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Spariformes

Actinopteri - Spariformes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2013Spariformes Betancur et al.
2016Spariformes Nelson et al. p. 502
2025Spariformes Cicimurri et al. p. 95

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
subclassNeopterygii(Regan 1923)
RankNameAuthor
—Teleosteomorpha
—Teleostei(Müller 1846)
—Teleocephalade Pinna 1996
—ClupeocephalaPatterson and Rosen 1977
—EuteleosteiRosen 1973
superorderAcanthopterygii
—Percomorpha
—OvalentariaSmith and Near 2012
orderSpariformes
orderSpariformes

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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G. Centracanthus Rafinesque 1810
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†Centracanthus pobedinae Bratishko et al. 2015
G. Spicara Rafinesque 1810
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†Spicara arambourgi Nolf 1971
†Spicara gossei Steurbaut 1984
Spicara smaris Linnaeus 1758
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G. Lethrinus Cuvier 1829
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Lethrinus crassiornatus Schwarzhans 2019
G. Monotaxis Bennett 1830
Fm. Nemipteridae Regan 1930
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G. Nemipterus Swainson 1839
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†Nemipterus caribbaeus Nolf and Dockery 1993
Fm. Sparidae Cuvier 1817
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G. †Abromasta Day 2002
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†Abromasta microdon Agassiz 1839
Subfm. †Dentinae
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G. †Podocephalus Agassiz 1843
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†Podocephalus curryi Casier 1966
†Podocephalus nitidus Casier 1966
G. †Sciaenuropsis Casier 1966
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†Sciaenuropsis turneri Casier 1966
G. Diplodus Rafinesque 1810
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Diplodus annularis Linnaeus 1758
†Diplodus jamnitanus Valenciennes 1844
†Diplodus jomnitanus Valencienes 1844
†Diplodus karrerae Nolf and Steurbaut 1979
G. †Ellaserrata Day 2002
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†Ellaserrata monksi Day 2002
Subg. Otolithus (Chrysophris) Cuvier 1829
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†Chrysophris doederleini Bassoli and Schubert 1906
†Chrysophris hennii Van Beneden 1871
†Chrysophris miolankae Deraniyagala 1969
†Chrysophrys brevis Lednev 1914
†Chrysophrys diatomaceus Bogatshov 1942
†Chrysophrys honi Leriche 1926
G. †Plectrites Jordan and Gilbert 1920
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†Plectrites classeni Jordan and Gilbert 1920
G. †Pseudosparnodus Day 2002
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G. †Rythmias Jordan and Gilbert 1920
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†Rythmias starri Jordan and Gilbert 1920
G. Sargus Walbaum 1792
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†Sargus cuvieri Agassiz 1839
†Sargus laticonus Davis 1888
†Sargus oranensis Woodward 1901
G. †Sciaenurus Agassiz 1843
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†Sciaenurus bowerbanki Agassiz 1845
G. †Sparidarum Bonaparte 1832
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†Sparidarum crescens Frost 1925
†Sparidarum doderleini Bassoli 1906
†Sparidarum elongatus Priem 1906
†Sparidarum frosti Vorstman 1927
†Sparidarum gautieri Steurbaut 1984
†Sparidarum gregarius Koken 1891
†Sparidarum pectinoides Stinton and Nolf 1970
G. †Sparnodus Agassiz 1835
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†Sparnodus altivelis Agassiz 1835
†Sparnodus elongatus Agassiz 1835
†Sparnodus eotauricus Bogatshov 1965
†Sparnodus macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835
†Sparnodus micracanthus Agassiz 1839
†Sparnodus ovalis Agassiz 1835
†Sparnodus vulgaris de Blainville 1818
G. Sparus Linnaeus 1758
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†Sparus brusinai Kramberger 1882
†Sparus caraibaeus Casier 1958
†Sparus cinctus Agassiz 1843
†Sparus compactus Arambourg 1927
†Sparus elegantulus Koken 1888
†Sparus neogenus Arambourg 1927
Invalid names: Denticinae [empty]
Invalid names: Callanthiidae [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2004-08-17 14:52:40
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:42
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
Reference: Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Cenomanian to the top of the Holocene or 100.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma

Collections (155 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Brazil (Maranhão) Sparidae indet. (67225)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Sparidae indet. (47782)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Argentina (Río Negro) Sparidae indet. (45087)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) Sparidae indet. (47893)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0France (Haute-Garonne) Sparidae indet. (48865 118194 148954 172588)
Danian66.0 - 61.66Greenland Sparidarum carribaeus (22943)
Selandian61.66 - 59.24USA (Alabama) Sparidae indet., Nemipterus caribbaeus (87817)
Selandian61.66 - 59.24Denmark Sparidarum sp. (159792 159793)
Selandian - Thanetian61.66 - 56.0Ukraine Sparidarum spatiatus (159509)
Early/Lower Eocene56.0 - 48.07United Kingdom (England) Nemipterus minsterensis (3262)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07United Kingdom (England) Sciaenurus bowerbanki (8050) Sciaenurus bowerbanki, Podocephalus nitidus, Podocephalus curryi (13299)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Antarctica Sparidae indet. (100414)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Belgium Sparus sp. (219001)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Italy Sparnodus elongatus, Sparnodus vulgaris, Pseudosparnodus microstomus, Ellaserrata monksi, Abromasta microdon (94830)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07United Kingdom Sciaenurus bowerbanki, Podocephalus nitidus, Podocephalus curryi, Sciaenuropsis turneri (215472)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Antarctica (Seymour Island) Sparidae indet. (176085)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9France Spicara armabourgi (220174)
Wasatchian54.9 - 50.5USA (Virginia) Sciaenurus bowerbanki (15595)
Mangaorapan - Heretaungan52.0 - 45.7New Zealand (South Island) Lethrinus crassiornatus (219501)
Heretaungan48.9 - 45.7New Zealand (South Island) Lethrinus crassiornatus (219498)