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Solena

Bivalvia - Solenida - Solenidae

Taxonomy
Solena was named by Mörch (1853) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-m-u R Sepkoski's reference number: 1112]. It is extant. Its type is Solen obliquus.

It was reranked as Solen (Solena) by Gabb (1864), Woodring (1982), Perrilliat (1992).

It was assigned to Solen by Gabb (1864), Woodring (1982), Perrilliat (1992); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Solenidae by Moore (1976), Vokes (1980), Squires (1984), Squires (1987), Squires and Demetrion (1992), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999), Moore (2003).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1853Solena Mörch p. 7
1864Solen (Solena) Gabb p. 213
1976Solena Moore p. 51
1980Solena Vokes p. 140
1982Solen (Solena) Woodring p. 655
1984Solena Squires p. 50
1987Solena Squires p. 67
1992Solen (Solena) Perrilliat p. 12
1992Solena Squires and Demetrion p. 42
1999Solena Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 34
2002Solena Sepkoski
2003Solena Moore

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
RankNameAuthor
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
—CardioniFerussac 1822
—CardiidiaFerussac 1822
—SolenataDall 1889
orderSolenidaDall 1889
superfamilySolenoidea(Lamarck 1809)
familySolenidaeLamarck 1809
genusSolenaMörch 1853

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Solena Mörch 1853
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Invalid names: Solen ambiguus Lamarck 1818 [synonym]
Subg. †Solena (Eosolen) Stewart 1930
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†Solena (Eosolen) bolivarensis Clark and Durham 1946
†Solena (Eosolen) laversinensis Lefévre and Watelet 1877
†Solena (Eosolen) lorenzana Wagner and Schilling 1923
†Solena (Eosolen) novacularis Anderson and Hanna 1925
†Solena (Eosolen) plagiaulax Cossmann 1886
Subg. †Solena (Plectosolen) Conrad 1866
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Invalid names: Solen curtus Conrad 1848 [replaced]
Subg. †Solena (Solena) Moore 2003
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†Solena dixoni Sowerby 1844
†Solena elytron Philippi 1887
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: facultatively mobileg
Life habit: infaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: IS, MA, UN, SU according to Todd (2001).g
Created: 2009-09-09 14:22:46
Modified: 2009-09-09 16:22:46
Source: g = genus, c = class
References: Sanchez Roig 1926, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Danian to the top of the Gelasian or 66.00000 to 1.80000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.66 Ma

Collections (301 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Danian66.0 - 61.66USA (California) Solen stantoni (193035)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0Russian Federation S. eugenensis (50177)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0USA (California) Solen parallelus (190773) Solen stantoni (190770 190774 190786 190791 190796)
Selandian61.66 - 59.24USA (California) Solen stantoni (218671 239682)
Selandian - Ypresian61.66 - 48.07USA (California) Solen stantoni (239602)
Late/Upper Paleocene59.24 - 56.0China (Xinjiang) Solen taklamaganensis (77841)
Thanetian59.24 - 56.0USA (California) Solen parallelus (193038) Solen stantoni (204137 239715) S. stantoni (52612 52613 52616 52617 52618 214289 214291)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (Oregon) S. coosensis (200800) S. novacularis (52271)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Mexico (Baja California) S. novacularis (5506)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (California) Solen parallelus (52428 122337 122339 122656) Solen parallelus, Solen stantoni (52426 52429) S. novacularis (178750) S. stantoni (52614 52619 52620 52621)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (Texas) Eosolen shirleyi (7788 84337)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07United Kingdom (England) S. laversinensis (3266 3267)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (Alabama) Eosolen lisbonensis (80792)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.03USA (California) S. navacularis (8014) S. novacularis (205252)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.03USA (Alabama) Eosolen lisbonensis (81189 81191 83801 83802 83804 89849 92783)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.03USA (Oregon) S. coosensis (200902)
Early/Lower Eocene - Middle Eocene56.0 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) S. plagiaulax (3257 3258)
Early/Lower Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene56.0 - 33.9Argentina (Santa Cruz) S. hunickeni (52750 52764)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (Oregon) S. coosensis (200899)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (Washington) Solen parallelus (241822 241824 241852)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Russian Federation S. stantoni (50078)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (California) Solen parallelus (190801 207112 207113 207127)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03USA (Oregon) S. coosensis (200870 200874 200879 200893 200895 200897 200912)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03USA (Alabama) Eosolen lisbonensis (81209 81212 81241 81253)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03USA (South Carolina) Eosolen sp. (52344) S. sp. (5342)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03Belgium Solen laversinensis, Solen sp. (77611)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03USA (California) Solen novacula (200720) Solen parallelus (200734) S. coosensis (202094) S. navacularis (8012 8013 8015 200839 201257) S. novacularis (16712 200757 201702 207186) S. sp. (214593)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03USA (Texas) Eosolen shirleyi (205533)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03United Kingdom (England) Eosolen plagiaulax (8047) Eosolen sp. (42107) S. plagiaulax, S. dixoni (8124 8125)
Lutetian - Bartonian48.07 - 37.71Russian Federation S. eugenensis (50051)
Lutetian - Bartonian48.07 - 37.71USA (Washington) Solen parallelus (43342) S. sp. (43347)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71USA (Alaska) S. sp. (44069)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71Japan S. sp. (71014)
Middle Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene48.07 - 33.9USA (California) Solen novacula (239769)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71France Solen gracilis, S. plagiaulax (78567) S. gracilis (177068)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71USA (Oregon) Solen parallelus (200859 200860 201047) S. columbiana (200920)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) Solen obliquus (40523)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71USA (Mississippi) Eosolen lisbonensis (2446) Eosolen sp. (205508) Solen abruptus (92175 99674)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71USA (North Carolina) S. sp. (5366)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71Japan S. nagaoi (81227 81235)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71USA (South Carolina) S. sp. (5344 5345 5353 5354)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71Japan (Nagasaki) S. hataii (103019)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71USA (Washington) Solen parallelus (238096) S. columbina, S. clarki (52207)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71France (Oise) Solen gracilis, Solen proximus (3494)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9Colombia (Bolivar) S. bolivarensis (3315)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9USA (California) Solen curtus (71161 71163 71166 71167 71168 71169 71170 71173 71182) Solen lorenzana (71179)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9USA (Washington) Solen parallelus (140006 235456 239317 241816)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9Japan S. nagaoi (81232) S. sp. (70920)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9USA (Oregon) Solen eugenensis (37989 38941) S. eugenensis (38940 38946 38985 38987 38988 38991 38992 38993 38994 38995 38998 38999 39000 39002 39003 39004 39022 39023 39025 39030 39031 39032 39033 39034 39035 39036 39037)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Italy S. plagiaulax (78565)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9USA (Washington) Solen parallelus (202067)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 27.3USA (California) Solen curtus (71188 71190 71192 71196)
Rupelian33.9 - 27.3USA (Oregon) S. eugenensis (37697 37701 37816 37817 37818 37823)
Early/Lower Oligocene - Late/Upper Oligocene33.9 - 23.04USA (Alaska) S. sp. (44112)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.04USA (Alaska) S. sp. (44084 44101)
Chattian27.3 - 23.04USA (Oregon) S. eugenensis (37680 37682 37684 37687 37688 37689 37691 37692 37694)
Chattian27.3 - 23.04USA (Washington) Solen conradi (37577 37580 37585)
Chattian27.3 - 23.04USA (California) Solen gravidus, Solen curtus (180446)
Late/Upper Oligocene27.3 - 23.04USA (California) Solen gravidus (72406 72407 72408) Solen gravidus, Solen curtus (122273)
Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene27.3 - 15.98Argentina (Santa Cruz) Solen crucis (48068)
Aquitanian23.04 - 20.45USA (Washington) Solen conradi (37560)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98India (Meghalaya) S. sp. (46493)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Chile S. sp. (78425 78428)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Argentina Solen crucis (71428 71429 71430 71540)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98USA (California) Solen gravidus (71223 203554 237917 238137 238144 238179 238187 238189 238190 238191 238253 238260)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98USA (Washington) Solen conradi (37574)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98India S. sp. 1, S. sp. 2 (78641)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Brazil (Para) Solen obliquus (60979) S. obliquus (65162)
Miocene23.04 - 5.333USA (California) Solen perrini (195039 195079 195300)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98USA (Oregon) Solen conradi (39805)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98Colombia (La Guajira) S. sp. (156487 156832)
Langhian15.98 - 13.82Colombia (La Guajira) S. sp. (157846)
Langhian15.98 - 13.82USA (Oregon) Solen conradi (39698 39799 201690)
Langhian - Serravallian15.98 - 11.63Russian Federation Solen conradi (50038)
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63Mexico (Michoacan) S. sp. (66164 76567)
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63Argentina Solen crucis (71425)
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63USA (California) Solen gravidus (44931 44936) Solen perrini (44984)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Panama S. sp. (136016 145523)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Colombia S. obliquus (131219)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Dominican Republic Solen obliquus (58869)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333USA (California) Solen perrini (194801 194803 194888 194894 195031 195032 195034)
Messinian - Zanclean7.246 - 3.6USA (California) Solen perrini (39351 39353 39355 39389)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Trinidad and Tobago Solen obliquus (60411 60414 60415)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58USA (California) Solen perrini (122281)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Venezuela S. rosewateri (131210 131217)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58USA (California) Solen perrini (238421 238435 238436 238437 238453 238455 238460 238580 238605 238606 238607 238610 238612 239463 239470 239578)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8USA (California) Solen perrini (189561 189760 189761 189762 189765 207643 207647 207650 207651 207657 207658 207665 207666 207667 207675 207676 207677 207699 207713 207762)