PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Plectofrondicularia

Nodosariata - Polymorphinida - Plectofrondiculariidae

Taxonomy

Plectofrondicularia was named by Liebus (1902) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-m R Sepkoski's reference number: 728]. It was considered unknown by Hayward et al. (2012).

It was assigned to Foraminiferida by Sepkoski (2002); to Plectofrondiculariidae by Hayward et al. (2012); and to Plectofrondicularinae by Cushman (1927), Al Menoufy and Shreif (2021).

Species

P. basispinata, P. kerni, P. mexicana, P. minuta, P. miocenica, P. oregonensis, P. packardi, P. parri, P. searsi, P. trinitatensis, P. vaughani, P. virginiana, P. vokesi

Species lacking formal opinion data

P. advena, P. advena, P. californica, P. gracilis, P. jarvisi, P. lirata, P. mansfieldi, P. morreyae, P. packardi, P. packardi, P. packardi, P. peruviana, P. pohana, P. proparri, P. seminuda, P. vaughni, P. whaiangaroica

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1902	Plectofrondicularia Liebus
1927	Plectofrondicularia Cushman p. 62
2002	Plectofrondicularia Sepkoski
2012	Plectofrondicularia Hayward et al. p. 155
2021	Plectofrondicularia Al Menoufy and Shreif p. 13

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Chromista	Cavalier-Smith 1981
subkingdom	Rhizaria	()
phylum	Foraminifera	(Eichwald 1830)
class	Nodosariata

Rank	Name	Author
order	Polymorphinida
suborder	Polymorphinina
family	Plectofrondiculariidae
genus	Plectofrondicularia

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Plectofrondicularia Liebus 1902

show all | hide all

†Plectofrondicularia basispinata Cushman 1935

†Plectofrondicularia kerni Cook 1959

†Plectofrondicularia mexicana Cushman 1926

†Plectofrondicularia minuta Sullivan 1962

†Plectofrondicularia miocenica Cushman 1926

†Plectofrondicularia oregonensis Cushman et al. 1947

†Plectofrondicularia packardi Cushman and Schenck 1928

†Plectofrondicularia parri Finlay 1939

†Plectofrondicularia searsi Cushman et al. 1947

†Plectofrondicularia trinitatensis Cushman and Jarvis 1929

†Plectofrondicularia vaughani Cushman 1927

†Plectofrondicularia virginiana Cushman and Cederstrom 1949

†Plectofrondicularia vokesi Cushman et al. 1947

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
B.W. Hayward et al. 2012	Elongate, lanceolate test, with a rectangular cross-section, and commonly with three (2–5 possible) peripheral keels on each side; chambers chevron shaped, initially biserial, mostly uniserial.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Locomotion:

stationaryo

Life habit:

semi-infaunalo

Diet:

omnivoreo

Created:

2007-11-28 00:47:02

Modified:

2009-05-20 05:31:44

Source: o = order

Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Bartonian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 41.03000 to 0.01170 Ma

Collections (97 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	Egypt	P. mexicana (239107 239109)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	USA (California)	P. kerni, P. trinitatensis, P. vaughani (185234)
Bartonian - Priabonian	41.03 - 33.9	Canada (British Columbia)	P. vaughani (209754)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.71 - 33.9	USA (Washington)	P. sp. (169048) P. sp., P. vaughani (169032)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.71 - 33.9	Ecuador	P. peruviana (42812 42868)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.71 - 33.9	USA (Louisiana/Texas)	P. mexicana (45017)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	USA (Oregon)	P. oregonensis (207871)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	North Atlantic	P. lirata (262498) P. lirata, P. kerni (262499)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.04	USA (California)	P. miocenica (185215) P. miocenica, P. packardi, P. vaughani (185217) P. vaughani (185216 186038)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.04	North Atlantic	P. seminuda (121377)
Rupelian - Chattian	33.9 - 23.04	Canada (British Columbia)	P. gracilis (209759)
Late/Upper Oligocene	27.3 - 23.04	North Atlantic	P. seminuda (121376 121378)
Aquitanian	23.04 - 20.45	Austria	P. sp. (99160)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	South Pacific	P. proparri (254240)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene	23.04 - 11.63	Costa Rica	P. sp. (143215)
Miocene	23.04 - 5.333	North Pacific	P. sp. (266160)
Otaian	21.7 - 18.7	New Zealand	P. whaiangaroica (77488)
Otaian - Altonian	21.7 - 15.9	New Zealand	P. whaiangaroica (77489)
Altonian	18.7 - 15.9	New Zealand	P. whaiangaroica (77491)
Middle Miocene	15.98 - 11.63	Ecuador	P. jarvisi (90852) P. morreyae (90851)
Middle Miocene	15.98 - 11.63	Indian Ocean	P. vaughni (259431 259432)
Serravallian	13.82 - 11.63	USA (Florida)	P. mansfieldi (94810)
NN9	10.6 - 9.6	Indian Ocean	P. advena (242460 242461 242462 242463 242464)
N. acostaensis/G. lenguaensis CRZ	9.83 - 6.13	Indian Ocean	P. vaughni (256722)
N. acostaensis/G. lenguaensis CRZ - G. extremus PRZ - Atlantic	9.83 - 5.72	Indian Ocean	P. sp. (256717) P. vaughni (256719)
NN10	9.6 - 8.25	Indian Ocean	P. advena (242456)
NN11	8.25 - 5.6	Indian Ocean	P. advena (242439 242446 242447 242449 242451 242452 242455)
Early/Lower Pliocene	5.333 - 3.6	North Pacific	P. advena (245020)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	North Pacific	P. sp. (271036 271037)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	Ecuador	P. advena, P. californica (90838) P. californica (90839)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.58	North Pacific	P. sp. (266078)
NN14 - NN15	4.0 - 3.75	Indian Ocean	P. advena (242426 242427)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Pleistocene	3.6 - 0.0117	Indian Ocean	P. vaughni (254517 254519)
D. altispira HOZ - Atlantic - G. miocenica HOZ - Atlantic	3.16 - 2.39	Indian Ocean	P. sp. (256713)
Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.0117	North Pacific	P. sp. (261592 261593 261595 261599 261600 261601 261603 261604 261605 261606 261607 261986 261989 261990 261993 261995 262001 262003 262004 262005 262006 262008 262010 262012 262015)
NN18	2.4 - 1.9	Indian Ocean	P. advena (242644 242645)
C2r.1r	2.116 - 1.925	North Pacific	P. sp. (268039 268042)
NN19	1.9 - 0.42	Indian Ocean	P. advena (242413 242628 242636 242639)
G. ruber PRZ	1.88 - 0.0	Indian Ocean	P. vaughni (256712)
NN21	0.29 - 0.0	South Pacific	P. advena (243464)
NN21	0.29 - 0.0	Indian Ocean	P. advena (242409)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	South Pacific	P. pohana (273969 273973)