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Cirripedia (barnacle)
Taxonomy
Cirripedia was named by Rafinesque (1816). It is extant.
It was reranked as the infraclass Cirripedia by Martin and Davis (2001) and Oakley et al. (2013); it was reranked as the subclass Cirripedia by Collareta et al. (2018), Hegna et al. (2020) and Chan et al. (2021).
It was assigned to Arthropoda by Wilson (1983) and Sepkoski (2002); to Crustacea by Martin (1904) and Kiessling (2003); to Thecostraca by Martin and Davis (2001) and Oakley et al. (2013); to Maxillopoda by Collareta et al. (2018); and to Thecostraca by Hegna et al. (2020) and Chan et al. (2021).
It was reranked as the infraclass Cirripedia by Martin and Davis (2001) and Oakley et al. (2013); it was reranked as the subclass Cirripedia by Collareta et al. (2018), Hegna et al. (2020) and Chan et al. (2021).
It was assigned to Arthropoda by Wilson (1983) and Sepkoski (2002); to Crustacea by Martin (1904) and Kiessling (2003); to Thecostraca by Martin and Davis (2001) and Oakley et al. (2013); to Maxillopoda by Collareta et al. (2018); and to Thecostraca by Hegna et al. (2020) and Chan et al. (2021).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1816 | Cirripedia Rafinesque |
| 1904 | Cirripedia Martin p. 94 |
| 1983 | Cirrhipedia Wilson p. 486 |
| 2001 | Cirripedia Martin and Davis p. 58 |
| 2002 | Cirripedia Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Cirripedia Kiessling |
| 2013 | Cirripedia Oakley et al. |
| 2018 | Cirripedia Collareta et al. p. 15 |
| 2020 | Cirripedia Hegna et al. p. 37 |
| 2021 | Cirripedia Chan et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subcl. Cirripedia Rafinesque 1816 [barnacle]
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Infracl. Acrothoracica Gruvel 1905
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Or. Cryptophialida Kolbasov et al. 2009
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Fm. Cryptophialidae Gerstaecker 1866
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G. Australophialus Tomlinson 1969
G. Cryptophialus Darwin 1854
Or. Lithoglyptida Kolbasov et al. 2009
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Fm. Lithoglyptidae Aurivillius 1892
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Subfm. Lithoglyptinae Aurivillius 1892
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G. Auritoglyptes Kolbasov and Newman 2005
G. Balanodytes Utinomi 1950
G. Lithoglyptes Aurivillius 1892
Fm. Trypetesidae Stebbing 1910
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G. Tomlinsonia Turquier 1985
G. Trypetesa Norman 1903
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†Trypetesa caveata Tomlinson 1963
Trypetesa lampas Hancock 1849
Invalid names: Alcippe Hancock 1849 [replaced], Alcippoides Strand 1928 [replaced]
Invalid names: Apygophora Berndt 1907 [synonym], Pygophora Berndt 1907 [synonym]
Fm. †Zapfellidae Saint-Seine 1954
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Invalid names: Rodgerellidae Codez and Saint-Seine 1958 [empty]
G. †Bassettina Hodges 1995
Fm. †Ctenaenigmatidae Novojilov 1955
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G. Ilba
Infracl. Rhizocephala Müller 1862
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Fm. Chthamalophilidae Bocquet-Vedrine 1961
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G. Bocquetia Pawlik 1987
G. Boschmaella Bocquet-Vedrine 1957
Fm. Clistosaccidae Lilljeborg 1861
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Fm. Mycetomorphidae Høeg and Rybakov 1992
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Fm. Peltogasterellidae Høeg and Glenner 2019
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G. Angulosaccus Reinhard 1944
G. Boschmaia Reinhard 1958
G. Cyphosaccus Reinhard 1958
G. Peltogasterella Krüger 1912
Fm. Peltogastridae Lilleborg 1861
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G. Briarosaccus Boschma 1930
G. Dipterosaccus van Kampen and Boschma 1925
G. Galatheascus Boschma 1929
G. Ommatogaster Yoshida and Osawa 2011
G. Paratriangulus Høeg and Glenner 2019
G. Pterogaster Van Baal 1937
G. Septodiscus Van Baal 1937
G. Septosaccus Duboscq 1912
G. Temnascus Boschma 1951
G. Tortugaster Reinhard 1948
G. Trachelosaccus Boschma 1928
G. †Triangulopsis Döring 1961
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†Triangulopsis discoidalis Döring 1961
†Triangulopsis plicatus Singh and Kumar 1969
†Triangulopsis varians Singh and Kumar 1969
Fm. Polyascidae Høeg and Glenner 2019
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G. Parasacculina Høeg and Glenner 2019
G. Polyascus Glenner et al. 2003
Fm. Sacculinidae Lilleborg 1861
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G. Drepanorchis Boschma 1927
G. Heterosaccus Smith 1906
G. Loxothylacus Boschma 1928
G. Ptychascus Boschma 1933
G. Sesarmaxenos Annandale 1911
Fm. Thompsoniidae Høeg and Rybakov 1992
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G. Diplothylacus Høeg and Lützen 1993
G. Jensia Boyko and Williams 2015
G. Thylacoplethus Coutière 1902
Invalid names: Akentrogonida Hafele 1911 [invalid subgroup], Kentrogonida Delage 1884 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Schreteriella
Infracl. Thoracica Darwin 1854
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Superor. Phosphatothoracica Gale 2019
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Or. †Eolepadomorpha Chan et al. 2021
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Fm. †Eolepadidae Buckeridge 1983
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G. †Eolepas Withers 1928
G. †Toarcolepas Gale and Schweigert 2015
Or. Iblomorpha Buckeridge and Newman 2006
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Fm. Idioiblidae Buckeridge and Newman 2006
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Subfm. Chaetolepadinae Buckeridge and Newman 2006
Subfm. Idioiblinae Buckeridge and Newman 2006
Superor. Thoracicalcarea Gale 2016
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Or. †Archaeolepadomorpha Chan et al. 2021
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Or. Balanomorpha Pilsbry 1916
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Fm. †Brachylepadidae Woodward 1901
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G. †Brachylepas
G. †Calvatilepas Gale and Vidovic 2023
G. †Crithmumlepas Gale and Vidovic 2023
G. †Epibrachylepas Gale 2014
G. †Fallaxlepas Gale 2020
G. †Parabrachylepas Gale 2014
Superfm. Chthamaloidea Darwin 1854
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Fm. Catophragmidae Utinomi 1968
Fm. Chthamalidae Darwin 1854
Fm. Pachylasmatidae Utinomi 1968
Fm. Waikalasmatidae Ross and Newman 2001
Superfm. Coronuloidea Leach 1817
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Fm. Austrobalanidae Newman and Ross 1976
Fm. Bathylasmatidae Newman and Ross 1971
Fm. Chelonibiidae Pilsbry 1916 [turtle barnacle]
Fm. Coronulidae Leach 1817 [whale barnacle]
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Invalid names: Platylepadidae Newman and Ross 1976 [synonym]
Fm. Tetraclitidae Gruvel 1903
Invalid names: Tetraclitoidea Gruvel 1903 [synonym]
Infraor. Neobalanomorpha Gale 2014
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Superfm. Chionelasmatoidea Buckeridge 1983
Invalid names: Pachylasmatoidea Pilsbry 1916 [empty]
Unr. Calamida Gale 2019
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Subor. Lepadomorpha Gruvel 1905
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Fm. †Cyprilepadidae Newman and Zullo 1969
G. †Rhamphoverritor Briggs et al. 2005
Or. Calanticomorpha Chan et al. 2021
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Fm. Calanticidae Zevina 1978
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G. Aurivillialepas Newman 1980
G. Calantica Gray 1825
G. Crosnieriella Jones 1998
G. Euscalpellum Hoek 1907
G. †Gruvelialepas Newman 1980
G. Newmanilepas Nevina and Yakhontova 1987
G. Paracalantica Utinomi 1958
G. Scillaelepas Seguenza 1872
G. Smilium Leach 1825
G. †Zeascalpellum Buckeridge 1983
Fm. †Cretiscalpellidae Buckeridge 1983
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G. †Cretiscalpellum Withers 1922
G. †Jagtscalpellum Gale 2020
G. †Striascalpellum Gale 2020
G. †Witherscalpellum Gale 2020
G. †Pachyscalpellum Buckeridge 1991
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†Pachyscalpellum cramptoni Buckeridge 1991
†Pachyscalpellum glauerti Withers 1926
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Invalid names: Pollicipes aboriginalis Buckeridge 1983 [synonym]
†Pachyscalpellum saskatchewanensis Russell 1967
Fm. †Titanolepadidae Gale 2015
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G. †Ivoelepas Gale 2015
G. †Levelepas Gale 2015
G. †Titanolepas Withers 1913
Or. Pollicipomorpha Chan et al. 2021
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Fm. Pollicipedidae Gruvel 1905
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G. Anelasma Darwin 1852
G. Capitulum Gray 1825
G. Pollicipes Leach 1817
Fm. †Zeugmatolepadidae Newman 2004
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Subfm. †Martillepadinae Gale 2014
Subfm. †Zeugmatolepadinae Newman 1996
Or. Scalpellomorpha Newman 1987
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Superfm. Lepadoidea Darwin 1852
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Fm. Heteralepadidae Nilsson-Cantrell 1921
Fm. Lepadidae Darwin 1851
Fm. Malacolepadidae Hiro 1937
Fm. Poecilasmatidae Annandale 1909
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Invalid names: Microlepadidae Zevina 1980 [synonym], Oxynaspididae Gruvel 1905 [synonym]
Fm. Rhizolepadidae Zevina 1980
Superfm. Neolepadoidea Yamaguchi et al. 2004
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Fm. Neobrachylepadidae Newman and Yamaguchi 1995
Fm. Neolepadidae Yamaguchi et al. 2004
Fm. Neoverrucidae Newman 1989
Or. Verrucomorpha Pilsbry 1916
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Fm. †Pycnolepadidae Gale and Vidovic 2023
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G. †Faxelepas Gale 2014
G. †Pedupycnolepas Gale 2014
G. †Pycnolepas Withers 1914
Fm. Verrucidae Darwin 1854
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G. Altiverruca Pilsbry 1916
G. Brochiverruca Zevina 1993
G. Cameraverruca Pilsbry 1916
G. Costatoverruca Young 1998
G. Cristallinaverruca Young 2002
G. Gibbosaverruca Young 2002
G. Globuloverruca Young 2004
G. Metaverruca Pilsbry 1916
G. Newmaniverruca Young 1998
G. †Priscoverruca Gale 2014
G. †Rostratoverruca Broch 1922
G. Spongoverruca Zevina 1987
G. Verruca Schumacher 1817
G. †Youngiverruca Gale 2014
Invalid names: Unilatera Gale 2019 [empty]
Invalid names: Pedunculata Lamarck 1818 [empty], Scalpelliformes Buckeridge and Newman 2006 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Darriwilian to the top of the Holocene or 467.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 458.4 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 458.4 Ma
Collections (1235 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Darriwilian | United Kingdom (Wales) | Cirripedia indet. (230215) | |
| Wenlock | United Kingdom | Rhamphoverritor reduncus (68060) | |
| Wenlock - Ludlow | USA (Tennessee) | Cirripedia indet. (26817) | |
| Ludfordian - Pridoli | USA (Oklahoma) | Cirripedia indet. (26824) | |
| Lochkovian - Pragian | Russian Federation | Ctenaenigma sp. (26990) | |
| Givetian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | Ctenaenigma tuvaense (60392 60393) | |
| Brigantian | USA (Alabama) | Cirripedia indet. (6754 6755 6759) | |
| Moscovian | USA (Illinois) | Praelepas damrowi (132078) | |
| Kasimovian | USA (Kansas) | Trypetesa lampas (159905) | |
| Missourian | USA (Ohio) | Trypetesa caveata (159903 159904) | |
| Missourian | USA (Texas) | Trypetesa caveata (159900 159901 159902) | |
| Gzhelian | USA (Kansas) | Trypetesa caveata (159906 159907) Trypetesa lampas (159908) | |
| Asselian | USA (Texas) | Trypetesa caveata (159909) | |
| Roadian | USA (Texas) | Acrothoracica indet. (43553) | |
| Wordian | Italy | Chitobalanus minusculus, Corobalanus problematicus (233340) | |
| Pelsonian | Slovakia | Cirripedia indet. (44913) | |
| Late/Upper Pliensbachian | Canada (British Columbia) | Balanus sp. (53089) | |
| Late/Upper Jurassic | China (Xizang) | Cirripedia indet. (61421) | |
| Late/Upper Jurassic | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Triangulopsis plicatus (226734) Triangulopsis varians, Triangulopsis discoidalis (224685) | |
| Late/Upper Jurassic - Early/Lower Cretaceous | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Triangulopsis discoidalis (224642) | |