Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Ichthyodectoidei

Osteichthyes - Ichthyodectiformes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1966Ichthyodectoidei Romer
2003Ichthyodectoidei Forey et al. p. 228
2004Ichthyodectoidei Alvarado-Ortega
2009Ichthyodectoidei Alvarado-Ortega and Brito
2020Ichthyodectoidei Amalfitano et al. p. 277
2022Ichthyodectoidei Argyriou et al. p. 5

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
RankNameAuthor
subclassActinopterygii()
infraclassActinopteri()
—Teleosteomorpha
—Teleostei(Müller 1846)
orderIchthyodectiformesBardack and Sprinkle 1969
suborderIchthyodectoideiRomer 1966
suborderIchthyodectoideiRomer 1966

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. †Ichthyodectoidei Romer 1966
show all | hide all
Fm. †Bardackichthyidae Hacker and Shimada 2021
hide
G. †Amakusaichthys Yabumoto et al. 2018
G. †Bardackichthys Hacker and Shimada 2021
+
†Bardackichthys carteri Hacker and Shimada 2021
G. †Heckelichthys Taverne 2008
+
†Heckelichthys microdon Heckel 1849
†Heckelichthys preopercularis Banos-Rodriguez et al. 2020
†Heckelichthys vexillifer Heckel 1856
Fm. †Ichthyodectidae Crook 1892
hide
G. †Faugichthys Taverne and Chanet 2000
+
†Faugichthys loryi Taverne and Chanet 2000
G. †Furloichthys Taverne and Capasso 2018
+
†Furloichthys bonarellii Taverne and Capasso 2018
G. †Ghrisichthys Cavin et al. 2013
+
†Ghrisichthys bardacki Cavin 1997
G. †Ichthyodectes Cope 1870
+
†Ichthyodectes anaides Cope 1872
†Ichthyodectes hamatus Cope 1872
†Ichthyodectes libanicus Pictet and Humbert 1866
†Ichthyodectes parvus Stewart 1900
†Ichthyodectes tenuidens Woodward 1901
Invalid names: Ichthyodectes minor Egerton 1850 [nomen dubium]
G. †Portheus Cope 1871
+
†Portheus daviesi Newton 1877
†Portheus gaultinus Newton 1877
†Portheus jaxarticus Riabinin 1938
†Portheus mantelli Newton 1877
G. †Xiphactinus Leidy 1870
+
†Xiphactinus audax Leidy 1870
+
Invalid names: Portheus lestrio Cope 1873 [synonym], Portheus lowii Stewart 1898 [synonym], Portheus molossus Cope 1871 [synonym], Portheus mudgei Cope 1874 [synonym], Saurocephalus thaumas Cope 1870 [synonym], Xiphactinus brachygnathus Stewart 1898 [synonym]
†Xiphactinus vetus Leidy 1856
+
Invalid names: Polygonodon rectus Leidy 1858 [synonym], Portheus angulatus Cope 1872 [synonym]
Fm. †Saurodontidae Stewart
hide
G. †Gillicus Hay 1898
+
†Gillicus arcuatus Cope 1875
†Gillicus serridens Woodward 1901
G. †Prosaurodon Stewart 1999
+
†Prosaurodon pygmaeus Stewart 1999
Invalid names: Ichthyodectes elegans Newton 1877 [nomen dubium]
G. †Saurocephalus Harlan 1824
+
†Saurocephalus broadheadi Stewart 1898
†Saurocephalus dentatus Stewart 1898
†Saurocephalus ferox Stewart 1898
†Saurocephalus pygmaeus Loomis 1900
†Saurocephalus striatus Agassiz 1837
Invalid names: Daptinus Cope 1873 [synonym]
G. †Saurodon Hays 1829
+
†Saurodon elongatus Taverne and Bronzi 1999
†Saurodon intermedius Newton 1878
†Saurodon leanus Hays 1830
†Saurodon phlebotomus Cope 1871
G. †Verraesichthys Taverne 2010
+
†Verraesichthys bloti Taverne 2010
Invalid names: Gwawinapterus Arbour and Currie 2011 [nomen dubium], Gwawinapterus beardi Arbour and Currie 2011 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: carnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-20 21:09:47
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:23:33
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Early/Lower Tithonian to the top of the Bartonian or 149.20000 to 37.71000 Ma

Collections (113 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06France (Poitou-Charentes) Ichthyodectidae indet. (164377)
Early/Lower Berriasian - Middle Berriasian143.1 - 139.1France (Poitou-Charentes) Ichthyodectidae indet. (61930)
Hauterivian132.6 - 125.77Switzerland Saurocephalus inflexus (2198)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 119.57Germany Xiphactinus sp. (221372)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Venezuela (Zulia) Ichthyodectidae indet. (89071)
Albian113.2 - 100.5Switzerland Saurocephalus albensis (2167)
Albian - Cenomanian113.2 - 93.9Canada (Alberta) Ichthyodectidae indet. (22733)
Albian - Cenomanian113.2 - 93.9Mexico (Hidalgo) Heckelichthys preopercularis (135815)
Late/Upper Albian106.3 - 100.5France Faugichthys loryi (63325)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Croatia Thrissops microdon (221235)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Venezuela (Trujillo) Xiphactinus audax (176561)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9United Kingdom (England) Saurocephalus lanciformis (49496)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Mexico (Chiapas) Ichthyodectoidei indet. (192074)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Spain (Asturias) Ichthyodectidae indet. (98396)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Egypt Portheus sp. (214404)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Croatia Thrissops microdon (123550 123565 221022)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Kansas) Xiphactinus audax (213414 213416 213417 213418 213419)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Italy Ichthyodectoidei indet., Heckelichthys vexillifer (214600)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Lebanon Chirocentrites libanicus (216596 221227)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Utah) Xiphactinus audax (236735)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Italy (Pesaro) Furloichthys bonarellii (221194)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Slovenia Thrissops vexillifer (221237)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Colorado) Xiphactinus audax (35429)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Texas) Bardackichthys carteri (219842)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Kansas) Xiphactinus audax (94538) Xiphactinus sp. (83071)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Canada (Saskatchewan) Xiphactinus audax, Ichthyodectes ctenodon (22731 52997)
Cenomanian - Turonian100.5 - 89.8United Kingdom (England) Ichthyodectes minor, Ichthyodectes elegans, Ichthyodectes tenuidens, Saurodon intermedius (238510)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Polygonodon vetus (126156)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Utah) Gillicus arcuatus (67973)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8Morocco (Meknès - Tafilalt) Ichthyodectes bardacki (51686)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Nebraska) Xiphactinus audax (213402)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Kansas) Xiphactinus audax (213384 213385)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8Canada (Northwest Territories) Ichthyodectes ctenodon (220897 220907)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8Canada (Alberta) Gillicus sp., Xiphactinus sp., Ichthyodectes ctenodon (221341) Ichthyodectes ctenodon (213294)
Middle Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Kansas) Ichthyodectes ctenodon (213390) Xiphactinus audax (35365 213387 213526)
Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8Uzbekistan (Navoi) Ichthyodectidae indet. (58167 58168)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (South Dakota) Gillicus arcuatus, Ichthyodectes sp. (181902)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Kansas) Xiphactinus audax (102879)
Turonian - Coniacian93.9 - 85.7USA (Texas) Ichthyodectes sp., Xiphactinus sp. (107425)
Early/Lower Coniacian89.8 - 85.7USA (Texas) Xiphactinus audax (241388) Xiphactinus sp. (34755)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6Kazakhstan (Turkistan) Portheus sp. (53132)
Coniacian - Early/Lower Campanian89.8 - 72.2Canada (Manitoba) Ichthyodectidae indet., Gillicus arcuatus (36743) Xiphactinus audax (36747)
Coniacian - Middle Campanian89.8 - 72.2Canada (Manitoba) Ichthyodectes ctenodon (36752) Ichthyodectidae indet. (36744)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Early/Lower Campanian89.8 - 72.2USA (Mississippi) Xiphactinus audax (164393)
Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (South Dakota) Ichthyodectidae indet., Saurodontidae indet. (194130)
Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Portheus molossus, Ichthyodectes anaides, Gillicus arcuatus (188488)
Middle Santonian - Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Ichthyodectes ctenodon, Saurodontidae indet. (241665)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Xiphactinus audax, Gillicus arcuatus (94652) Xiphactinus sp. (93220)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (Alabama) Saurodon sp., Xiphactinus audax, Saurodon leanus, Saurocephalus lanciformis (81928)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6Russian Federation (Orenburg) Saurodontidae indet. (232890)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (Colorado) Ichthyodectes sp. (179211)
Late/Upper Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian85.7 - 72.2USA (Alabama) Saurodon leanus (81933) Saurodon leanus, Saurocephalus lanciformis (82053) Saurodontidae indet. (176940) Xiphactinus audax (81932 81972) Xiphactinus audax, Ichthyodectes ctenodon, Saurodon leanus (82054) Xiphactinus audax, Saurodon leanus (82049) Xiphactinus audax, Saurodon leanus, Saurocephalus lanciformis (81934)
Late/Upper Santonian - Middle Campanian85.7 - 72.2USA (Georgia) Xiphactinus audax (35289)
Santonian - Campanian85.7 - 72.2Canada (Alberta) Xiphactinus audax (192128)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Georgia) Xiphactinus audax (70720)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (North Carolina) Portheus molossus (190555) Portheus sp. (123474)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Wyoming) Ichthyodectes sp., Saurocephalus sp., Portheus sp. (105717)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2Canada (Nunavut) Xiphactinus sp. (36383)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Sweden (Skåne) Ichthyodectidae indet. (74334)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Alabama) Xiphactinus audax (81930)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Russian Federation (Saratov) Saurocephalus lanciformis (224997)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (North Carolina) Polygonodon rectus (106277)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (North Carolina) Saurodon sp., Polygonodon rectus, Xiphactinus audax (57918)
Judithian83.6 - 72.2USA (Wyoming) Xiphactinus vetus (14478 14479 14487)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Delaware) Xiphactinus sp. (27570)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (South Carolina) Ichthyodectidae indet., Saurodontidae indet. (79363)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Canada (British Columbia) Gwawinapterus beardi (84196)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (New Jersey) Xiphactinus audax (14455) Xiphactinus sp. (32181) Xiphactinus vetus (221052)
Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2Canada (Manitoba) Ichthyodectes ctenodon (36707)
Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (North Carolina) Xiphactinus vetus (128412)
Campanian - Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Italy (Lecce) Saurodon elongatus (140248)
Campanian - Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Canada (Manitoba) Ichthyodectidae indet. (36745)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Xiphactinus sp. (57916)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Saurodon sp. (7515)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Xiphactinus sp. (26818)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Xiphactinus vetus (213589)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Greece Ichthyodectoidei indet. (207367)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Netherlands Saurocephalus lanciformis (242198)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Jordan Saurocephalus sp., Saurodon sp., Ichthyodectidae indet. (170239)
Danian66.0 - 61.66USA (New Jersey) Saurocephalus lanciformis (26820)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71Egypt Saurocephalus fayumensis (42054)