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Pholidophoriformes

Osteichthyes - Paphosisciformes - Dwykiidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2011Pholidophoriformes Long p. 242
2013Pholidophoriformes Arratia p. 15
2015Pholidophoriformes Tintori et al. p. 287
2016Pholidophoriformes Nelson et al. p. 129
2017Pholidophoriformes Arratia p. 3

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassActinopterygii()
infraclassActinopteri()
familyDwykiidae
familyKenderlichthyidae
familyNematoptychiidaeKazantseva-Selezneva 1977
familyPalaeobergiidaeKazantseva 1968
orderPaphosisciformes
orderPercomorphi
orderPhanerosteoniformes
orderPlectognathi
orderRedfieldiiformes(Berg 1940)
familyBrookvaliidaeBerg 1940
classPlacodermiM'Coy 1848
RankNameAuthor
classChondrichthyes
orderRhadinichthyiformes
orderScleroparei
familyScopelidae
familyTurseoidae
familyUydeniidaeKazantseva-Selezneva 1980
familyCoccolepidaeBerg 1940
familyTienshaniscidaeLiu and Wang 1978
orderPtycholepidiformes
orderDiscordichthyiformesMinikh 1998
orderAmphicentriformes
familyTeleopterinidaeBerg 1936
familyStyracopteridaeMoy-Thomas 1937
familyAmphicentridaeYoung 1866
orderAeduelliformesHeyler 1969
orderScanilepidiformes()
—Teleosteomorpha
—Teleostei(Müller 1846)
orderPholidophoriformes
genusPholidophoriformesTraquair 1875

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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G. †Pholidorhynchodon Zambelli 1980
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†Pholidorhynchodon malzannii Zambelli 1980
Fm. †Archaeomaenidae Wade 1941
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G. †Gurvanichthys Jakovlev 1986
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†Gurvanichthys mongoliensis Jakovlev 1986
G. †Madariscus Wade 1941
Fm. †Eurycormidae Arratia 2017
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†Eurycormus grandis Woodward 1889
†Eurycormus speciosus Wagner 1863
G. †Grimmenichthys Konwert and Hörnig 2018
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†Grimmenichthys ansorgei Konwert and Hörnig 2018
Fm. †Ichthyokentemidae Griffith and Patterson 1963
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G. †Elpistoichthys Griffith 1977
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†Elpistoichthys pectinatus Griffith 1977
†Elpistoichthys striolatus Griffith 1977
G. †Luxembourgichthys Taverne and Steurbaut 2017
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Fm. †Pholidophoridae Woodward 1890
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G. †Annaichthys Arratia 2013
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G. †Archaeomaene Woodward 1895
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†Archaeomaene robustus Woodward 1895
†Archaeomaene tenuis Woodward 1895
G. †Ceneichthys Taverne and Capasso 2015
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†Ceneichthys zambellii Taverne and Capasso 2015
G. †Ceramurus Egerton 1845
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†Ceramurus macrocephalus Egerton 1845
G. †Eopholidophorus Zambelli 1989
G. †Knerichthys Arratia 2013
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†Knerichthys bronni Kner 1866
G. †Lombardichthys Arratia 2017
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†Lombardichthys gervasuttii Zambelli 1980
G. †Malingichthys Tintori et al. 2015
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†Malingichthys nimaiguensis Tintori et al. 2015
†Malingichthys wanfenglinensis Tintori et al. 2015
G. †Neopholidophoropsis Taverne 1981
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†Parapholidophorus caffii Airaghi 1908
†Parapholidophorus nybelini Zambelli 1975
G. †Pholidoctenus Zambelli 1978
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†Pholidoctenus serianus Zambelli 1978
G. †Pholidolepis Nybelin 1966
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†Pholidolepis dorsetensis Nybelin 1966
G. †Pholidophoretes Griffith 1977
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†Pholidophoretes salvus Griffith 1977
G. †Pholidophoroides Woodward 1941
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†Pholidophoroides limbata Agassiz 1833
G. †Pholidophoropsis Nybelin 1966
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†Pholidophoropsis caudalis Woodward 1895
†Pholidophoropsis maculata Nybelin 1966
G. †Pholidophorus Agassiz 1832
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†Pholidophorus angustus Agassiz 1843
†Pholidophorus australis Woodward 1908
†Pholidophorus barazzettii Bassani 1886
†Pholidophorus brevis Davies 1887
†Pholidophorus browni Broom 1913
†Pholidophorus dubius Woodward 1890
†Pholidophorus furcatus Agassiz 1833
†Pholidophorus gaudryi Sauvage 1892
†Pholidophorus germanicus Quenstedt 1858
†Pholidophorus gracilis Agassiz 1838
†Pholidophorus granulatus Egerton 1854
†Pholidophorus gregarius Woodward 1890
†Pholidophorus hartmanni Egerton 1843
†Pholidophorus higginsi Egerton 1854
†Pholidophorus intermedius Agassiz 1838
†Pholidophorus latimanus Agassiz 1834
†Pholidophorus latiusculus Agassiz 1832
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Invalid names: Pholidophorus deeckei de Zigno 1891 [synonym], Pholidophorus fusiformis Agassiz 1844 [synonym], Pholidophorus latiusculus pusillus Zambelli 1986 [objective synonym], Pholidophorus taramelli de Zigno 1891 [synonym]
†Pholidophorus latus Agassiz 1834
†Pholidophorus maximus Agassiz 1843
†Pholidophorus micronyx Agassiz 1834
†Pholidophorus microps Agassiz 1833
†Pholidophorus minor Agassiz 1843
†Pholidophorus nitidus Egerton 1854
†Pholidophorus onychius Agassiz 1837
†Pholidophorus ornatus Agassiz 1843
†Pholidophorus pachysomus Egerton 1852
†Pholidophorus pusillus Agassiz 1833
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Invalid names: Pholidophorus knerii de Zigno 1891 [synonym]
†Pholidophorus radians Agassiz 1834
†Pholidophorus spaethi Taverne 1981
†Pholidophorus stricklandi Agassiz 1843
†Pholidophorus striolaris Agassiz 1843
†Pholidophorus taxis Agassiz 1834
†Pholidophorus uraeoides Agassiz 1834
Invalid names: Microps Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Pholidophorus Zigno 1856 [objective synonym]
G. †Pseudopholidoctenus Arratia and Schultze 2024
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†Pseudopholidoctenus germanicus Arratia and Schultze 2024
G. †Zambellichthys Arratia 2013
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Invalid names: Pholidophorinae Zambelli 1986 [empty]
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G. †Gondwanapleuropholis Brito and Gallo 2002
G. †Pleuropholis Egerton 1858
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†Pleuropholis attenuata Morris 1854
†Pleuropholis attenuatus Egerton 1858
†Pleuropholis cinerosorum Alvarado-Ortega and Brito 2016
†Pleuropholis crassicauda Egerton 1858
†Pleuropholis danielae Brito and Vullo 2023
†Pleuropholis formosa Woodward 1919
†Pleuropholis longicaudus Egerton 1858
†Pleuropholis serrata Egerton 1858
Invalid names: Catervariolidae [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: nektonicc
Diet: carnivorec
Created: 2004-08-17 13:49:23
Modified: 2009-12-13 03:31:01
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Wagner 2023, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Spathian to the top of the Late/Upper Cenomanian or 248.10000 to 93.90000 Ma

Collections (99 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Spathian - Bithynian248.1 - 244.24Australia (New South Wales) Pholidophorus gregarius (131926)
Pelsonian - Illyrian244.24 - 241.464Australia (New South Wales) Pholidophorus sp. (111729)
Illyrian243.33 - 241.464Germany Pholidophorus sp. (139864) Pseudopholidoctenus germanicus (138117)
Illyrian243.33 - 241.464Italy Pholidophorus barazzettii (117943 149323)
Ladinian241.464 - 237.0Spain Parapholidophorus sp. (149853) Pholidophoridae indet. (148734 148735) Pholidophorus sp., Pholidophoriformes indet. (149852)
Longobardian239.48 - 237.0China (Guizhou) Malingichthys nimaiguensis, Malingichthys wanfenglinensis (175087)
Julian237.0 - 233.6Italy Knerichthys bronni (153334 153335) Pholidophorus microlepidotus, Pholidophorus bronnii (122361)
Julian237.0 - 233.6Austria Elpistoichthys pectinatus, Pholidophoretes salvus, Elpistoichthys striolatus (118111)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3United Kingdom (England) Pholidophorus sp. (46889)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4South Africa (Free State) Pholidophorus browni (220879) Pholidophorus sp. (220878)
Lacian227.3 - 215.38Indonesia (Maluku) Pholidophorus sp. (204490)
Norian227.3 - 205.7Italy Pholidophorus knerii, Pholidophorus deeckei, Pholidophorus taramelli (153107)
Alaunian215.38 - 211.18Austria Pholidophorus latiusculus (121671 155734 207544 207545 207546 207547) Pholidophorus sp. n., Pholidophorus latiusculus (122455)
Alaunian215.38 - 211.18Austria (Tirol) Pholidophorus latiusculus, Pholidophorus pusillus (130601 130602)
Alaunian215.38 - 211.18Italy (Lombardia) Parapholidophorus nybelini, Pholidoctenus serianus, Pholidorhynchodon malzannii (59639)
Alaunian215.38 - 211.18Italy Pholidophorus gervasuttii, Zambellichthys bergamensis, Annaichthys pontegiurinensis (122001) Pholidophorus latiusculus (131996) Pholidophorus latiusculus, Pholidophorus pusillus (153108) Pholidorhynchodon malzannii, Ceneichthys zambellii (198268)
Alaunian215.38 - 211.18Italy (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) Eopholidophorus forojuliensis (83370)
Sevatian211.18 - 205.7Italy Pholidoctenus sanpellegrinensis (186590) Pholidophorus caffii (130603)
Rhaetian205.7 - 201.4United Kingdom (Gloucestershire) Pholidophorus higginsi (204164)
Rhaetian205.7 - 201.4Austria Pholidophorus sp. (195673)
Rhaetian205.7 - 201.4United Kingdom (England) Pholidophorus higginsi (131728 132046) Pholidophorus sp., Pholidophorus higginsi, Pholidophorus nitidus (122365)
Rhaetian - Hettangian205.7 - 199.5United Kingdom (England) Pholidophorus leptocephalus (96606)
Planorbis201.4 - 199.5United Kingdom Pholidophorus stricklandi (131892)
Planorbis201.4 - 199.5United Kingdom (England) Pholidophorus stricklandi (122157 122158)
Hettangian - Sinemurian201.4 - 192.9United Kingdom (Warwickshire) Pholidophorus stricklandi (136914)
Hettangian - Sinemurian201.4 - 192.9United Kingdom (England) Pholidophorus stricklandi (131925 132045)
Early/Lower Jurassic201.4 - 174.7Italy (Trento) Pholidophorus beggiatianus (232110)
Jurassic201.4 - 143.1Brazil (Piaui) Gondwanapleuropholis longimaxillaris (133340)
Bucklandi199.5 - 192.9Italy Pholidolepis sp., Pholidophorus sp. (90673)
Sinemurian199.5 - 192.9United Kingdom (England) Pholidolepis dorsetensis, Pholidophorus crenulatus, Pholidophoroides limbata, Pholidophorus caudalis, Pholidophoropsis maculata, Pholidophorus limbatus, Pholidophoroides crenulata, Pholidophorus pachysomus (122153) Pholidophorus crenulatus, Pholidophorus caudalis, Pholidophorus limbatus (122155) Pholidophorus crenulatus, Pholidophorus caudalis, Pholidophorus limbatus, Pholidophorus pachysomus (122154)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9Luxembourg Pholidophorus friedeni (195084)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9Belgium Luxembourgichthys friedeni (195085)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9France Pholidophorus germanicus (122732) Pholidophorus retrodorsalis, Pholidophorus germanicus, Pholidophorus gaudryi (122733)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9Italy (Lombardy) Pholidophorus sp. (90436)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9Germany Pholidophorus germanicus, Pholidophorus hartmanni (122170)
Falciferum184.2 - 182.9Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) Pholidophoriformes indet., Grimmenichthys ansorgei (186714)
Falciferum184.2 - 182.9France Pholidophorus gaudryi (122734)
Falciferum184.2 - 182.9Luxembourg Pholidophorus friedeni (148844)
Tenuicostatum184.2 - 182.9Italy Pholidophorus sp. (190202)
Toarcian184.2 - 174.7United Kingdom Pholidophorus crenulatus (131929) Pholidophorus germanicus (132036)
Toarcian184.2 - 174.7Germany Pholidophorus germanicus (131924) Pholidophorus sp., Pholidophorus germanicus, Pholidophorus hartmanni (122169)
Toarcian184.2 - 174.7Germany (Würtemberg) Pholidophorus germanicus, Pholidophorus hartmanni (122171)
Toarcian184.2 - 174.7United Kingdom (England) Pholidophorus germanicus (122167 122372)
Thouarsense180.4 - 174.7Luxembourg Pholidophoriformes indet. (141389)
Bathonian168.2 - 165.3United Kingdom Pholidophorus sp. (131844)
Bathonian168.2 - 165.3France Pholidophorus sp., Pholidophorus germanicus (131997)
Callovian165.3 - 161.5United Kingdom (England) Pholidophorus sp. (130656)
Late/Upper Callovian165.3 - 161.5France Eurycormus grandis (123348)
Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Chile Pholidophorus domeykanus (215835)
Oxfordian - Tithonian161.5 - 143.1Australia (New South Wales) Archaeomaene tenuis, Archaeomaene robustus (29461)
Kimmeridgian154.8 - 149.2France Pholidophorus sp. (131960)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian152.21 - 149.2Germany (Bavaria) Pholidophorus sp., Pleuropholis sp. (150583)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian152.21 - 149.2Germany (Eastern Bavaria) Pleuropholis sp. (187436)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian152.21 - 149.2Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Pholidophorus sp. 1, Pholidophorus sp. 2, Pholidophorus sp. 3, Eurycormus speciosus (154138)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06Germany (Bavaria) Eurycormus speciosus (198269)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) Pholidophorus sp. (35262)
Berriasian143.1 - 137.05United Kingdom (England) Pholidophorus granulatus (52301) Pleuropholis attenuatus (122161) Pleuropholis crassicaudus (122162)
Early/Lower Cretaceous - Aptian143.1 - 113.2Brazil (Ceará) Pleuropholidae indet. (59355)
Late/Upper Berriasian139.1 - 137.05Denmark (Bornholm) Pleuropholis serratus (68332) Pleuropholis sp. (68331)
Late/Upper Barremian125.77 - 121.4Spain (Castilla-La Mancha) Pleuropholis sp. (28006)
Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian125.77 - 119.57Belgium (Hainaut) Pholidophorus sp., Pholidophorus obesus (22645)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 119.57Germany Pholidophorus ornatus, Pholidophorus spaethi, Neopholidophoropsis serrata (212878)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Mongolia (Govi-Altai) Gurvanichthys mongoliensis (122332)
Early/Lower Albian113.2 - 110.1Italy (Campania) Pleuropholis decastroi (112631) Pleuropholis decastroii (221195)
Albian113.2 - 100.5Argentina Pleuropholidae indet. (22710)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Morocco (Er Rachida) Pleuropholis danielae (230286)