PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Anisopodidae (wood gnat)

Insecta - Diptera - Anisopodidae

Taxonomy

Anisopodidae was named by Knab (1912). It is extant.

It was corrected as Anisopidae by Carpenter (1992).

It was assigned to Nematocera by Carpenter (1992), Carpenter (1992); to Anisopodomorpha by Ansorge and Krzemiński (1995); and to Anisopodoidea by Kovalev (1986), Yeates et al. (2007), Zhang (2007), Kania et al. (2018), Wojtoń et al. (2018), Kania et al. (2018), Wojtoń et al. (2019), Nel and Huang (2022).

Subtaxa

Anisopodinae, Eoanisopodites, Huaxiarhyphus, Liassorhyphus, Mycetobia longipennis, Mycetobia platyuroides, Mycetobiinae, Olbiogastrinae, Protoanisolarva, Teginae

Synonyms

Eopleciidae was named by Rohdendorf (1946).

It was synonymized subjectively with Anisopodidae by Ansorge and Krzemiński (1995), Pape et al. (2011).

It was assigned to Nematocera by Carpenter (1992).
Protolbiogastridae was named by Rohdendorf (1962).

It was synonymized subjectively with Anisopodidae by Kovalev (1986).

It was assigned to Nematocera by Carpenter (1992).
Eoanisopodites was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).

It was assigned to Nematocera by Zhang (2007).
Eoanisopodites fushunensis was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002), Duplicate (2002), Zhang (2007).
Mycetobia longipennis was named by Meunier (1899). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Baltic amber, Konigsberg collection, which is in a Priabonian terrestrial amber in the Russian Federation.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Edwards (1928), Wojtoń et al. (2019).
Mycetobia platyuroides was named by Meunier (1899). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Baltic amber, Konigsberg collection, which is in a Priabonian terrestrial amber in the Russian Federation.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Edwards (1928), Wojtoń et al. (2019).
Rhyphites was named by Newman (1834). It is extant. Its type is Rhyphus.

It was synonymized subjectively with Anisopodidae by Szadziewski and Szwedo (2016).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1899	Mycetobia longipennis Meunier p. 163
1899	Mycetobia platyuroides Meunier p. 164
1909	Mycetobia longipennis Johannsen p. 9
1909	Mycetobia platyuroides Johannsen p. 9
1912	Anisopodidae Knab p. 111
1946	Eopleciidae Rohdendorf p. 43
1962	Protolbiogastridae Rohdendorf p. 332
1986	Anisopodidae Kovalev p. 129
1992	Anisopidae Carpenter
1992	Eopleciidae Carpenter
1992	Protolbiogastridae Carpenter
1992	Anisopidae Carpenter p. 200
1995	Anisopodidae Ansorge and Krzemiński
2002	Eoanisopodites Hong p. 329
2002	Eoanisopodites fushunensis Hong p. 330 figs. 2.7.545-549
2007	Anisopodidae Yeates et al.
2007	Anisopodidae Zhang
2007	Eoanisopodites Zhang
2018	Anisopodidae Kania et al. p. 193
2018	Anisopodidae Wojtoń et al. p. 850
2019	Anisopodidae Wojtoń et al. p. 4
2022	Anisopodidae Nel and Huang p. 189

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa	Aguinaldo et al. 1997
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
—	Deuteropoda
—	Mandibulata
—	Pancrustacea	Zrzavý and Štys 1997
—	Altocrustacea	Regier et al. 2010
superclass	Allotriocarida
—	Athalassocarida
—	Labiocarida	Schwentner et al. 2017
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
—	Cercofilata

Rank	Name	Author
class	Insecta
—	Dicondylia
—	Paranotalia
subclass	Pterygota	()
—	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
—	Holometabola
—	Aparaglossata
—	Panorpida
superorder	Antliophora
order	Diptera
—	Neodiptera	Michelsen 1994
infraorder	Bibionomorpha
superfamily	Anisopodoidea
family	Anisopodidae
family	Anisopodidae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Anisopodidae Knab 1912 [wood gnat]

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Subfm. Anisopodinae Knab 1912

G. †Gansuplecia Hong 1990

†Gansuplecia triporata Hong 1990

G. †Jurolaemargus Evenhuis 1994

†Jurolaemargus yujiagouensis Hong 1983

Invalid names: Laemargus Hong 1983 [replaced]

G. †Leptoplecia Hong 1983

†Leptoplecia laevis Hong 1983

G. Sylvicola Harris 1780

†Sylvicola baltica Wojtoń et al. 2018

†Sylvicola cadaver Scudder 1890

†Sylvicola carolae Lewis 1969

Sylvicola fenestralis Scopoli 1763

†Sylvicola harrisi Hancock and Kania 2019

Invalid names: Sylvicola punctata Wojtoń et al. 2018 [replaced]

†Sylvicola hoffeinsorum Wojtoń et al. 2018

†Sylvicola hooleyi Cockerell 1921

†Sylvicola maculata Heer 1849

†Sylvicola prisca Brodie 1845

†Sylvicola problematica Krzemiński 2019

†Sylvicola silibrarius Greenwalt 2019

†Sylvicola splendida Meunier 1904

†Sylvicola thiriona Meunier 1904

Invalid names: Anisopus Meigen 1803 [synonym], Asarcomyia Scudder 1890 [synonym], Bria Giebel 1856 [synonym], Lycoria Latreille 1802 [synonym], Rhyphus Latreille 1804 [synonym]

G. †Huaxiarhyphus Hong 1996

†Huaxiarhyphus chichengensis Hong 1996

G. †Liassorhyphus Nel and Huang 2022

†Liassorhyphus liaoi Nel and Huang 2022

Subfm. Mycetobiinae Winnertz 1863

G. Mesochria Enderlein 1910

†Mesochria deploegi Camier and Nel 2019

†Mesochria fani Szadziewski and Szwedo 2016

†Mesochria neotropica Grimaldi 1991

G. Mycetobia Meigen 1818

†Mycetobia antillea Grimaldi 1991

†Mycetobia christelae Wojtoń et al. 2019

†Mycetobia connexa Meunier 1899

Invalid names: Mycetobia callida Meunier 1904 [synonym]

†Mycetobia cryptambra Grimaldi 1991

†Mycetobia hansi Wojtoń et al. 2019

†Mycetobia myanmara Kania et al. 2018

†Mycetobia perkovskyi Wojtoń et al. 2019

†Mycetobia silvia Wojtoń et al. 2019

†Mycetobia sylvieae Camier and Nel 2019

†Mycetobia szwedoi Wojtoń et al. 2019

Invalid names: Neomesochria Amorim and Tozoni 1994 [synonym]

Invalid names: Mesochriini Amorim and Tozoni 1994 [empty]

Subfm. Olbiogastrinae Hennig 1973

G. †Cretolbia Kania et al. 2018

†Cretolbia burmitica Kania et al. 2018

†Cretolbia hukawnga Kania et al. 2018

†Cretolbia zhuodei Kania et al. 2018

G. †Megarhyphus Kovalev 1990

†Megarhyphus amberae Krzemińska et al. 2010

†Megarhyphus rarus Zhang 2007

†Megarhyphus rectinervis Kovalev 1990

†Megarhyphus sophiae Kovalev 1990

G. †Mesorhyphus Handlirsch 1920

†Mesorhyphus blagoderovi Wojtoń et al. 2019

†Mesorhyphus clavipes Kovalev 1990

†Mesorhyphus handlirschi Lukashevich 2012

†Mesorhyphus hennigi Lukashevich 2012

†Mesorhyphus nanus Handlirsch 1920

Invalid names: Eoplecia primitiva Handlirsch 1920 [synonym], Mesorhyphus areolatus Handlirsch 1939 [synonym]

†Mesorhyphus rhaeticus Rohdendorf 1962

†Mesorhyphus ulrichi Kopeć and Gehler 2018

†Mesorhyphus zirzipanus Ansorge 1996

Invalid names: Eoplecia Handlirsch 1920 [synonym], Protolbiogaster Rohdendorf 1962 [synonym]

G. Olbiogaster Osten-Sacken 1886

†Olbiogaster perezi Grimaldi and Amorim 1995

†Olbiogaster simplex Cockerell 1921

Invalid names: Adonia Giebel 1856 [replaced], Eothereva Cockerell 1921 [synonym]

G. †Pachyrhyphus Kovalev 1986

†Pachyrhyphus jakovlevi Kovalev 1986

†Pachyrhyphus malus Kovalev 1986

†Pachyrhyphus transbaicalicus Kovalev 1990

G. †Pseudadonia Handlirsch 1906

†Pseudadonia fittoni Brodie 1845

G. †Thiras Giebel 1856

†Thiras westwoodi Giebel 1856

G. †Protoanisolarva Peñalver et al. 2022

†Protoanisolarva juarezi Peñalver et al. 2022

Subfm. †Teginae Lukashevich 2012

G. †Amorimyia Lukashevich 2020

†Amorimyia robusta Lukashevich 2020

G. †Tega Blagoderov et al. 1993

†Tega karatavica Blagoderov et al. 1993

†Tega penna Blagoderov et al. 1993

Invalid names: Eoanisopodites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Eopleciidae Rohdendorf 1946 [synonym], Mycetobia longipennis Meunier 1899 [nomen dubium], Mycetobia platyuroides Meunier 1899 [nomen dubium], Protolbiogastridae Rohdendorf 1962 [synonym], Rhyphidae Newman 1834 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Kiessling 2004, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Aegean to the top of the Sarmatian or 246.70000 to 11.63000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 244.99 Ma

Collections (58 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Aegean	246.7 - 244.99	Spain	Protoanisolarva juarezi (228719)
Hettangian - Sinemurian	201.4 - 192.9	Kyrgyzstan (Tonskiy)	Protolbiogaster rhaetica (105087)
Turneri	199.5 - 192.9	United Kingdom (England)	Megarhyphus amberae (123282)
Early/Lower Toarcian	184.2 - 182.9	Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)	Mesorhyphus zirzipanus (114993)
Early/Lower Toarcian	184.2 - 182.9	Germany	Mesorhyphus nanus, Eoplecia primitiva, Mesorhyphus areolatus (123987)
Falciferum	184.2 - 182.9	Germany	Mesorhyphus ulrichi (192037)
Toarcian	184.2 - 174.7	China (Xinjiang)	Liassorhyphus liaoi (229468)
Callovian - Oxfordian	165.3 - 154.8	China (Nei Mongol)	Megarhyphus rarus (113363) Mesorhyphus blagoderovi (210302)
Callovian - Oxfordian	165.3 - 154.8	Kazakhstan (Chimkent)	Tega karatavica (105426 105971)
Callovian - Oxfordian	165.3 - 154.8	China (Liaoning)	Laemargus yujiagouensis, Leptoplecia laevis (154730)
Callovian - Oxfordian	165.3 - 154.8	China (Hebei)	Huaxiarhyphus chichengensis (156711)
Tithonian	149.2 - 143.1	Mongolia	Mesorhyphus handlirschi (152133) Tega penna, Mesorhyphus handlirschi, Mesorhyphus hennigi, Pachyrhyphus sp. (104748)
Tithonian	149.2 - 143.1	Russian Federation (Chita)	Megarhyphus sophiae, Pachyrhyphus transbaicalicus (123197) Megarhyphus sophiae, Pachyrhyphus transbaicalicus, Mesorhyphus clavipes (114307) Pachyrhyphus transbaicalicus (140475)
Early/Lower Berriasian	143.1 - 141.0	United Kingdom (England)	Tipulidae indet. (105966)
Middle Berriasian	141.0 - 139.1	United Kingdom (England)	Platyura fittoni, Rhyphus priscus (104008)
Late/Upper Berriasian	139.1 - 137.05	United Kingdom (England)	Anisopodidae indet. (104003)
Valanginian	137.05 - 132.6	United Kingdom (England)	Mesorhyphus sp. (122355)
Hauterivian	132.6 - 125.77	China (Gansu)	Gansuplecia triporata (140464)
Hauterivian	132.6 - 125.77	China (Shaanxi)	Gansuplecia triporata (140470)
Aptian	121.4 - 113.2	China (Shandong)	Gansuplecia triporata (154887)
Aptian	121.4 - 113.2	Russian Federation (Buryatia)	Anisopodidae indet., Amorimyia robusta (113350) Megarhyphus sp. (113349)
Aptian	121.4 - 113.2	Mongolia (Govi-Altai)	Pachyrhyphus jakovlevi (136034) Pachyrhyphus jakovlevi, Pachyrhyphus malus (122332)
Aptian	121.4 - 113.2	Russian Federation (Chita)	Megarhyphus rectinervis (138072)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Myanmar	Cretolbia burmitica, Cretolbia zhuodei (161726) Cretolbia hukawnga, Cretolbia burmitica, Mycetobia myanmara (187929)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	China (Liaoning)	Eoanisopodites fushunensis (124820) Lycoria chrysitis (124530) Mesochria fani (125934)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	France (Oise)	Mesochria deploegi, Mycetobia sylvieae (123850)
Bridgerian	50.5 - 46.2	USA (Wyoming)	Asarcomyia cadaver (122090)
Bridgerian	50.5 - 46.2	USA (Colorado)	Eothereva simplex (114681)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	USA (Montana)	Sylvicola silibrarius (135666 183409)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Ukraine	Mycetobia perkovskyi (113621)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	United Kingdom (England)	Rhyphus hooleyi (21976) Rhyphus hooleyi, Sylvicola problematica (123960) Sylvicola hooleyi (113829 123959)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Russian Federation (Kaliningrad)	Mycetobia callida, Rhyphus thirionus, Rhyphus splendidus, Mycetobia connexa, Mycetobia longipennis, Mycetobia platyuroides (123927) Mycetobia silvia (123771) Rhyphus thirionus (124073)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Germany (Halle)	Sylvicola splendida, Sylvicola hoffeinsorum (124273)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Poland	Mycetobia connexa, Sylvicola splendida, Sylvicola hoffeinsorum, Mycetobia christelae, Mycetobia szwedoi (123215) Sylvicola sp., Mycetobia connexa, Sylvicola hoffeinsorum (110737)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Russian Federation	Mycetobia connexa, Sylvicola splendida, Sylvicola thiriona, Sylvicola baltica, Sylvicola hoffeinsorum, Sylvicola punctata, Mycetobia christelae, Mycetobia hansi (123419)
Whitneyan	31.8 - 29.5	USA (Montana)	Sylvicola fenestralis (120623)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia)	Lycoria sp 3 (122010)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Mexico	Mycetobia sp. (21977)
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.45 - 13.82	Dominican Republic	Mycetobia antillea, Mycetobia cryptambra, Mesochria neotropica, Olbiogaster perezi (122982)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	USA (Idaho)	Anisopus carolae (97616)
Sarmatian	12.8 - 11.63	Croatia	Rhyphus maculatus (117761)