophyllia caulifera by Baron-Szabo (2008).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1848	Turbinolia caulifera Conrad p. 296
1936	Eupsammia narindensis Alloiteau
1938	Balanophyllia schlosseri Traub
1951	Eupsammia collignoni Alloiteau
1955	Eupsammia pozaryskii Rozkowska
1958	Palaeopsammia mitsinjoensis Alloiteau
1974	Balanophyllia santaelenensis Frost and Langenheim, Jr.
1984	Balanophyllia ladakhensis Pal et al.
2008	Balanophyllia caulifera Baron-Szabo

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
phylum	Cnidaria	Hatschek 1888
class	Anthozoa	Ehrenberg 1834
—	Hexacorallia	()
order	Scleractinia	Bourne 1900

Rank	Name	Author
suborder	Dendrophylliina	Vaughan and Wells 1943
family	Dendrophylliidae	Gray 1847
genus	Balanophyllia	Wood 1844
species	caulifera	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Balanophyllia caulifera Conrad 1848

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Invalid names: Balanophyllia ladakhensis Pal et al. 1984 [synonym], Balanophyllia santaelenensis Frost and Langenheim, Jr. 1974 [synonym], Balanophyllia schlosseri Traub 1938 [synonym], Eupsammia collignoni Alloiteau 1951 [synonym], Eupsammia narindensis Alloiteau 1936 [synonym], Eupsammia pozaryskii Rozkowska 1955 [synonym], Palaeopsammia mitsinjoensis Alloiteau 1958 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragoniteg

Grouping:

colonialo

Clonal:

yeso

Environment:

marineo

Locomotion:

stationaryo

Attached:

yeso

Life habit:

intermediate-level epifaunalo

Diet:

suspension feederg

Vision:

blindc

Reproduction:

alternatingo

Asexual:

yeso

Dispersal:

watero

Dispersal 2:

planktonico

Created:

2004-02-29 09:09:26

Modified:

2004-02-29 11:09:26

Source: g = genus, o = order, c = class

Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Campanian to the top of the Late/Upper Oligocene or 83.60000 to 23.04000 Ma

Collections (12 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	Oman	Eupsammia narindensis (67455)
Campanian - Maastrichtian	83.6 - 66.0	India (Jammu and Kashmir)	Balanophyllia ladakhensis, Balanophyllia varians (87602)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Madagascar (Mahajanga)	Eupsammia narindensis (86517) Eupsammia narindensis, Eupsammia collignoni (86511) Palaeopsammia mitsinjoensis (86512)
Danian	66.0 - 61.66	Ukraine (Krym)	Balanophyllia schlosseri (77071)
Danian	66.0 - 61.66	Poland	Eupsammia pozaryskii (87245)
Paleocene	66.0 - 56.0	Austria (Salzburg)	Balanophyllia schlosseri (84335)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	Mexico (Chiapas)	Balanophyllia santaelenensis (85736)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	USA (Mississippi)	Turbinolia caulifera (84137)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	France	Balanophyllia caulifera (163836)
Late/Upper Oligocene	27.3 - 23.04	USA (Louisiana)	Balanophyllia caulifera (44521)