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Myzozoa

Taxonomy
Myzozoa was named by Cavalier-Smith and Chao (2004). It is extant.

It was assigned to Alveolata by Cavalier-Smith and Chao (2004).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2004Myzozoa Cavalier-Smith and Chao

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RankNameAuthor
—Life
—Eukaryota()
—Chromalveolata
RankNameAuthor
—Alveolata
—Myzozoa
—Myzozoa

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Myzozoa Cavalier-Smith and Chao 2004
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G. †Amphidiadema Cookson and Eisenack 1960
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†Amphidiadema denticulata Cookson and Eisenack 1960
†Amphidiadema rectangularis Lentin and Williams 1976
Subph. †Dinozoa
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G. †Acanthaulax Sarjeant 1968
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†Acanthaulax tenuiceras Eisenack 1958
G. †Aldorfia Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Apectodinium Lentin and Williams 1981
G. †Biechelerella Deflandre 1948
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†Biechelerella jurassica Deflandre 1948
G. †Bulbodinium Wetzel 1960
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†Bulbodinium seitzi Wetzel 1960
G. †Calciodinellum Deflandre 1947
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†Calciodinellum operosum Deflandre 1947
G. †Callaiosphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
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†Callaiosphaeridium asymmetricum Clarke and Verdier 1967
G. †Canninginopsis Cookson and Eisenack 1962
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†Canninginopsis bretonica Marshall 1990
†Canninginopsis colliveri Backhouse 1988
†Canninginopsis denticulata Cookson and Eisenack 1962
†Canninginopsis tabulata Helby et al. 1987
G. †Chonesphaera Klumpp 1953
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†Chonesphaera incerta Klumpp 1953
G. †Crussolia Wolfard and Van Erve 1981
Cl. Dinophyceae Fritsch and West 1927
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Or. Actiniscales Sournia 1984
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Fm. Actiniscaceae Kützing 1844
G. †Actinotheca Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Aiora Cookson and Eisenack 1960
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†Aiora fenestrata Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Algidasphaeridium Matsuoka and Bujak 1988
G. †Anthatractus Deunff 1954
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†Anthatractus insolitus Deunff 1954
G. †Apteodinium Eisenack 1958
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†Apteodinium conjunctum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Apteodinium deflandrei Clarke and Verdier 1967
†Apteodinium granulatum Eisenack 1958
†Apteodinium maculatum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Apteodinium palliatum Stevens 1987
G. Arcticacysta Sangiorgi et al. 2009
G. †Aremoricanium Deunff 1955
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†Aremoricanium rigaudae Deunff 1955
G. †Belodinium Cookson and Eisenack 1960
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†Belodinium dysculum Cookson and Eisenack 1960
†Belodinium nereidis Stevens and Helby 1987
G. †Bicarinellum Deflandre 1948
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†Bicarinellum castaninum Deflandre 1948
G. †Broomea Cookson and Eisenack 1958
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†Broomea ramosa Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Broomea simplex Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Calcicarpinium Deflandre 1948
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†Calcicarpinium tetraedricum Deflandre 1948
G. †Calcigonellum Deflandre 1948
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†Calcigonellum unfula Deflandre 1948
G. †Calciogranellum Deflandre 1948
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†Calciogranellum limbatum Deflandre 1948
G. †Calcipterellum Deflandre 1948
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†Calcipterellum colomi Deflandre 1948
G. †Calcisphaerellum Deflandre 1948
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†Calcisphaerellum flosculus Deflandre 1948
G. †Caligodinium Drugg 1970
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†Caligodinium aceras Manum and Cookson 1964
†Caligodinium perforatum Guler et al. 2005
G. †Cantulodinium Alberti 1961
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†Cantulodinium speciosum Alberti 1961
Fm. †Ceratocoryaceae Lindemann 1928
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G. †Maghrebinia Below 1981
G. †Chiropteridium Gocht 1960
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G. †Cryptarchaeodinium Deflandre 1939
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G. †Cymatiogalea Deunff 1961
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†Cymatiogalea margaritata Deunff 1961
G. †Danea Drugg 1967
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†Danea californica Drugg 1967
G. †Diconodinium Eisenack and Cookson 1960
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†Diconodinium acutum Jain and Millepied 1971
†Diconodinium arcticum Manum and Cookson 1964
†Diconodinium cristatum Cookson and Eisenack 1974
†Diconodinium davidii Morgan 1975
†Diconodinium lurense Guerstein 2005
†Diconodinium multispinum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Diconodinium pelliferum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Diconodinium psilatum Morgan 1977
†Diconodinium pusillum Singh 1971
G. †Dictyopyxidia Eisenack 1961
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†Dictyopyxidia areolata Cookson and Eisenack 1960
Invalid names: Dictyopyxis Cookson and Eisenack 1960 [replaced]
G. †Diornatosphaera Downie 1958
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†Diornatosphaera angusta Downie 1958
G. †Diplotesta Cookson and Eisenack 1960
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†Diplotesta glaessneri Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Disconodinium Eisenack and Cookson 1960
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†Disconodinium multispinum Deflandre and Cookson 1954
G. Distatodinium Eaton 1976
G. †Dollidinium Helby and Stover 1987
G. †Downiesphaeridium Islam 1993
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G. Echinidinium Zonneveld 1997
G. †Endoceratium Vozzhennikova 1967
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†Endoceratium exquisitum Morgan 1980
†Endoceratium ludbrookiae Loeblich Jr and Loebich 1966
†Endoceratium turneri Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Eodinia Eisenack 1936
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†Eodinia pachytheca Eisenack 1936
G. †Evansia Pocock 1972
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†Evansia alaskensis Below 1990
†Evansia evittii Jansonius 1986
G. †Exochosphaeridium Davey 1966
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†Exochosphaeridium arnace Davey and Verdier 1976
†Exochosphaeridium robustum Blackhouse 1988
G. †Favilarnax Sarjeant 1963
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†Favilarnax ovulum Sarjeant 1963
G. †Galea Maier 1959
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†Galea galea Maier 1959
G. †Gillinia Cookson and Eisenack 1960
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†Gillinia hymenophora Cookson and Eisenack 1960
Or. †Gonyaulacales Taylor 1980
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Fm. †Areoligeraceae Evitt 1963
G. †Balcattia Cookson and Eisenack 1974
G. †Batiacasphaera Drugg 1970
G. †Bourkidinium Morgan 1975
Fm. Ceratiaceae Lindemann 1928
G. Cerebrocysta Bujak et al. 1980
G. †Chlamydophorella Cookson and Eisenack 1958
Fm. †Cladopyxiaceae Stein 1883
G. †Cleistosphaeridium Davey 1966
G. †Dapsilidinium Bujak 1980
G. †Dingodinium Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Dissimulidinium May et al. 1987
G. †Ellipsoidictyum Klement 1960
G. †Elytrocysta Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Epiplosphaera Klement 1960
G. †Flamingoia Stevens and Helby 1987
G. †Fusiformacysta Morgan 1975
G. †Gardodinium Alberti 1961
Fm. †Goniodomaceae Lindemann 1928
Fm. †Gonyaulacaceae Lindemann 1928
G. †Heslertonia Sarjeant
G. †Impletosphaeridium Morgenroth 1966
G. Labyrinthodinium Piasecki 1980
G. Lophocysta Manum 1979
G. †Membranilarnacia Eisenack 1963
G. †Membranilarnax Wetzell 1933
G. †Moorodinium Blackhouse 1988
G. †Papuadinium Davey 1988
G. †Paucisphaeridium Bujak et al. 1980
G. †Peridictyocysta Cookson and Eisenack 1974
G. †Productodinium Davey 1988
G. †Reticulatosphaera Matsuoka 1983
Fm. †Shublikodiniaceae Wiggins 1973
G. †Tanyosphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
G. †Tetrachacysta Blackhouse 1988
G. †Valensiella Eisenack 1963
G. †Xiphophoridium Sarjeant 1966
G. †Gymnodinium Stein 1898
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†Gymnodinium attadalense Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Gymnodinium crystallinum Deflandre 1938
†Gymnodinium heterocostatum Deflandre 1935
†Gymnodinium luridum Deflandre 1939
†Gymnodinium nelsonense Cookson 1956
†Gymnodinium parvigranulatum Cookson and Eisenack 1958
†Gymnodinium westralium Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Heliodinium Alberti 1961
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†Heliodinium voigti Alberti 1961
G. †Heteraulacacysta Drugg and Loeblich 1967
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†Heteraulacacysta campanula Bujak and Matsuoka 1986
Fm. †Heterocapsaceae Fensome 1993
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G. †Andreedinium Below 1987
G. †Histiophora Klement 1960
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†Histiophora ornata Klement 1960
G. †Horologinella Cookson and Eisenack 1962
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†Horologinella apiculata Cookson and Eisenack 1962
†Horologinella lineata Cookson and Eisenack 1962
G. †Hystrichokibotium Klumpp 1953
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G. †Hystrichosphaeropsis Deflandre 1935
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†Hystrichosphaeropsis ovum Deflandre 1935
G. Invertocysta Edwards 1984
G. †Kofoidopsis Tasch 1963
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†Kofoidopsis coronata Tasch 1963
G. †Komewuia Cookson and Eisenack 1960
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†Komewuia glabra Cookson and Eisenack 1960
Fm. †Lecaniellaceae Cookson and Eisenack 1970
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G. †Eyrea Cookson and Eisenack 1970
G. †Lithodinia Eisenack 1935
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†Lithodinia bulloidea Gocht 1976
†Lithodinia diaphanus Williams et al. 1993
†Lithodinia jurassica Eisenack 1935
G. †Lithoperidinium Deflandre 1933
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†Lithoperidinium oamaruense Deflandre 1933
G. †Membranophoridium Gerlach 1961
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G. Millioudodinium Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Multiplicisphaeridium Staplin 1961
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Fm. †Nannoceratopsiaceae Gocht 1970
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G. †Nannoceratopsis Deflandre 1939
G. †Nannoceratopsiella Tasch 1963
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G. †Nelsoniella Cookson and Eisenack 1960
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†Nelsoniella aceras Cookson and Eisenack 1960
†Nelsoniella semireticulata Cookson and Eisenack 1960
†Nelsoniella tuberculata Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Odontochitinopsis Eisenack 1961
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†Odontochitinopsis molesta Eisenack 1961
G. †Oodnadattia Eisenack and Cookson 1960
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†Oodnadattia tuberculata Eisenack and Cookson 1960
G. †Ovoidinium Davey 1970
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†Ovoidinium cinctum Davey 1970
†Ovoidinium ovale Lentin and Williams 1976
G. †Palaeoglenodinium Deflandre 1934
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†Palaeoglenodinium cretaceum Deflandre 1934
Fm. †Palaeoperidinioideae Bujak and Davies 1983
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G. †Chichaouadinium Below 1981
G. †Ginginodinium Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Palaeotetradinium Deflandre 1936
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†Palaeotetradinium silicorum Deflandre 1936
G. †Paleopedicystus Staplin 1961
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G. †Palmnickia Eisenack 1954
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†Palmnickia lobifera Eisenack 1954
Fm. †Pareodiniaceae Gocht 1957
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G. †Aprobolocysta Duxbury 1977
G. †Batioladinium Brideaux 1975
G. †Kalyptea Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Pareodinia Deflandre 1947
G. †Pentafidia Blackhouse 1988
Or. Peridiniales Haeckel 1894
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G. †Aireiana Cookson and Eisenack 1965
G. †Angustidinium Goodman and Evitt 1981
G. †Arachnodinium Wilson 1982
G. †Barssidinium Lentin et al. 1994
G. †Bitorus Keupp 1992
G. †Blysmatodinium McMinn 1992
Fm. †Deflandreaceae Eisenack 1954
G. †Herendeenia Wiggins 1969
G. †Laciniadinium McIntyre 1975
G. Multispinula Bradford 1975
G. †Noricysta Bujak and Fisher 1976
G. †Octodinium Wrenn and Hart 1988
G. Pentapharsodinium Indelicato and Loeblich 1986
Fm. †Peridiniaceae Ehrenberg 1832
Fm. Protoperidiniaceae Bujak and Davies 1983
G. Rhabdothorax Kamptner 1958
G. †Shublikodinium Wiggins 1973
G. †Stoveracysta Clowes 1985
G. †Susadinium Dorhofer and Davies 1980
G. †Tectatodinium Wall 1967
G. †Tuberculodinium Wall 1967
G. †Peridinites Lefevre 1933
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†Peridinites parvulus Lefevre 1933
G. †Phanerodinium Deflandre 1937
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†Phanerodinium cayeuxi Deflandre 1934
G. †Polyedryxium Deunff 1954
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†Polyedryxium deflandrei Deunff 1954
†Polyedryxium fragosulum Playford 1977
Fm. Polykrikaceae Kofoid and Swezy 1921
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G. Polykrikos Bütschli 1873
G. †Polystephanephorus Sarjeant 1961
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†Polystephanephorus calathus Sarjeant 1961
G. †Polystephanosphaera Sarjeant 1960
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G. †Priscogalea Deunff 1961
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†Priscogalea barbara Deunff 1961
G. †Prolixosphaeridium Davey 1966
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†Prolixosphaeridium inequiornatum Stover and Helby 1987
†Prolixosphaeridium mixtispinosum Davey et al. 1969
G. †Pseudodeflandrea Alberti 1959
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†Pseudodeflandrea gigantea Alberti 1959
Or. †Ptychodiscales Fensome 1993
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Fm. †Ptychodiscaceae Lemmermann 1899
G. †Pulvinosphaeridium Eisenack 1954
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G. †Raphidodinium Deflandre 1936
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†Raphidodinium fucatum Deflandre 1936
G. †Rottnestia Cookson and Eisenack 1961
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†Rottnestia borussica Cookson and Eisenack 1961
†Rottnestia wetzelii Deflandre 1937
G. †Samlandia Eisenack 1954
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†Samlandia chlamydophora Eisenack 1954
G. †Scriniocassis Gocht 1964
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†Scriniocassis weberi Gocht 1964
G. †Spherites Dijkstra 1949
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†Spherites spinosus Dijkstra 1949
G. †Spiniferites Mantell 1850
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†Spiniferites bejuii Masure 1998
†Spiniferites chebca Lentin and Williams 1993
†Spiniferites cingulatus Sarjeant 1970
†Spiniferites cornutus Gerlach 1961
†Spiniferites dentatus Gocht 1959
†Spiniferites fluens Stover and Williams 1987
†Spiniferites hyalospinosus Stover and Williams 1987
†Spiniferites hyperacanthus Deflandre and Cookson 1955
†Spiniferites lenzii Below 1982
†Spiniferites mirabilis Sarjeant 1970
†Spiniferites pseudofurcatus Sarjeant 1970
†Spiniferites ramosus Lentin and Williams 1973
†Spiniferites tripus Singh 1983
G. †Stephanelytron Sarjeant 1961
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†Stephanelytron redcliffense Sarjeant 1961
G. †Suessia Morbey 1975
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†Suessia swabiana Morbey 1975
G. †Taeniophora Klement 1960
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†Taeniophora iunctispina Klement 1960
G. †Teneridinium Krutzsch 1962
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†Teneridinium magnoides Krutzsch 1962
G. †Tenua Eisenack 1958
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†Tenua hystricella Eisenack 1958
†Tenua hystrix Eisenack 1958
†Tenua taugourdeaui Varma and Dangwal 1964
G. †Ternia Helby and Stover 1987
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†Ternia balmei Helby and Stover 1987
Or. Thoracosphaerales Tangen et al. 1982
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G. Thoracosphaera Kamptner 1927
G. †Toolongia Cookson and Eisenack 1960
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†Toolongia medusoides Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Triblastula Wetzel 1933
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†Triblastula utinensis Wetzel 1933
G. †Trichodinium Eisenack and Cookson 1960
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†Trichodinium castanea Clarke and Verdier 1967
†Trichodinium eisenackii Burger 1980
†Trichodinium intermedium Eisenack and Cookson 1960
†Trichodinium pellitum Eisenack and Cookson 1960
G. †Valvaeodinium Morgenroth 1970
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G. †Vulcanisphaera Deunff 1961
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†Vulcanisphaera africana Deunff 1961
G. †Wallodinium Loeblich Jr and Loeblich 1968
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†Wallodinium glaessneri Cookson and Eisenak 1960
†Wallodinium krutzschii Habib 1972
†Wallodinium luna Lentin and Williams 1973
†Wallodinium lunum Lentin and Williams 1973
G. †Wetzeliella Eisenack 1938
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†Wetzeliella articulata Eisenack 1938
†Wetzeliella irregularis Cookson and Eisenack 1958
G. †Wetzelodinium Deflandre 1936
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†Wetzelodinium tentaculatum Deflandre 1936
G. †Xenicodinium Klement 1960
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G. †Xenikoon Cookson and Eisenack 1960
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†Xenikoon australis Cookson and Eisenack 1960
G. †Disphaerogena Wetzel 1933
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G. †Dracodinium Gocht 1955
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†Dracodinium solidum Gocht 1955
G. †Dubridinium Reid 1977
G. †Emslandia Gerlach 1961
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†Emslandia emslandensis Gerlach 1961
G. Eurydinium Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Evittodinium Deflandre 1964
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†Evittodinium giselae Deflandre 1964
G. Filisphaera Bujak 1984
G. †Glyphanodinium Drugg 1964
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†Glyphanodinium facetum Drugg 1964
G. Haplohermesinum Hovasse 1943
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G. †Hystrichosphaera Wetzel 1933
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†Hystrichosphaera furcata Wetzel 1933
†Hystrichosphaera pseudofurcata Varma and Dangwal 1964
G. †Korystocysta Woollam 1983
G. †Lejeunia Gerlach 1961
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†Lejeunia hyalina Gerlach 1961
G. †Palambages Wetzel 1961
G. †Palynodinium Gocht 1970
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†Palynodinium grallator Gocht 1970
G. †Paraevansia Below 1990
G. †Paralecaniella Cookson 1970
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†Paralecaniella indentata Cookson and Eisenack 1970
G. †Pentadinium Gerlach 1961
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†Pentadinium laticinctum Gerlach 1961
G. †Phallocysta Below 1987
G. †Pluriarvalium Sarjeant 1962
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†Pluriarvalium osmingtonense Sarjeant 1962
G. †Polysphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
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†Polysphaeridium subtile Davey and Williams 1966
G. †Rhombodinium Gocht 1955
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†Rhombodinium draco Gocht 1955
G. †Schematophora Deflandre and Cookson 1955
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†Schematophora speciosa Deflandre and Cookson 1955
G. Scrippsiella Balech 1959
G. †Spongodinium Deflandre 1936
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†Spongodinium delitiense Ehrenberg 1936
†Spongodinium reticulatum Hultberg 1985
G. †Svalbardella Manum 1960
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G. Tubidermodinium Morgenroth 1966
G. Turbiosphaera Archangelsky 1969
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†Turbiosphaera galatea Eaton 1976
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Tremadoc to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 486.50000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 485.4 Ma

Collections (729 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cambrian538.8 - 485.4Finland (Soderfjarden) Multiplicisphaeridium sp., Vulcanisphaera sp., Hystrichosphaeridium sp. (41196)
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7Spain (Zaragoza) Cymatiogalea sp. (21074 21076) Cymatiogalea sp., Vulcanisphaera sp. (21073)
Hunneberg481.1 - 474.8Russian Federation (St. Petersburg) Cymatiogalea deunfii (191302)
Arenig478.6 - 466.0Spain (Zaragoza) Cymatiogalea sp. (21075)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Canada (Quebec) Multiplicisphaeridium bifurcatum, Multiplicisphaeridium irregulare (56000)
Gamachian449.5 - 443.7Canada (Québec) Multiplicisphaeridium denticulatum, Multiplicisphaeridium ravum, Multiplicisphaeridium birminghamensis, Multiplicisphaeridium sp. (24577) Multiplicisphaeridium sp. (24576)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.4 - 438.5Norway Multiplicisphaeridium cladum (2911 2912 2913) Multiplicisphaeridium irregulare, Multiplicisphaeridium cladum (2914)
Alexandrian443.4 - 436.0Canada (Québec) Multiplicisphaeridium arbusculiferum, Multiplicisphaeridium paraguaferum, Multiplicisphaeridium fermosum, Multiplicisphaeridium neahgae (24582) Multiplicisphaeridium lobeznum (24581) Multiplicisphaeridium visbyense (24579)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0Russian Federation (Siberia) Multiplicisphaeridium bonitum (206346)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8France (Finistere) Polyedryxium simplex (6162)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Ohio) Multiplicisphaeridium anastomosis, Multiplicisphaeridium verrucarum (23340)
Permian298.9 - 251.902Germany Polyedryxium kraeuselianum, Polyedryxium sp. (23827)
Leonardian - Zechstein286.0 - 254.14Canada (Alberta) Palaeoperidinium sp. (31477)
Changhsingian254.17 - 252.17Germany Hystrichosphaeridea indet. (23705)
Griesbachian - Anisian251.902 - 242.0Canada (Alberta) Multiplicisphaeridium deunffii, Palaeoperidinium sp. (31478)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3France (Lorraine) Rhaetogonyaulax rhaetica (36106)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Netherlands Rhaetogonyaulax sp. (137658)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1Serbia and Montenegro (Montenegro) Nannoceratopsis gracilis (24568)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1Poland (Cracow) Danea microphylla (24598)
Early/Lower Bajocian171.6 - 168.4United Kingdom (England) Dinoflagellata indet., Pareodinia ceratophora, Dissiliodinium sp., Nannoceratopsis senex (38382)