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Permosialidae
Taxonomy
Permosialidae was named by Martynov (1928). Its type is Permosialis.
It was assigned to Megaloptera by Martynov (1928), Martynov (1932); to Miomoptera by Storozhenko and Novokshonov (1999), Rasnitsyn and van Dijk (2011); to Hypoperlida by Rasnitsyn and Aristov (2013); and to Neoptera by Prokop et al. (2017), Martins et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Megaloptera by Martynov (1928), Martynov (1932); to Miomoptera by Storozhenko and Novokshonov (1999), Rasnitsyn and van Dijk (2011); to Hypoperlida by Rasnitsyn and Aristov (2013); and to Neoptera by Prokop et al. (2017), Martins et al. (2022).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1928 | Epimastacidae Martynov p. 62 |
| 1928 | Permosialidae Martynov p. 93 |
| 1932 | Permosialidae Martynov p. 74 |
| 1965 | Epimastacidae Kukalová p. 90 |
| 1977 | Permonkidae Rasnitsyn |
| 1992 | Epimastacidae Carpenter p. 115 |
| 1992 | Perloblattidae Storozhenko p. 94 |
| 1992 | Tologopteridae Storozhenko p. 126 |
| 1997 | Perloblattidae Storozhenko p. 9 |
| 1997 | Tologopteridae Storozhenko p. 13 |
| 1998 | Perloblattidae Storozhenko p. 45 |
| 1998 | Tologopteridae Storozhenko p. 45 |
| 1999 | Permosialidae Storozhenko and Novokshonov p. 2 |
| 2011 | Permosialidae Rasnitsyn and van Dijk p. 208 |
| 2013 | Permosialidae Rasnitsyn and Aristov p. 690 |
| 2017 | Permosialidae Prokop et al. p. 5 |
| 2022 | Permosialidae Martins et al. p. 61 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Permosialidae Martynov 1928
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G. †Epimastax Martynov 1928
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†Epimastax celer Kukalová 1965
†Epimastax hesterae Rasnitsyn and van Dijk 2011
†Epimastax mutovinensis Rasnitsyn and Aristov 2013
†Epimastax parvulus Martynov 1928
†Epimastax sojanensis Rasnitsyn 1977
†Epimastax tshepanikha Rasnitsyn and Aristov 2013
Invalid names: Sindomioptera Rasnitsyn 1977 [synonym]
G. †Palaeomantopsis Martynov 1928
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†Palaeomantopsis furcatella Martynov 1928
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Invalid names: Permosialis quadriramosa Martynova 1952 [synonym]
†Palaeomantopsis nana Storozhenko 1992
G. †Permosialis Martynov 1928
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†Permosialis bayda Aristov and Rasnitsyn 2022
†Permosialis belebei Aristov and Rasnitsyn 2022
†Permosialis belmontensis Riek 1968
†Permosialis frivola Storozhenko 1991
†Permosialis lata Martynov 1928
†Permosialis latiformis Martynova 1952
†Permosialis martynovae Aristov and Rasnitsyn 2023
†Permosialis matutina Martynova 1961
†Permosialis mongolica Storozhenko 1992
†Permosialis paucinervis Martynov 1928
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Invalid names: Permosialis bifasciata Martynov 1932 [synonym], Permosialis brevifurcata Martynova 1952 [synonym], Permosialis cauleoides Martynova 1952 [synonym], Permosialis defurcata Martynova 1952 [synonym], Permosialis fasciata Martynova 1952 [synonym], Permosialis immaculata Martynova 1952 [synonym], Permosialis marmorata Martynova 1952 [synonym]
†Permosialis perfecta Martynova 1952
†Permosialis postuma Aristov and Rasnitsyn 2023
†Permosialis punctimaculosa Novokshonov and Rasnitsyn 2001
†Permosialis triassica Novokshonov and Zhuzhgova 2004
†Permosialis ualentovae Novokshonov and Zhuzhgova 2004
†Permosialis udmurtensis Rasnitsyn and Aristov 2013
†Permosialis virgata Aristov and Rasnitsyn 2023
†Permosialis vizzya Aristov and Rasnitsyn 2023
†Permosialis zavialovensis Rasnitsyn and Aristov 2013
Invalid names: Sarbalopterodes Storozhenko 1991 [synonym], Tologoptera Storozhenko 1992 [synonym]
Invalid names: Epimastacidae Martynov 1928 [synonym], Perloblattidae Storozhenko 1992 [synonym], Permonkidae Rasnitsyn 1977 [synonym], Tologopteridae Storozhenko 1992 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| S. Y. Storozhenko 1992 (Perloblattidae) | Forewing membranous, covered with small hairs or bristles; venation distinct. Apex of wing pointed. Sc disappearing in frontal half of wing; costal area narrow and cut by regular branches of Sc. Subcostal area narrow. RS diverging from R in base of wing; R almost straight. Trunk of M merged with R in wing base, and divided into MA and MP considerably proximally of branching of RS. CuA fairly thick and straight; its direction toward CuA!; CuA2 forming S-curve. CuP straight and slightly sclerotized; area between CuA and CuP predominantly containing simple crossveins. Anal area short and wide, with two curved anal veins. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class, p = phylum | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Bush and Bambach 2015 | |||||
Collections (36 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asselian | Czech Republic | Epimastax celer (114186) | |
| Artinskian - Kungurian | Russian Federation (Kemerovo) | Permosialis matutina (124614) Permosialis sibirica (124599) | |
| Kungurian | Russian Federation | Permosialis punctimaculosa (107787) Permosialis vizzya (230144) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation (Kemerovo) | Permosialis asiatica (122569) Permosialis sibirica (122567) Permosialis sibirica, Permosialis asiatica, Permosialis matutina (104704) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation | Epimastax parvulus, Palaeomantopsis furcatella, Permosialis paucinervis, Permosialis lata (116456) Permosialis bayda (228442) Permosialis bifasciata, Permosialis latiformis, Permosialis cauleoides, Permosialis marmorata (96860) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation (Arkangelsk) | Palaeomantopsis furcatella, Permosialis paucinervis, Sindomioptera sojanensis, Permosialis perfecta, Permosialis martynovae (104992) Permosialis bifasciata (116874) Permosialis bifasciata, Permosialis quadriramosa, Permosialis defurcata, Permosialis latiformis, Permosialis perfecta, Permosialis fasciata (104716) Permosialis defurcata, Permosialis immaculata (116934) Permosialis lata, Permosialis brevifurcata, Permosialis latiformis (116933) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation (Kirov) | Permosialis sp., Permosialis ualentovae, Permosialis belebei (105058) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation (Kazan) | Permosialis paucinervis (116803) | |
| Wordian | Russian Federation (Udmurtia) | Permosialis sp. (104750) Permosialis zavialovensis, Permosialis udmurtensis, Epimastax tshepanikha, Onthomastax coprinus (103502) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Mongolia | Tologoptera mongolica, Tologoptera nana, Permosialis postuma, Permosialis virgata (97602) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Russian Federation (Vologda) | Epimastax mutovinensis (104754) | |
| Changhsingian | Russian Federation (Vladimir) | Balymotikha deterior (113351) | |
| Changhsingian | Australia (New South Wales) | Permosialis belmontensis (122433) | |
| Changhsingian | South Africa (Natal) | Permonka bifida (124428) | |
| Changhsingian | Kazakhstan (Zaisan) | Permosialis frivola (105062) Sarbalopterodes frivolus (122972) | |
| Changhsingian | South Africa (Kwazulu-Natal) | Epimastax hesterae (14361) Permonka sp. (14356) | |
| Ladinian | Kyrgyzstan (Osh) | Perloblatta ordinata, Permonka unica, Permosialis triassica (106088) Permonka triassica (110763) Permosialis triassica (105007 106090 163987) | |
| Toarcian | Kyrgyzstan (Batken) | Permonka jurassica (110817) Permonka sagulica (105003) |