PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Paronaella curticrassa

Protozoa - Spumellaria - Angulobracchiidae

Discussion

Named by Carter & Dumitrica.

Original description: Test small with a large slightly raised central area and three short stubby rays widely expanded and clubshaped at tips; each ray with a single short spine. Meshwork of test usually massive on central area and proximal part of arms, pore frames triangular to quadrangular or irregularly polygonal with nodes at vertices; meshwork slightly smaller towards ray tips. Lateral sides of rays vertical. Spines on ray tips triradiate at base then circular in axial section.

Original remarks: Paronaella curticrassa n. sp. differs from P. grahamensis Carter in having a larger central area and shorter rays with more widely expanded ray tips. The holotype appears to be morphologically intermediate between the two other specimens illustrated.

Etymology: From the Latin curtus - short and crassus fat, plump; adjective.

Taxonomy

Paronaella curticrassa was named by Gorican et al. (2006). Its type specimen is GSC 80574 (pl. PAR22, ﬁg. 2, Carter et al. 1988, pl. 4, ﬁg. 10) and is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is GSC loc. C-080577, Maude Island, which is in a Pliensbachian open shallow subtidal sandstone in the Fannin Formation of Canada.

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

P. acuta, P. annemariae, P. aranae, P. broenimanni, P. californiaensis, P. californiensis, P. carteri, P. centrodepressa, P. cleopatraensis, P. egregia, P. festiva, P. fragilis, P. glaber, P. grapevinensis, P. mocki, P. nipomoensis, P. nudum, P. panda, P. phantomensis, P. porosa, P. pseudoaulophacoides, P. reiflingensis, P. ruesti, P. shebajensis, P. simoni, P. spica, P. spinosa, P. suborbiformis, P. tlellensis, P. variabilis, P. venadoensis

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
2006	Paronaella curticrassa Gorican et al. p. 300 figs. Pl. PAR22

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Rank	Name	Author
—	Life
—	Eukaryota	()
class	Protozoa	Goldfuss 1820
subphylum	Sarcodina	Schmarda 1871
class	Reticularea	Lankester 1885

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Radiolaria	(Müller 1858)
order	Spumellaria	Ehrenberg 1875
family	Angulobracchiidae	Baumgartner 1980
genus	Paronaella	Pessagno 1971
species	curticrassa

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Paronaella curticrassa Gorican et al. 2006

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Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

silicap

Environment:

marinep

Locomotion:

passively mobilep

Life habit:

planktonicp

Diet:

omnivorep

Created:

2005-01-28 01:13:47

Modified:

2005-01-28 03:13:47

Source: p = phylum

Reference: Kiessling 1999

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Pliensbachian to the top of the Early/Lower Toarcian or 192.90000 to 182.90000 Ma

Collections (2 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Pliensbachian	192.9 - 184.2	Canada (British Columbia)	Paronaella sp. A (type locality: 71080)
Early/Lower Toarcian	184.2 - 182.9	USA (Oregon)	Sontonaella sp. B (124328)