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Glyptoactis
Taxonomy
Venericardia (Glyptoactis) was named by Stewart (1930). Its type is Venericardia hadra.
It was reranked as Glyptoactis by Squires (1984), Squires (1987), Squires (1988), Beu et al. (1990), Ward (1992), Moore (1992), Squires and Demetrion (1992) and Sepkoski (2002).
It was assigned to Venericardia by Gardner and Bowles (1939), Vokes (1939), Clark and Durham (1946), Verástegui (1953) and Woodring (1982); to Carditesinae by Squires (1984), Squires (1987) and Moore (1992); to Venericardiinae by Beu et al. (1990) and Ward (1992); to Carditidae by Squires (1988) and Squires and Demetrion (1992); and to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002).
It was reranked as Glyptoactis by Squires (1984), Squires (1987), Squires (1988), Beu et al. (1990), Ward (1992), Moore (1992), Squires and Demetrion (1992) and Sepkoski (2002).
It was assigned to Venericardia by Gardner and Bowles (1939), Vokes (1939), Clark and Durham (1946), Verástegui (1953) and Woodring (1982); to Carditesinae by Squires (1984), Squires (1987) and Moore (1992); to Venericardiinae by Beu et al. (1990) and Ward (1992); to Carditidae by Squires (1988) and Squires and Demetrion (1992); and to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002).
Subtaxa
G. (Claibornicardia), G. (Fasciculicardia), G. (Glyptoactis), G. alticostata, G. paraguanensis, Venericardia (Glyptoactis) aversa, Venericardia (Glyptoactis) carmenensis, Venericardia (Glyptoactis) charanalensis, Venericardia (Glyptoactis) hadra, Venericardia (Glyptoactis) metaicha, Venericardia (Glyptoactis) mutabilis, Venericardia (Glyptoactis) serricosta, Venericardia (Glyptoactis) stenygra
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1930 | Venericardia (Glyptoactis) Stewart pp. 151 - 152 |
| 1939 | Venericardia (Glyptoactis) Gardner and Bowles p. 195 |
| 1939 | Venericardia (Glyptoactis) Vokes p. 65 |
| 1946 | Venericardia (Glyptoactis) Clark and Durham p. 57 |
| 1953 | Venericardia (Glyptoactis) Verástegui p. 434 |
| 1982 | Venericardia (Glyptoactis) Woodring p. 628 |
| 1984 | Glyptoactis Squires p. 45 |
| 1987 | Glyptoactis Squires p. 63 |
| 1988 | Glyptoactis Squires p. 19 |
| 1990 | Glyptoactis Beu et al. p. 397 |
| 1992 | Glyptoactis Moore p. 26 |
| 1992 | Glyptoactis Squires and Demetrion p. 40 |
| 1992 | Glyptoactis Ward p. 82 |
| 2002 | Glyptoactis Sepkoski |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Glyptoactis Stewart 1930
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Subg. †Glyptoactis (Claibornicardia) Stenzel and Krause 1957
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†Claibornicardia carinata Sowerby 1819
†Claibornicardia pharaonum Oppenheim 1903
†Glyptoactis (Claibornicardia) domenginica Vokes 1939
†Glyptoactis (Claibornicardia) keenae Verástegui 1953
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Invalid names: Venericardia (Pacificor) argentea Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
†Glyptoactis (Claibornicardia) marksi Verástegui 1953
†Glyptoactis (Claibornicardia) sandiegoensis Hanna 1927
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Invalid names: Venericardia (Glyptoactis) mcmastersi Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
†Venericardia (Claibornicardia) alticostata Conrad 1833
†Venericardia (Claibornicardia) nasuta Dall 1903
†Venericardia (Claibornicardia) trapaquara Harris 1895
Subg. †Glyptoactis (Fasciculicardia) Maxwell 1969
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†Fasciculicardia allophyla Maxwell 1992
†Glyptoactis (Fasciculicardia) acanthodes Suter 1917
†Glyptoactis (Fasciculicardia) bartrumi Fleming 1950
†Glyptoactis (Fasciculicardia) benhami Thompson 1908
†Glyptoactis (Fasciculicardia) latissima Tate 1886
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Invalid names: Cardium arcaeformis Chapman and Crespin 1934 [synonym]
†Glyptoactis (Fasciculicardia) nuntia Marwick 1928
†Glyptoactis (Fasciculicardia) subintermedia Suter 1917
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Invalid names: Cardita (Glans) kaiparaensis Marshall 1918 [synonym]
Subg. †Glyptoactis (Glyptoactis) Stewart 1930
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†Glyptoactis (Glyptoactis) dominica Weisbord 1929
†Glyptoactis (Glyptoactis) himerta Dall 1903
†Glyptoactis (Glyptoactis) wendellwoodringi Weisbord 1964
†Glyptoactis alticostata Conrad 1833
†Glyptoactis paraguanensis Hodson 1931
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) aversa Pilsbry and Johnson 1917
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) carmenensis Clark and Durham 1946
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) charanalensis Olsson 1931
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) charanalensis hondoensis Clark and Durham 1946
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) hadra Dall 1903
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) metaicha Woodring 1982
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) mutabilis d'Archaic and Haime 1954
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) serricosta Heilprin 1887
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) stenygra Woodring 1982
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
| part | N | mean | minimum | maximum | median | s.d. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| height | 6 | 35.3 | 27.9 | 43.3 | 35.0 | 5.50 |
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| Source: g = genus, superf = superfamily | |||||
| References: Sanchez Roig 1926, Todd 2001 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Lacian to the top of the Late/Upper Pliocene or 221.50000 to 2.58800 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 215.56 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 215.56 Ma
Collections (337 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lacian | USA (Nevada) | Cardium arcaeformis (33202) | |
| Danian | Libya | G. ameliae, G. beaumonti (77235) | |
| Danian | USA (Texas) | Claibornicardia sp. (205466) G. crenaea (92224 92245 99008 99012 99014 99015 99055) G. eoa (91778 98701) | |
| Danian - Selandian | USA (Texas) | G. alticostata (108736) | |
| Danian - Selandian | USA (Alabama) | Venericardia alticostata (86398) | |
| Danian - Thanetian | Russian Federation | G. keenae (49981) | |
| Paleocene | Germany | G. chavani (3114 3116) | |
| Paleocene | Pakistan | G. sp. (45622) | |
| Selandian | USA (Alabama) | Claibornicardia sp. (205472) Venericardia alticostata (205499) | |
| Thanetian | USA (California) | Venericardia argentea, Venericardia keenae (189952) Venericardia keenae (90072 90073) | |
| Thanetian | USA (Alabama) | Claibornicardia sp. (90439) | |
| Thanetian | Trinidad and Tobago | Venericardia alticostata (80170) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | USA (South Carolina) | Venericardia alticostata (92467) | |
| Ypresian | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | G. domenginica (5496) | |
| Ypresian | Pakistan | Venericardia mutabilis (145131) | |
| Ypresian | India (Rajasthan) | Venericardia dufrenoyi, Venericardia sindensis, Venericardia viquesneli, Venericardia mutabilis (46999) | |
| Ypresian | Belgium | Venericardia carinata (77608) | |
| Ypresian | USA (Texas) | Claibornicardia coloradonis, Claibornicardia sp. (84325) Claibornicardia linguinodifera, Claibornicardia milamensis (84337) Claibornicardia milamensis (7788 7789 83950) | |
| Ypresian | USA (Alabama) | G. alticostata (92375 97454) | |
| Ypresian | USA (California) | G. domenginica (193545 193548) G. sandiegoensis (178719) G. sp., G. mcmasteri (177611) Venericardia sandiegoensis (167604) | |