PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Torymidae

Insecta - Hymenoptera - Torymidae

Taxonomy

Torymidae was named by Walker (1833). It is extant. Its type is Torymus.

It was assigned to Apocrita by Carpenter (1992); and to Chalcidoidea by Sharkey (2007), Heraty et al. (2013).

Subtaxa

Eomonodontomerites, Eotorymites, Huaxiatorymus, Leptotorymites, Microdontomerinae, Monodontomerinae, Palaeotorymus, Podagrioninae, Tetrapus mayri, Toryminae

Synonyms

Eotorymites was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).
Eotorymites chloribrunneus was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (late 1970s collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).
Huaxiatorymus was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).
Huaxiatorymus castaneus was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).
Leptotorymites was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).
Leptotorymites xilutianensis was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).
Eomonodontomerites was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).
Eomonodontomerites azulichloriticus was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).
Tetrapus mayri was named by Brues (1910). Its type specimen is MCZ 2067, an exoskeleton, and it is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Florissant (MCZ Collection), which is in a Chadronian lacustrine - large shale in the Florissant Formation of Colorado.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Compton (2014).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1833	Torymidae Walker p. 115
1910	Tetrapus mayri Brues p. 16 fig. 9
1992	Torymidae Carpenter
2002	Eotorymites Hong p. 462
2002	Eotorymites chloribrunneus Hong p. 463 figs. 2.8.115-125
2002	Huaxiatorymus Hong p. 465
2002	Huaxiatorymus castaneus Hong p. 466 figs. 2.8.126-136
2002	Leptotorymites Hong p. 468
2002	Leptotorymites xilutianensis Hong p. 468 figs. 2.8.137-141
2002	Eomonodontomerites Hong p. 470
2002	Eomonodontomerites azulichloriticus Hong p. 471 figs. 2.8.144-153
2007	Torymidae Sharkey
2013	Torymidae Heraty et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa	Aguinaldo et al. 1997
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Gravenhorst 1843
—	Deuteropoda
—	Mandibulata
—	Pancrustacea	Zrzavý and Štys 1997
—	Altocrustacea	Regier et al. 2010
superclass	Allotriocarida
—	Athalassocarida
—	Labiocarida	Schwentner et al. 2017
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
—	Cercofilata

Rank	Name	Author
class	Insecta
—	Dicondylia
—	Paranotalia
subclass	Pterygota	()
—	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
—	Holometabola
—	Hymenopterida
order	Hymenoptera
—	Unicalcarida
suborder	Apocrita	Gerstaecker 1867
infraorder	Proctotrupomorpha
—	Microprocta
superfamily	Chalcidoidea
family	Torymidae	Walker 1833
family	Torymidae	Walker 1833

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Torymidae Walker 1833

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Subfm. Microdontomerinae Grissell 1995

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G. †Zophodetus Grissell 1980

†Zophodetus woodruffi Grissell 1980

Subfm. Monodontomerinae

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Tr. Monodontomerini

G. Monodontomerus Westwood 1833

†Monodontomerus primaevus Brues 1923

G. †Palaeotorymus Brues 1910

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†Palaeotorymus aciculatus Brues 1910

†Palaeotorymus laevis Brues 1910

†Palaeotorymus renzii Peñalver and Engel 2006

†Palaeotorymus striatus Brues 1910

†Palaeotorymus typicus Brues 1910

Subfm. Podagrioninae Ashmead 1904

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G. †Gummilumpus Grissell 1995

†Gummilumpus bouceki Grissell 1980

G. Neopalachia Boucek 1978

Tr. Podagrionini Ashmead 1904

G. Palmon Dalman 1826

G. Podagrion Spinola 1811

†Podagrion bellator Dalman 1826

†Podagrion capitellatus Dalman 1826

†Podagrion clavellatus Dalman 1826

Invalid names: Palachiini Boucek 1976 [empty]

Subfm. Toryminae Walker 1833

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Tr. Torymini Walker 1833

G. Torymus Dalman 1820

†Torymus bruesi Huber 1927

Invalid names: Torymus sackeni Brues 1910 [replaced]

†Torymus pertinax Förster 1891

Invalid names: Callimome Spinola 1811 [replaced]

Invalid names: Eomonodontomerites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Eotorymites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Huaxiatorymus Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Leptotorymites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Tetrapus mayri Brues 1910 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Ypresian to the top of the Holocene or 56.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 48.07 Ma

Collections (8 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	China (Liaoning)	Eotorymites chloribrunneus (124530) Huaxiatorymus castaneus, Leptotorymites xilutianensis, Eomonodontomerites azulichloriticus (124820)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Russian Federation (Kaliningrad)	Monodontomerus primaevus (123927)
Chadronian	37.0 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Tetrapus mayri, Torymus sackeni, Palaeotorymus typicus, Palaeotorymus laevis, Palaeotorymus striatus, Palaeotorymus aciculatus (106384)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 27.3	France	Torymus pertinax (121476)
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.45 - 13.82	Dominican Republic	Zophodetus woodruffi, Neopalachia bouceki (123857)
Orleanian	20.0 - 15.98	Spain	Perilampus renzii (138802)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Tanzania	Palmon bellator, Palmon clavellatus, Palmon capitellatus (152160)