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Ephedra
Taxonomy
Ephedra was named by Linnaeus (1753). It is extant. Its type is Ephedra distachya.
It was assigned to Ephedraceae by Dumortier (1829), Lakhanpal et al. (1976), Chauhan (1991), Cladera et al. (2007).
It was assigned to Ephedraceae by Dumortier (1829), Lakhanpal et al. (1976), Chauhan (1991), Cladera et al. (2007).
Species
E. distachya (type species), E. monostachya
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1753 | Ephedra Linnaeus p. 1040 |
| 1829 | Ephedra Dumortier p. 12 |
| 1976 | Ephedra Lakhanpal et al. |
| 1991 | Ephedra Chauhan |
| 2007 | Ephedra Cladera et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Ephedra Linnaeus 1753
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Ephedra distachya Linnaeus 1753
Ephedra monostachya Linnaeus 1753
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Aptian to the top of the Holocene or 121.40000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.2 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.2 Ma
Collections (47 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aptian | Mexico (Chiapas) | E. sp. (68835) | |
| Aptian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | E. verticillata (150879) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Danian | Antarctica | E. notensis (168697) | |
| Early/Lower Paleocene - Danian | Antarctica (Seymour Island) | E. notensis (168705) | |
| Paleocene | USA (Missouri) | E. voluta type (231963 231965 232056) | |
| Paleocene - Eocene | USA (Virginia) | E. voluta (233017) | |
| Eocene | USA (Missouri) | E. claricristata (231933) E. hungarica (231931) | |
| Middle Eocene | USA (Virginia) | E. fusiformis (231698) | |
| Middle Eocene | USA (Alabama) | E. hungarica type (236389) | |
| Middle Eocene | Argentina (Tierra del Fuego) | E. sp. (169358) | |
| Chadronian | USA (Colorado) | E. miocenica (24209) | |
| Oligocene - Miocene | USA (Maryland) | E. sp. (231836) | |
| Chattian | Azerbaijan | E. sp. (116637) | |
| Aquitanian | Azerbaijan | E. sp. (116623 116633) | |
| Miocene | USA (Maryland) | E. sp. (231835) | |
| Burdigalian | Azerbaijan | E. sp. (116625 116627 116629 116635) | |
| Langhian - Serravallian | Poland (Silesia) | E. fragilis (28443) | |
| Serravallian | USA (Virginia) | E. sp. (126605) | |
| Tortonian | Türkiye (Yalova) | E. sp. (184470) | |
| Pliocene | Portugal | E. sp. (232124) | |
| Pleistocene | India (Kashmir) | E. sp. (224612 224613 224614 224751) | |
| Quaternary | India (Rajasthan) | E. sp. (228785 228789 228811 228812) | |
| Quaternary | India (Himachal Pradesh) | E. sp. (228760 228761 228776) | |
| Ionian (interglacial) | Italy (Apulia) | E. sp. (157640) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Italy | E. sp. (38321) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Washington) | E. sp. (93677) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Utah) | E. viridis (93326) | |
| Holocene | Argentina (Buenos Aires) | E. sp. (136951) | |
| Holocene | India (Uttarakhand) | E. sp. (228762 228763) | |
| Holocene | India (Himachal Pradesh) | E. sp. (228780 228781) |